Abstract: A new finished feed for domestic pets is proposed, containing at least one guanidinoacetic acid component as the active component with regard to nutritional physiology. The new finished feed which preferably has a water content of >8% by weight, can be produced in an extremely economical manner, wherein the main component has a significantly higher stability during passage through the gastrointestinal tract and is therefore only converted into creatine under physiological conditions. For this reason the guanidinoacetic acid is also utilized to a high degree by the target group which is in particular cats and dogs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing postcrosslinked water-absorbing polymeric formations, comprising the steps of contacting water-absorbing polymeric formations P1 obtained by polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated acid-functional monomers or salts thereof in the presence of a crosslinker with a fluid F1 comprising a postcrosslinker, heating the water-absorbing polymeric formations in contact with the fluid F1 to a temperature in a range from 40 to 300° C. to obtain postcrosslinked water-absorbing polymeric formations P2, the water-absorbing polymeric formations P1 having a thermal stability, as determined in accordance with the test method described herein, of less than 3.0%.

Abstract: The present invention provides new salts and/or addition compounds and/or complex compounds of guanidinoacetic acid with malic acid, aspartic acid, ascorbic acid, succinic acid, pyruvic acid, fumaric acid, gluconic acid, ?-ketoglutaric acid, oxalic acid, pyroglutamic acid, 3-nicotinic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, taurine, betaine, choline, methionine and lipoic acid as well as in the form of sodium, potassium or calcium guanidinoacetate. These salts have improved physiological and therapeutic properties and are particularly suitable for use as dietary supplements, as animal feeds and in cosmetic or dermatological preparations in which especially the marked stability and good bioavailability of the salts come to the fore.

Abstract: 1,2-diols can be obtained in good yields and in very high purity by a process of a) reacting a carbonyl compound of the general formula (I) with hydrocyanic acid to give the corresponding cyanohydrin, wherein R1 and R2 are each independently H, an optionally substituted straight-chain or branched C1-C18-alkyl radical, or an optionally substituted phenyl or C5-C6-cycloalkyl radical, b) subjecting the cyanohydrin obtained in process step a) to an acidic hydrolysis, and c) catalytically hydrogenating the 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid obtained from process step b) in the presence of a noble metal catalyst comprising ruthenium and rhenium.

Abstract: What is claimed is a process for preparing amino- or hydroxybenzonitriles, in which, in the course of an ammonolysis, the corresponding amino- or hydroxybenzoic acid compounds are reacted with ammonia in the presence of a supported catalyst comprising phosphate at temperatures between 250° C. and 500° C. The actual preparation step is performed in a reaction gas (mixture) and without involvement of an organic solvent, and is followed by an at least 2-stage purification step. In this purification step, the gaseous mixture obtained from the preparation step is first converted to an aqueous basic suspension and then the product present in the solid is released from this suspension. The main advantage of this combination process is that the starting materials are not esters, which is why the resulting products, in contrast to the processes which are otherwise customary, are free of the by-products which are otherwise customary, which leads to a high product purity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of guanidinoacetic acid and/or salts thereof as feed additive, in predominantly vegetarian diets, in particular use being made of salts with hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and phosphoric acid. The use proceeds especially in individual doses from 0.01 to 100 g/kg of feed in the form of powders, granules, pastilles or capsules, the feed additive also being able to be used in combination with other physiologically active materials of value. The claimed use which is suitable especially for breeding and growing livestock, has recourse to a compound which is in particular stable in aqueous solution, can be converted to creatine under physiological conditions, and, in contrast to other guanidine derivatives, is completely available to physiological sectors of use.

Abstract: Physiological strengthening agents in the form of nutritional supplements, feed additives or in cosmetic preparations in the non-medicinal field of application, as well as plant stimulating agents is the use of guanidine compounds of the general formula (I) or their salts, especially creatinol, creatinol-O-phosphate or one of their salts with aspartic acid, ascorbic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, acetic acid or phosphoric acid. R1 and R2 can be organic or inorganic compounds, such as, phosphate, sulfate, acetyl, formyl, methyl, ethyl or propyl. The compounds are as nutritional supplements, for, e.g. human being in the fields of education, sports, reconvalescence or geriatrics. They can also be used use as animal feed additives.

Abstract: This free-flowing, powdery composition containing ?-lipoic acid (derivatives) is distinguished by comprising, besides the lipoic acid component, from 0.1 to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of a hydrophilic or hydrophobic silica-based flow aid which has a particle size (×100 value) of <800 ?m and a tamped density of from 50 to 600 g/l. The lipoic acid component is moreover not confined to the free acid form, but may also be at least partly in the form of its salts. Preferred flow aids are spray-dried precipitated silicas and/or highly dispersed silicas and/or amorphous silica gels. Besides the particle size and the tamped density, the flow aid employed may also be characterized by its specific surface area, which preferably ought to be between 30 and 1000 m2/g, or by the fact that the flow aid brings about a pH of between 3 and 11.5 in a concentration of 5% in aqueous solution.

Abstract: Physiological strengthening agents in the form of nutritional supplements, feed additives or in cosmetic preparations in the non-medicinal field of application, as well as plant stimulating agents is the use of guanidine compounds of the general formula (I) or their salts, especially creatinol, creatinol-O-phosphate or one of their salts with aspartic acid, ascorbic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, acetic acid or phosphoric acid. R1 and R2 can be organic or inorganic compounds, such as, phosphate, sulfate, acetyl, formyl, methyl, ethyl or propyl. The compounds are as nutritional supplements, for, e.g. human being in the fields of education, sports, reconvalescence or geriatrics. They can also be used use as animal feed additives.

Abstract: A novel route is described for the synthesis of N-methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(2-thienyl)propylamine IV, which can be used as a starting compound for the preparation of duloxetine. N-methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(2-thienyl)propylamine is synthesized via novel thiophene derivatives containing carbamate groups, I and IIa, as intermediates.

Abstract: A molecular weight-enlarged, homogeneously soluble ligand, useful in catalysts, particularly for the synthesis of enantiomerically enriched organic compounds, includes: a weight average molecular weight of at least 1000 g/mol; a molecular weight-enlarging polymer; optionally, a polymer linker; and at least one homochiral active center; wherein the active center is bound to the molecular weight-enlarging polymer through the polymer linker or is bound directly to the molecular weight-enlarging polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of compounds of formula (I): from the corresponding hydantoins by means of an enzymatic process. The L-compound is preferably formed.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of catalysts comprising the structures of general formulas (I), (II) or (III), for the asymmetric cleavage of anhydrides.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the separation of enantiomers of racemates of formula (I). The separation proceeds by applying deemed racemates to continuos enantioselective chromatography like SMB. The methods predominantly is performed for industrial scale production of pure enantiomers of deemed amino acids which are useful intermediates in organic synthesis.

Abstract: The invention relates to catalysts for the enantioselective aldol or Mannich reaction. Said catalysts have an increased molecular weight by being bound to a polymer and as active units that enantioselectively catalyse the aldol or Mannich reaction comprise a compound of general formula (I). The invention also relates to a method for the production and use of said catalysts.

Abstract: A method for separation of enantiomers of a lactam represented by formula (I): where n and m are each, independently, 0, 1, 2, or 3; P is H or an N-protecting group; and the dotted line represents an optional double bond, by liquid chromatographing the mixture on a chiral stationary phase, where said stationary phase is derivitized with at least one sugar derivative, with an eluent which comprises acetonitrile.

Abstract: Molecular weight-enlarged, homogeneously soluble ligands are provided that are especially useful for hydrogenation catalysts, wherein the ligands contain homochiral active centers of bis(3,4-diarylphosphinyl)pyrrolidines, and their use in producing cataylsts for enantioselective reactions, as well as the catalysts thus produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a molecular weight-enlarged, homogeneously soluble ligand, which includes: an average molecular weight of at least 1000 g/mol; a molecular weight-enlarging polymer; optionally, a linker; and at least one homochiral active center; wherein the active center is bound to the molecular weight-enlarging polymer through the linker or is bound directly to the molecular weight-enlarging polymer, methods of preparing, catalysts containing same, and methods of using same.

Abstract: Enantiomerically enriched N-acylated &bgr;-amino acids are synthesized by catalytic enantioselective hydrogenation of E-isomers and Z-isomers of 3-amino acrylic acid derivatives in the presence of a catalysts of formula (I)

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of compounds of formula (I): 1