Abstract: A circuit arrangement has a crypto unit which provides at least one cryptographic function. An access monitoring interface is also provided in order to check an access request from an application computer program to a cryptographic function of the crypto unit. The access monitoring interface is designed such that it checks whether the application computer program is authorized to access the cryptographic function, and the cryptographic function is called only if it is authorized to do so.

Abstract: A supply system for low-voltage switchgear is disclosed, including an assembly device, for the assembly of at least one electromechanical switchgear, in an assembly plane, whereby the switchgear includes housing openings on at least one first side of the switchgear and at least one busbar, arranged such that the housing openings of the assembled switchgear essentially lie in the orthogonal direction to the assembly plane, between the busbar and the assembly plane. In at least one embodiment of the invention, a compact and secure supply system may be provided, whereby first device for keeping the housing openings clear are arranged between the busbar and the assembly plane.

Abstract: The invention relates to an independent wheel suspension for the rear wheels of motor vehicles, having a wheel support which is hinge-connected to at least one upper and one lower control arm, the lower control arm being connected by way of two more or less horizontal arm bearings forming pivot axes on the body of the motor vehicle and on the wheel support and a guide arm of the wheel support to another bearing, and also having a bearing spring resting on the wheel support and a more or less vertically oriented telescopic shock absorber.

Abstract: A system and method for eye examination by scanning light scattered from an area of the retina and projecting light into the eye includes a scanner, a receiver unit, and a projection unit. The scanner is constructed and arranged to scan an area on the retina. The receiver unit is optically coupled to the scanner and constructed and arranged to capture light scattered back from the area of the retina. The projection unit is constructed to generate and optically couple a light configuration to the scanner for delivering the light configuration into the eye relative to the area of the retina, wherein the scanner, the receiver unit and the projection unit are cooperatively designed to analyse a patient's sight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a air spring (10) having a rolling bellows (12) secured to a rolldown tube (16), one surface of which (rolldown surface) of which rolling bellows (12) comes into contact with an associated surface (contact surface) of the rolldown tube (16) area by area with increasing compression of the air spring (10). The invention is characterized in that the contact surface of the rolldown tube (16) is in the form of a spring element (26).

Abstract: A vacuum contactor includes a stationary contact and a moving contact, which can be moved in order to produce a current-carrying connection. In order to guide the moving contact during its movement in the enclosure, at least one guide element, which can be moved in a groove, is provided on the moving contact.

Abstract: A system and method for eye examination by scanning light scattered from an area of the retina and projecting light into the eye includes a scanner, a receiver unit, and a projection unit. The scanner is constructed and arranged to scan an area on the retina. The receiver unit is optically coupled to the scanner and constructed and arranged to capture light scattered back from the area of the retina. The projection unit is constructed to generate and optically couple a light configuration to the scanner for delivering the light configuration into the eye relative to the area of the retina, wherein the scanner, the receiver unit and the projection unit are cooperatively designed to analyse a patient's sight.

Abstract: Method for receiving carrier oscillations modulated with a useful signal. For a universal transmitting/receiving device, a method for the automatic adaptation of its modem to the type of modulation of the incoming signal is provided in which the incoming DPSK signal is first demodulated. The demodulator output signal is then converted into a polar co-ordinate representation and, after formation of the difference phase angle (.DELTA..phi.), its value frequency (H) is represented modulo 90.degree. in a histogram which can be evaluated for derivation of the control information.

Abstract: A circuit for electronically synthesizing speech has an audio generator for representing voiced sounds and a noise generator for representing voiceless sounds and a means for selecting significant parameters of the various speech elements by sampling and a means for storing those parameters. The circuit also includes a filter unit comprised of a number of individual filters and a means for selectively driving only those individual filters having filter coefficients necessary for representing the significant parameters of the particular speech element to be synthesized. The filters can be utilized individually or combined into selected groups in order to generate longer speech segments. The electronic signal at the output of the filter unit is edited for acoustically reproducing the desired speech elements and segments.

Abstract: A differential digital modulation and demodulation system with an analog signal-dependent sampling clock has a sampling clock-controlled first digital modulator and a predictably functioning second digital modulator, an analog signal to be converted to a digital signal being supplied to both modulators. A control signal for the sampling clock generator for the first digital modulator is generated from a tracking error signal of the second digital modulator, so that the clock frequency of the first digital modulator is increased upon an increasing tracking error and is decreased upon a decreasing tracking error. For digital signal transmission or storage, the digital signal bits are emitted by the modulator and received by the demodulator in the form of signal blocks which include a bit group indicating the respective sampling clock frequency in encoded form. Only one signal block indicating the pause length in encoded form is emitted or received for a particular analog signal pause.