Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a composition for increasing cognitive function.

Abstract: Disclosed are a motor control apparatus and a motor control method. Specifically, the motor control apparatus includes an inverter part configured to convert a direct current (DC) input into an alternating current (AC) output and provide the AC output to the motor, and a controller configured to control the inverter part in relation to driving of the motor, and the controller controls the inverter part to apply a first pattern voltage having the same phase to the motor and then apply a second pattern voltage having different phases to the motor.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode display according to an exemplary embodiment includes: a substrate; a first buffer layer on the substrate; a first semiconductor layer on the first buffer layer; a first gate insulating layer on the first semiconductor layer; a first gate electrode and a blocking layer on the first gate insulating layer; a second buffer layer on the first gate electrode; a second semiconductor layer on the second buffer layer; a second gate insulating layer on the second semiconductor layer; and a second gate electrode on the second gate insulating layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a printed circuit board includes providing an insulating layer, forming a plating seed layer on the insulating layer, forming a first circuit pattern on the plating seed layer and a second circuit pattern on the first circuit pattern, and forming a top metal layer on the second circuit pattern. The second circuit pattern can be thinner than the first circuit pattern, and the top metal layer can be wider than the second circuit pattern.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes an insulating layer, a circuit pattern on the insulating layer, and a surface treatment layer on the circuit pattern. The surface treatment layer includes a bottom surface having a width wider than a width of a top surface of the circuit pattern.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes an insulating layer, a circuit pattern on the insulating layer, and a surface treatment layer on the circuit pattern. The surface treatment layer includes a bottom surface having a width wider than a width of a top surface of the circuit pattern.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes an insulating layer, a circuit pattern on the insulating layer, and a surface treatment layer on the circuit pattern. The surface treatment layer includes a bottom surface having a width wider than a width of a top surface of the circuit pattern.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes an insulating layer, a circuit pattern on the insulating layer, and a surface treatment layer on the circuit pattern. The surface treatment layer includes a bottom surface having a width wider than a width of a top surface of the circuit pattern.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes an insulating layer, a circuit pattern on the insulating layer, and a surface treatment layer on the circuit pattern. The surface treatment layer includes a bottom surface having a width wider than a width of a top surface of the circuit pattern.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes an insulating layer, a circuit pattern on the insulating layer, and a surface treatment layer on the circuit pattern. The surface treatment layer includes a bottom surface having a width wider than a width of a top surface of the circuit pattern.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a printed circuit board includes providing an insulating layer, forming a plating seed layer on the insulating layer, forming a first circuit pattern on the plating seed layer and a second circuit pattern on the first circuit pattern, and forming a top metal layer on the second circuit pattern. The second circuit pattern can be thinner than the first circuit pattern, and the top metal layer can be wider than the second circuit pattern.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a printed circuit board includes providing an insulating layer, forming a plating seed layer on the insulating layer, forming a first circuit pattern on the plating seed layer and a second circuit pattern on the first circuit pattern, and forming a top metal layer on the second circuit pattern. The second circuit pattern can be thinner than the first circuit pattern, and the top metal layer can be wider than the second circuit pattern.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes an insulating layer, a circuit pattern on the insulating layer, and a surface treatment layer on the circuit pattern. The surface treatment layer includes a bottom surface having a width wider than a width of a top surface of the circuit pattern.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes an insulating layer, a circuit pattern on the insulating layer, and a surface treatment layer on the circuit pattern. The surface treatment layer includes a bottom surface having a width wider than a width of a top surface of the circuit pattern.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes an insulating layer, a circuit pattern on the insulating layer, and a surface treatment layer on the circuit pattern. The surface treatment layer includes a bottom surface having a width wider than a width of a top surface of the circuit pattern.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes: an insulating layer; a plating seed layer disposed on the insulating layer; a circuit pattern layer disposed on the plating seed layer and formed of copper (Cu); and a surface treatment layer disposed on the circuit pattern layer and formed of gold (Au), wherein the circuit pattern layer includes a corner portion of an upper portion which has a curvature, and wherein the corner portion of the circuit pattern layer is a boundary surface between the top surface and a side surface of the circuit pattern layer, and the boundary surface has a concavely curved surface.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes: an insulating layer; a plating seed layer disposed on the insulating layer; a circuit pattern layer disposed on the plating seed layer and formed of copper (Cu); and a surface treatment layer disposed on the circuit pattern layer and formed of gold (Au), wherein the circuit pattern layer includes a corner portion of an upper portion which has a curvature, and wherein the corner portion of the circuit pattern layer is a boundary surface between the top surface and a side surface of the circuit pattern layer, and the boundary surface has a concavely curved surface.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes: an insulating layer; a plating seed layer disposed on the insulating layer; a circuit pattern layer disposed on the plating seed layer and formed of copper (Cu); and a surface treatment layer disposed on the circuit pattern layer and formed of gold (Au), wherein a width of a bottom surface of the surface treatment layer is narrower than a width of a top surface of the plating seed layer, wherein the bottom surface of the surface treatment layer includes: a first portion contacted with the circuit pattern layer; and a second portion non contacted with the circuit pattern layer, and wherein a width of a top surface of the circuit pattern layer is narrower than a width of a bottom surface of the circuit pattern layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a printed circuit board and a method of manufacturing the printed circuit board. The printed circuit board includes an insulating layer, and a circuit pattern formed on the insulating layer, wherein the circuit pattern includes a first circuit pattern formed on the insulating layer and including a corner portion of an upper portion which has a predetermined curvature and a second circuit pattern formed on the first circuit pattern and configured to cover an upper surface of the first circuit pattern including the corner portion.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes: an insulating layer; a plating seed layer disposed on the insulating layer; a circuit pattern layer disposed on the plating seed layer and formed of copper (Cu); and a surface treatment layer disposed on the circuit pattern layer and formed of gold (Au), wherein a width of a bottom surface of the surface treatment layer is narrower than a width of a top surface of the plating seed layer, wherein the bottom surface of the surface treatment layer includes: a first portion contacted with the circuit pattern layer; and a second portion non contacted with the circuit pattern layer, and wherein a width of a top surface of the circuit pattern layer is narrower than a width of a bottom surface of the circuit pattern layer.