Abstract: A device which is attachable to a fastener stack, the device comprising: an attachment element made of shape memory material; and a cap comprising a base having an aperture and a shell having an interior space in fluid communication with the opening, wherein the base supports the shell and is coupled to the attachment element.

Abstract: Transformable seat assembly includes a seat support structure and a seat connected to the seat support structure with a first hinge having a first axis of rotation. A back support structure is connected to the seat support structure with the back support structure positioned on a back side portion of the seat support structure and the first hinge is positioned on an opposing front side portion of the seat support structure. A wall member having a first end portion connected to the back support structure with a second hinge having a second axis of rotation, wherein the seat is rotatable about the first axis of rotation from an occupant support position to a deployed position and the wall member is rotatable about the second axis of rotation from an overlying position with respect to the back support structure to the wall member extending away from the back support structure.

Abstract: Transformable seat assembly includes a seat support structure and back support structure connected with an axis of rotation. Actuator assembly includes a cylinder and a piston positioned within the cylinder. The cylinder is secured to one of the back support structure or the seat support structure and the piston is secured to other of the one of the back support structure or the seat support structure. With blocking member in a first position, the piston is permitted to travel between the blocking member and an end of the cylinder spaced apart from the blocking member, such that with the piston traveling to the end of the cylinder, rotation of back support structure is limited from rotating beyond a first reclined position and with blocking member in a second position, back support structure is permitted to rotate into an overlying position relative to the seat support structure.

Abstract: A transformable seat assembly which includes a seat support structure and a seat connected to the seat support structure with a hinge. The hinge defines an axis of rotation. A back support structure connected to the seat support structure, which extends in an upward direction relative to the seat support structure. A back cushion is secured to the back support structure and a lumbar cushion extends along the back support structure positioned between the back cushion and the seat, wherein the lumbar cushion is releasably secured to one of the back cushion or the back support structure and an end portion of the seat positioned closer to the back support structure with the seat positioned in an occupant support position than the hinge, can rotate in a direction of rotation about the axis of rotation, which includes the upward direction and a direction away from the back support structure.

Abstract: A method of protecting an air vehicle against lightning strikes includes inserting a fastener through a hole in conjoined structures, the fastener defining an axis along its length and having a threaded end and a sleeve, and installing a washer assembly over the threaded end and the sleeve, the washer assembly having a metallic washer and a polymer seal radially inward of the metallic washer. The seal includes a lower seal portion defining a counter-bore, and an upper seal portion extending axially from the lower seal portion. The method includes installing a counter-bored nut on the threaded end, and applying torque to the nut to compress the lower seal portion against a surface of the conjoined structures and around the sleeve at the counter-bore of the seal, and to compress the upper seal portion of the seal into a counter-bore of the nut and around the threaded end.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media storing instructions for utilizing space associated with unoccupied seats in organized seating arrangements are disclosed herein. The disclosed techniques identify unoccupied seats within an organized seating arrangement, such as seats on an aircraft. Upgradable seats within the organized seating arrangement are determined based upon the unoccupied seats and the transformation capabilities of the seats. Upgradable seats are directly in front of or behind unoccupied seats, such that either the upgradable seat or the associated unoccupied seat is transformable to enable an upgrade. An occupant of a seat is selected for an upgrade associated with an upgradable seat and assigned the upgrade to enable the occupant to utilize a portion of the space associated with the unoccupied seat while sitting in the upgradable seat.

Abstract: A washer assembly including a metallic washer and a polymer seal. The metallic washer defines a cylindrical void and an axis therethrough. The polymer seal is attached to the metallic washer and is positioned radially inward thereof. The polymer seal includes a lower seal portion positioned at least partially within the cylindrical void and defining a counter-bore, and an upper seal portion extending axially from the lower seal portion. The lower seal portion is configured to engage, at the counter-bore, a fastener to form a seal to reduce escape of energized particles. The upper seal portion is configured to engage a counter-bore of a counter-bored nut to form a seal inside the counter-bored nut to reduce escape of energized particles.

Abstract: A transformable seat assembly includes a seat support structure and a back support structure connected to the seat support structure with a hinge defining an axis of rotation. An actuator assembly includes a cylinder and a piston positioned within the cylinder, wherein the cylinder is secured to one of the back support structure or the seat support structure and the piston is secured to other of the one of the back support structure or the seat support structure. Additionally a blocking member is positioned within and adjustable along the cylinder. With blocking member in a first position, piston is limited to travel to a first limit position and the back support structure to a first reclined position. With the blocking member in a second position, piston is limited to travel to a second limit position and back support structure is permitted to rotate to second reclined position.

Abstract: A transformable seat assembly includes a seat support structure and a back support structure connected to the seat support structure with a hinge defining an axis of rotation. An actuator assembly includes a cylinder and a piston positioned within the cylinder, wherein the cylinder is secured to one of the back support structure or the seat support structure and the piston is secured to other of the one of the back support structure or the seat support structure. Additionally a blocking member is positioned within and adjustable along the cylinder. With blocking member in a first position, piston is limited to travel to a first limit position and the back support structure to a first reclined position. With the blocking member in a second position, piston is limited to travel to a second limit position and back support structure is permitted to rotate to second reclined position.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media storing instructions for utilizing space associated with unoccupied seats in organized seating arrangements are disclosed herein. The disclosed techniques identify unoccupied seats within an organized seating arrangement, such as seats on an aircraft. Upgradable seats within the organized seating arrangement are determined based upon the unoccupied seats and the transformation capabilities of the seats. Upgradable seats are directly in front of or behind unoccupied seats, such that either the upgradable seat or the associated unoccupied seat is transformable to enable an upgrade. An occupant of a seat is selected for an upgrade associated with an upgradable seat and assigned the upgrade to enable the occupant to utilize a portion of the space associated with the unoccupied seat while sitting in the upgradable seat.

Abstract: A transformable seat assembly which includes a seat support structure and a seat connected to the seat support structure with a hinge. The hinge defines an axis of rotation. A back support structure connected to the seat support structure, which extends in an upward direction relative to the seat support structure. A back cushion is secured to the back support structure and a lumbar cushion extends along the back support structure positioned between the back cushion and the seat, wherein the lumbar cushion is releasably secured to one of the back cushion or the back support structure and an end portion of the seat positioned closer to the back support structure with the seat positioned in an occupant support position than the hinge, can rotate in a direction of rotation about the axis of rotation, which includes the upward direction and a direction away from the back support structure.

Abstract: Transformable seat assembly includes a seat support structure and a seat connected to the seat support structure with a first hinge having a first axis of rotation. A back support structure is connected to the seat support structure with the back support structure positioned on a back side portion of the seat support structure and the first hinge is positioned on an opposing front side portion of the seat support structure. A wall member having a first end portion connected to the back support structure with a second hinge having a second axis of rotation, wherein the seat is rotatable about the first axis of rotation from an occupant support position to a deployed position and the wall member is rotatable about the second axis of rotation from an overlying position with respect to the back support structure to the wall member extending away from the back support structure.

Abstract: Transformable seat assembly includes a seat support structure and back support structure connected with an axis of rotation. Actuator assembly includes a cylinder and a piston positioned within the cylinder. The cylinder is secured to one of the back support structure or the seat support structure and the piston is secured to other of the one of the back support structure or the seat support structure. With blocking member in a first position, the piston is permitted to travel between the blocking member and an end of the cylinder spaced apart from the blocking member, such that with the piston traveling to the end of the cylinder, rotation of back support structure is limited from rotating beyond a first reclined position and with blocking member in a second position, back support structure is permitted to rotate into an overlying position relative to the seat support structure.

Abstract: A washer assembly including a metallic washer and a polymer seal. The metallic washer defines a cylindrical void and an axis therethrough. The polymer seal is attached to the metallic washer and is positioned radially inward thereof. The polymer seal includes a lower seal portion positioned at least partially within the cylindrical void and defining a counter-bore, and an upper seal portion extending axially from the lower seal portion. The lower seal portion is configured to engage, at the counter-bore, a fastener to form a seal to reduce escape of energized particles. The upper seal portion is configured to engage a counter-bore of a counter-bored nut to form a seal inside the counter-bored nut to reduce escape of energized particles.

Abstract: A method of protecting an air vehicle against lightning strikes includes inserting a fastener through a hole in conjoined structures, the fastener defining an axis along its length and having a threaded end and a sleeve, and installing a washer assembly over the threaded end and the sleeve, the washer assembly having a metallic washer and a polymer seal radially inward of the metallic washer. The seal includes a lower seal portion defining a counter-bore, and an upper seal portion extending axially from the lower seal portion. The method includes installing a counter-bored nut on the threaded end, and applying torque to the nut to compress the lower seal portion against a surface of the conjoined structures and around the sleeve at the counter-bore of the seal, and to compress the upper seal portion of the seal into a counter-bore of the nut and around the threaded end.

Abstract: A dual protection inner seal washer employs a radially outward metallic portion having a dielectric coating and a radially inward polymeric portion engaging the metallic portion at an interface with an interference fit. The polymeric portion has at least one tapering compression surface to engage a surface of a structure proximate a hole and further has a fastener element contact surface to engage a mating surface on a fastener system element. Torqueing of the fastener element compresses the at least one compression surface inducing a predetermined pressure in the polymeric portion in a joint created by the fastener element and structure.

Abstract: A dual protection inner seal washer employs a radially outward metallic portion having a dielectric coating and a radially inward polymeric portion engaging the metallic portion at an interface with an interference fit. The polymeric portion has at least one tapering compression surface to engage a surface of a structure proximate a hole and further has a fastener element contact surface to engage a mating surface on a fastener system element. Torqueing of the fastener element compresses the at least one compression surface inducing a predetermined pressure in the polymeric portion in a joint created by the fastener element and structure.