Abstract: New combination carrier granulars are disclosed which comprise a granular carrier material having a compact surface and having applied thereto at least one liquid biocidally active compound, at least one solid biocidally active compound, polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl alcohol. These combination carrier granules exhibit unexpectedly better activity than prior art materials and have unexpectly high abrasion resistance.

Abstract: Process for preparing granules of water-insoluble solids, characterized in that a non-thixotropic press or filter cake of the solid is comminuted by cutting and the product obtained is dried while in rolling motion in a dryer for pourable solids.

Abstract: The lyotropic, liquid-crystalline, aqueous phase of a reactive dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## wherein M.sym. represents H.sym. or an alkali metal cation (preferably Na.sym., K.sym. or Li.sym.) andR is a fibre-reactive groupingpresent in water at room temperature in a concentration of 10-25%, if appropriate in the presence of concentration-increasing additives and/or buffer substances, is highly suitable for preparing dyebaths and print pastes for application to natural and synthetic substrates, in particular cotton, wool, regenerated cellulose, paper and leather.

Abstract: Leather dyeing agents, which can be obtained by concentrating, by means of a membrane separation process, the mother liquors, which are produced in the salting-out process in the preparation of organic dyestuffs which are water-soluble or which contain groups imparting water-solubility, the mother liquors having an extinction in the absorption maximum which is .gtoreq.500, with a layer thickness of 10 cm, and by drying the concentrate, if appropriate.

Abstract: Solid formulations of organic dyestuffs, or of optical brighteners, characterized in that they contain a mixture of(a) 70-90% by weight of a mineral oil,(b) 0.5-10% by weight of an amide of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents C.sub.10 -C.sub.22 -alkyl or -alkenyl,R.sub.1 represents H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, or the two R.sub.1 's together represent a 1,2-ethylene bridge andR.sub.2 represents ##STR2## alkylene, and R.sub.3 represents H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or phenyl,(c) 0.5-15% by weight of a non-ionic surface-active agent and(d) 0-8% by weight of a cationic or anionic surface-active agent,and processes for the production of low-dust and low-foam solid dyestuff formulations.

Abstract: Highly concentrated liquid preparations of disperse dyestuffs are obtained with a low consumption of energy by first adding a dispersing agent to the water-moist dyestuff press-cake to convert it into a form in which it is capable of flow, subjecting this product to wet grinding and increasing the dyestuff content of the resulting, insufficiently concentrated dispersion in a second step by means of a membrane separation process, for example pressure permeation.

Abstract: Chemical reaction products, obtained in an alkaline medium and which require the addition of a dispersing agent, are neutralized by addition of a free surface-active acid to which, after its preparation, basic agents have not been added or have only been added up to a pH value of 3.

Abstract: Liquid finished formulations which are stable to storage and hydrolysis and are based on the lyotropic liquid crystal aqueous phase of the dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## in water in a concentration of 12-35% at room temperature are outstandingly suitable for the preparation of dyebaths and printing pastes for dyeing cotton, wool, regenerated cellulose, paper and leather.

Abstract: Liquid finished formulations which are stable to storage and hydrolysis and are based on the lyotropic liquid crystal aqueous phase of the dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## which is present in water in a concentration of 23-35% at room temperature, are outstandingly suitable for the preparation of dyebaths and printing pastes for dyeing cotton, wool, regenerated cellulose, paper and leather.

Abstract: Process for the production of granular mixtures of vat dyestuffs and/or disperse dyestuffs, characterized in that liquid or pasty, finished formulations of two or more vat dyestuffs and/or disperse dyestuffs are spray-dried together to form granules.

Abstract: In an apparatus for drying solutions, dispersions or suspensions, distributor elements are moved by a central rotable installation between parallel planes. As the planes are not perpendicular to the axial shaft, the edges of the distributor elements touch and stroke over the whole surface of the heat exchanger. A self-cleaning effect of the inner surface of the drying apparatus is guaranteed. In a preferred embodiment the distributor elements are cylindrical.

Abstract: Dyestuff formulations which contain anionic, water-soluble dyestuffs or developable dyestuffs and salts of diaryl ether-sulphonic acids are suitable for the preparation of padding liquors, dyebaths and printing pastes.

Abstract: Sifting is improved by the installation of one or more nozzles in the longitudinal axis of a drier. A spray-dried granulate is thereby substantially freed from dust. The effect of heat on low melting products is reduced by cooling the gas.

Abstract: Dyestuff dispersions and dyestuff solutions free from salt or at least having a low salt content are obtained in that the diazotization is carried out with addition of free dispersing agent acid to which, after the synthesis, either no basic agents are added or basic agents are added only up to a pH value of 3. The disclosed process gives dyestuff compositions of low salt content and results in readily dispersible dyestuffs when water insoluble dyestuffs are prepared and stable solutions when water soluble dyestuffs are prepared. The process is widely applicable and chemical constitution of the dyestuffs is conventional.

Abstract: Organic pigments which provide an opaque color impression in binders and exhibit adequate flow properties in binders are obtained from pigments which provide a transparent color impression in binders in a simple way in that an azeotrope-forming agent which is appropriate for the liquid adhering to the pigment is added to the moist pigment obtained after the preparation, and the azeotropic mixture and any excess solvent which may be present are then distilled off.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of pigment preparations by comminution in the presence of surface-active agents which can be saponified under acid or alkaline conditions and which contain at least one group which confers solubility in a radical which is to be split off during the saponification.

Abstract: Pressing of uniform shape and uniform weight of disperse dyestuffs and optical brightening agents with a solubility in water less than 0.5% at 20.degree.C which are suitable for an automate metering step and which disintegrate in aqueous dye baths to give dispersions are manufactured by compressing the dyestuff or brightening agent, an anionic dispersing agent and a solid water-soluble mould release agent which gives a neutral to weakly alkaline reaction in water.