Abstract: The invention is method, and an apparatus for performing the method having the steps of providing a workpiece, generating a plurality of free electrons at a region of the exterior surface, and machining a portion of the workpiece adjoining the first region by directing laser energy onto the workpiece.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an air duct assembly of a refrigerator, comprising: a main body, the main body being provided with an air inlet toward one side of the main body, a plurality of air outlets formed in areas of two sides of the main body, and an air-uniformizing partition plate provided on the main body and located above the air inlet, and the air-uniformizing partition plate divides the air entered from the air inlet into the areas of two sides of the main body and the air is discharged via the plurality of air outlets.

Abstract: A method for a first wireless communication system (INC) to share a spectrum resource with a second wireless communication system (MNO) uses a spectrum resource which may be divided into at least a first section (FS1) and a second section (FS2). The method may comprise the second wireless communication system (MNO) using the spectrum resource and the second wireless communication system (MNO) clearing at least the first section (FS1) of the spectrum resource from a first point in time (T1). The first wireless communication system (INC) may use the first section (FS1) of the spectrum resource from a second point in time (T2). The second point in time may be predetermined or may be determined by a request from the first wireless communication system (INC).

Abstract: Apparatus and techniques for laser-processing workpieces can be improved, and new functionalities can be provided. Some embodiments discussed relate to processing of workpieces in a manner resulting in enhanced accuracy, throughput, etc. Other embodiments relate to realtime Z-height measurement and, when suitable, compensation for certain Z-height deviations. Still other embodiments relate to modulation of scan patterns, beam characteristics, etc., to facilitate feature formation, avoid undesirable heat accumulation, or otherwise enhance processing throughput. A great number of other embodiments and arrangements are also detailed.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for maintaining encrypted search indexes on third party storage systems may include (1) identifying a plurality of encrypted files, (2) identifying a plurality of keywords contained in the plurality of encrypted files, and (3) generating an encrypted search index for searching the plurality of encrypted files by (i) identifying, for each keyword in the plurality of keywords, a list of encrypted files in the plurality of encrypted files that contain the keyword, (ii) encrypting the list of encrypted files, and (iii) storing the encrypted list of encrypted files such that the encrypted list of encrypted files can be identified using a lookup key generated by applying a pseudo-random function to the keyword. Various other methods, systems, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: A control system for plant-growing facilities can use growth plan templates representing programming for plant-growing devices performing automated operations and representing tasks for entry in a calendar and completion by a workforce of the plant-growing facilities. The growth plan templates may be authored or traded and may be modified based on data collect during instances in which the growth plan is used to grow batches of plants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wireless access telecommunications system comprising at least an SA-cell with which a terminal in an active mode is configured to have a data connection and an LA-cell on which the terminal in an idle mode is configured to camp. A method for the terminal to at least obtain LA-cell system information and SA-cell system information includes, when the terminal is in the active mode and an SA-cell radio interface of the terminal is enabled, the terminal receiving at least a part of the SA-cell system information for the terminal from the SA-cell via the SA-cell radio interface. The method further includes enabling an LA-cell radio interface of the terminal during one or more of a plurality of LA time periods and receiving at least a part of the LA-cell system information for the terminal from the LA-cell via the LA-cell radio interface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a random access procedure for establishment of a data connection between a terminal and a SA-cell in an energy-efficient network, such as e.g. a BCG2 network, wherein the total session setup time is shortened. An information request message (IRM) transmission from the mobile terminal is used for selecting the SA-cell that will serve the mobile terminal (i.e. set-up a data session with this SA-cell) and is simultaneously used for performing a ‘contention-free-like’ random-access procedure towards all candidate SA-cells. In this way performing a RACHSA procedure after selecting a SA cell becomes unnecessary, the random access time is shortened and the uplink resources (at the selected SA-cell) and the uplink transmissions from the terminal are more effectively used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a telecommunications system comprising at least a plurality of SA-cells. The invention provides a method for a terminal to facilitate establishment of a data connection between the terminal and at least one of the SA-cells. The method includes steps of, while the terminal is in an idle mode, the terminal transmitting an information request message (IRM) for the plurality of SA-cells and receiving, from each SA-cell of one or more SA-cells of the plurality of SA-cells, a message comprising at least information indicative of a strength with which the each SA-cell received the IRM. The method further includes the step of, at least partially based on the messages received from the one or more SA-cells, the terminal selecting an SA-cell of the plurality of SA-cells for establishing the data connection between the terminal and the selected SA-cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a random access procedure for establishment of a data connection between a terminal and a SA-cell in an energy-efficient network, such as e.g. a BCG2 network, wherein the total session setup time is shortened. An information request message (IRM) transmission from the mobile terminal is used for selecting the SA-cell that will serve the mobile terminal (i.e. set-up a data session with this SA-cell) and is simultaneously used for performing a ‘contention-free-like’ random-access procedure towards all candidate SA-cells. In this way performing a RACHSA procedure after selecting a SA cell becomes unnecessary, the random access time is shortened and the uplink resources (at the selected SA-cell) and the uplink transmissions from the terminal are more effectively used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a telecommunications system comprising at least a plurality of SA-cells. The invention provides a method for a terminal to facilitate establishment of a data connection between the terminal and at least one of the SA-cells. The method includes steps of, while the terminal is in an idle mode, the terminal transmitting an information request message (IRM) for the plurality of SA-cells and receiving, from each SA-cell of one or more SA-cells of the plurality of SA-cells, a message comprising at least information indicative of a strength with which the each SA-cell received the IRM. The method further includes the step of, at least partially based on the messages received from the one or more SA-cells, the terminal selecting an SA-cell of the plurality of SA-cells for establishing the data connection between the terminal and the selected SA-cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a direct laser writing fabrication method and system for devices having periodic refractive index modulation structures, for example, Bragg gratings. By focusing a modulated pulsed laser beam into a transparent material substrate, a path of laser modified volumes can be formed with modified refractive index compared with the unprocessed material. Modulation of exposure conditions provides periodic or modified periodic waveguide structures such that the waveguide structures exhibit grating responses and can be used for a variety of optical applications, for example, as spectral filters, Bragg reflectors, grating couplers, grating sensors, or other devices.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for separating substrates are disclosed, as are articles formed from the separated substrates. A method of separating a substrate having first and second surfaces includes directing a beam of laser light to pass through the first surface and, thereafter, to pass through the second surface. The beam of laser light has a beam waist located at a surface of the substrate or outside the substrate. Relative motion between the beam of laser light and the substrate is caused to scan a spot on a surface of the substrate to be scanned along a guide path. Portions of the substrate illuminated within the spot absorb light within the beam of laser light so that the substrate can be separated along the guide path.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for separating substrates are disclosed, as are articles formed from the separated substrates. A method of separating a substrate having first and second surfaces includes directing a beam of laser light to pass through the first surface and, thereafter, to pass through the second surface. The beam of laser light has a beam waist located at a surface of the substrate or outside the substrate. Relative motion between the beam of laser light and the substrate is caused to scan a spot on a surface of the substrate to be scanned along a guide path. Portions of the substrate illuminated within the spot absorb light within the beam of laser light so that the substrate can be separated along the guide path.

Abstract: A method is configured for controlling access of nodes to at least two coexisting wireless communication systems, which coexisting wireless communication systems are configured to share a frequency spectrum in a common coverage area. Each node is configured to access at least one wireless communication system in dependence of at least one access parameter. The common coverage area is divided into at least two zones, while each node in the common coverage area is associated with at least one zone.

Abstract: One or more wireless communication systems may coexist at about the same geographical location and be configured to access the same radio channel. The coexistence of these systems may cause collisions and degrade throughput. Although countermeasures, such as reserving airtime with a resource assignment, may be taken to avoid collisions, these countermeasures are degrading throughput as well. The reserved airtime is reduced by adding a start time to the resource assignment. The reduced airtime may be used by others for performing a transmission, thus increasing the throughput and efficiency of the access to the radio channel.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for separating substrates are disclosed, as are articles formed from the separated substrates. A method of separating a substrate having first and second surfaces includes directing a beam of laser light to pass through the first surface and, thereafter, to pass through the second surface. The beam of laser light has a beam waist located at a surface of the substrate or outside the substrate. Relative motion between the beam of laser light and the substrate is caused to scan a spot on a surface of the substrate to be scanned along a guide path. Portions of the substrate illuminated within the spot absorb light within the beam of laser light so that the substrate can be separated along the guide path.

Abstract: Provided are methods and systems for dynamically design of an insurance products, data accessing of insurance-related data elements and premium calculations. By creating a configurable and extendable basic data template for an insurance product, in which the number and sequence of the modules in the template, the levels of the modules as well as the relationship between modules are configurable, a variety of insurance products can be formulated through diverse configurations and/or extensions of modules, levels and relationships when facing to different requirements. The technicians are able to design an insurance product meeting a specific requirement in a more fast and convenient way by the dynamic (in contrast to static) methods provided by the present invention without the need of modifications or changes of the code of an insurance product.

Abstract: Provided are methods and systems for dynamically design of an insurance products, data accessing of insurance-related data elements and premium calculations. By creating a configurable and extendable basic data template for an insurance product, in which the number and sequence of the modules in the template, the levels of the modules as well as the relationship between modules are configurable, a variety of insurance products can be formulated through diverse configurations and/or extensions of modules, levels and relationships when facing to different requirements. The technicians are able to design an insurance product meeting a specific requirement in a more fast and convenient way by the dynamic (in contrast to static) methods provided by the present invention without the need of modifications or changes of the code of an insurance product.

Abstract: Provided are methods and systems for dynamically design of an insurance products, data accessing of insurance-related data elements and premium calculations. By creating a configurable and extendable basic data template for an insurance product, in which the number and sequence of the modules in the template, the levels of the modules as well as the relationship between modules are configurable, a variety of insurance products can be formulated through diverse configurations and/or extensions of modules, levels and relationships when facing to different requirements. The technicians are able to design an insurance product meeting a specific requirement in a more fast and convenient way by the dynamic (in contrast to static) methods provided by the present invention without the need of modifications or changes of the code of an insurance product.