Abstract: Provided is a method performed by a least one computing device for a message service. The method comprises receiving a transmission request for a compound message which is a bundled message comprising a parent message and a plurality of child messages, obtaining permission information for a sender of the compound message, determining whether to allow each of the child messages to be sent based on the permission information and controlling transmission of the compound message based on the determination result.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reference voltage signal generator capable of generating a constant reference voltage signal regardless of temperature variation by compensating a voltage signal change due to temperature variation. The reference voltage signal generator includes: a voltage signal generating unit receiving a power supply voltage signal and generating a first voltage signal; a regulation sense amplifier generating a regulation voltage signal by regulating the first voltage signal according to the variation of the power supply voltage signal; and a voltage distributing unit including a variable resistor for compensating a voltage signal variation according to a change in temperature, wherein the voltage distributing unit distributes the regulation voltage signal and outputs a feedback voltage signal dependent on temperature to the regulation sense amplifier, and a reference voltage signal independent of the temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reference voltage signal generator capable of generating a constant reference voltage signal regardless of the temperature variation by compensating voltage signal change due to the temperature variation. The reference voltage signal generator includes: a voltage signal generating unit receiving a power supply voltage signal and generating a first voltage signal; a regulation sense amplifier generating a regulation voltage signal by regulating the first voltage signal according to the variation of the power supply voltage signal; and a voltage distributing unit including a variable resistor for compensating a voltage signal variation according to a change of temperature, wherein the voltage distributing unit distributes the regulation voltage signal and outputs a feedback voltage signal dependent on a temperature to the regulation sense amplifier and a reference voltage signal independent of the temperature.

Abstract: The bias level generation circuit in a flash memory device comprises a first inverter for inverting an enable signal, a first switching element switched depending on the output signal from the first inverter, a charge pump for generating a pump-out voltage necessary when generating a bias level depending on the power supply send via the first switching element and the enable signal, a bias switch circuit for preventing oscillation of the pump-out voltage in order to generate a bias level for use in the programming or the programming verification of a cell, depending on a program signal, and a regulator for making the voltage generated in the bias switch circuit being a bias level suitable for the programming or the programming verification of the cell, by setting a specific path current depending on the program signal.