Abstract: A system and method is described for identifying a photographic camera model from a photograph taking the form of a compressed image that has undergone post-acquisition processing and fulfilling a linear relationship between the expectation and the variance of the pixels, such that ?2ym,n=a?ym,n+b. The system includes an image processing device that can supply an analytical relationship between parameters (?, ?) from the model of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients and the parameters (a, b) of the camera in the form (I), such that the parameters (c, d) determine fingerprints that characterise a photographic camera model and depend on both the frequency (p, q) and parameters a and b. The system includes a device for carrying out statistical hypothesis tests on the DCT coefficients and a statistical analysis device for determining if the photograph was taken by the photographic camera model or by another photographic camera model.

Abstract: A system and method are described for identifying a photographic camera model from a photograph taking the form of an optionally TIFF-compressed image and fulfilling a relationship between the expectation and the variance of the pixels of the image. This relationship is dependent, inter alia, on two parameters, “c” and “d”, and these two parameters determine a fingerprint characterising the camera model. The system includes an image processing device that can process the photograph to estimate parameters “c” and “d”. The system also includes a device for carrying out statistical hypothesis tests on the distribution of the pixels of the photograph and a statistical analysis device for determining if the photograph was taken by the camera model by comparing the “c” and “d” parameters obtained from the photograph and the known “c” and “d” parameters of the camera model.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, an EDA application creates a physical PCell from a CAD database that relates the physical PCell to a collection of expected mask layers. The EDA application auto-places an identifying text label with the physical and converts the physical PCell and the text label to a format that represents the physical PCell and the text label as sequence of drawn layers. The EDA application generates an equation that performs transformational operations on the drawn layers to create a sequence of derived layers, where the sequence of derived layers defines a collection of logical mask layers. The EDA application executes the equation and compares a derived layer to the expected mask layers, if the derived layer interacts with the derived layer for the text label. If the compared derived layer varies from the expected mask layers, the EDA application reports a variance based on the text label.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a folding utility tool having a plurality of tools which nest within the handle of the utility tool. The tool has a handle consisting of a first side and a second side spaced apart by a plurality of spacers. The area between the first side and the second side of the handle provides a first recess within the handle above the spacers and a second recess below the spacers. A pair of pivots, one on each of the handle, allow a plurality of tools to be pivoted from a nested position between the handles to an extended position beyond the handles. The tools may include such conventional devices as knife blades and screwdriver blades. At least one of the tools, however, is a pair of locking pliers having a first jaw and a second jaw pivotable about one of the pivot points. The first jaw is lockable in an extended position while the second jaw is adjustable and pivots about the same pivot point as the first jaw.