Abstract: A deep neural network-based method for detecting living cell morphology may include identifying and locating one or more living cells within an acquired image to be detected by using a deep neural network-based target detection model, so as to extract one or more living single cell images. segmenting the image of the one or more living single cells by using a deep neural network-based cell segmentation model, so as to obtain one or more feature part of the one or more living single cells. and analyzing and determining a morphological parameter of the one or more living single cells based on the one or more feature parts. Thus, the activity of the detected cells can be ensured, and a non-destructive, accurate, and rapid detection of living cell morphology can be achieved.