Abstract: A vehicle thermal management system including a heating heat exchanger which exchanges heat with air within an air-conditioning case to heat the air, and a cooling heat exchanger which exchanges heat with air to cool the air; a refrigerant line circulating through a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and a chiller; a first coolant line that passes through the heating heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the condenser of the refrigerant line; a second coolant line that passes through the cooling heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the chiller of the refrigerant line; a radiator that exchanges heat between the coolant and outside air; a third coolant line that passes through the radiator and exchanges heat with a battery of a vehicle; and a mixing tank provided to mix the coolant of the first coolant line, the second coolant line, and the third coolant line.

Abstract: A heat management system including a refrigerant circulation line including a compressor, a water-cooling condenser, an air-cooling condenser, a first expansion valve, an evaporator, a refrigerant heat exchanger, and a gas/liquid separator that discharges only a liquid refrigerant, and cooling an indoor place by circulating a refrigerant; a heating line for heating the indoor place by circulating, through the water-cooling condenser, cooling water that exchanges heat with the refrigerant; and a cooling line for cooling a battery and an electrical component by circulating air or cooling water that exchanges heat with the refrigerant. Therefore, the present invention can not only cool and heat a vehicle but also efficiently manage heat for an electrical component and a battery in a vehicle, and can reduce the number of constituent components for heating and cooling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for an axial control and outside impact resistance of a hard disk drive (HDD), and more particularly to an impact resistant apparatus and its method by way of an axial control of a hard disk drive continuously maintaining a head at a constant flying height under an unsteady state by way of the control of an active element after equipping a head suspension with the active element for the stabilization of signals read/written on a disk.