Abstract: Novel benzofuranylbiphenyl compounds of the formula ##STR1## which are unsubstituted or polysubstituted by radicals R=hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, halogen, phenoxy and benzyloxy and in which M is hydrogen and/or one equivalent of a non-chromophoric cation and n is the number zero, 1 or 2 and m is the number zero or 1, subject to the condition that n and m are not both zero, and the preparation and use thereof as fluorescent brighteners, for example for textiles and paper. The novel benzofuranylbiphenyl compounds are distinguished by their very good stability associated with excellent whitening properties.

Abstract: Novel dibenzofuranylbiphenyl compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## which are unsubstituted or are monosubstituted or polysubstituted by radicals R=hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, halogen, phenoxy and benzyloxy and in which R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, halogen or phenyl and M is hydrogen and/or one equivalent of a non-chromophoric cation and the preparation and use thereof for fluorescent whitening are described.

Abstract: Novel dibenzofuranylbiphenyl compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## which are unsubstituted or are monosubstituted or polysubstituted by radicals R=hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, halogen, phenoxy and benzyloxy and in which R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, halogen or phenyl and M is hydrogen and/or one equivalent of a non-chromophoric cation and the preparation and use thereof for fluorescent whitening are described.

Abstract: The invention relates to pyrazoline compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently of the other methyl, ethyl or hydroxyethyl, R.sub.4 is hydrogen or chlorine, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each independently of the other hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.7 is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl, n is 0 or 1, with the proviso that, if n is 0 and R.sub.4 to R.sub.7 are hydrogen, R.sub.2 is methyl and R.sub.3 is hydroxyethyl, and X.sup..crclbar. is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkanoate, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanephosphonate, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanesulfonate, phosphite, sulfamate or glycolate anion and, if R.sub.1 is methyl, X.sup..crclbar. is also a methosulfate, chloride or bromide ion, to the preparation of said compounds, to the use thereof as fluorescent whitening agents, and to novel hydrazine intermediates of formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are methyl, ethyl or hydroxyethyl, and the acetone hydrazones and salts thereof.

Abstract: Novel 1,4-distyrylbenzene compounds of the formula ##STR1## and mixtures thereof with compounds of the formulae ##STR2## and/or ##STR3## in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl, R.sub.2 is cyano, COOC.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or chlorine and R.sub.3 is hydrogen or chlorine, agents for the fluorescent brightening of polyester fibers and a process for the preparation of the compounds of the formula 1 or mixtures thereof with compounds of the formulae 2 and/or 3 and also novel aldehydes which can be isolated as intermediates.

Abstract: Mixtures of fluorescent whitening agents consisting of 51 to 99% by weight of 1-(4-cyanostyryl)-4-(3'-styryl)benzene, 49 to 1% by weight of 1-(4-cyanostyryl)-4-(2'-cyanostyryl)benzene and 0.5 to 5% by weight of 1,4-bis(cyanostyryl)benzene, a process for the preparation of said mixtures by condensing terephthalaldehyde with a 4-dialkylphosphonomethylbenzonitrile to 4-cyano-4'-formylstilbene, which is further condensed, either direct or after isolation, with a 3- and 2-dialkylphosphonomethylbenzonitrile, the use of these mixtures for whitening polyester fibres, and compositions containing said mixtures for whitening polyester fibres.

Abstract: Detergents which, in addition to inorganic and/or organic peracids, contain specific stilbene compounds as fluorescent whitening agents. These detergents are stable for several months and already show the customary cleaning properties at washing temperatures of 20.degree.-60.degree. C.

Abstract: New pyrazoline compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which X is 1,4-phenylene, ##STR2## if n is 1 or if R.sub.7 or R.sub.8 contains an SO.sub.3 M Radical, also a methylene or --CH.sub.2 CH(OH)--CH.sub.2 O-- group or an unbranched C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyleneoxy group, a direct bond or oxygen, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently of one another are hydrogen, chlorine or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, R.sub.7 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, chlorophenyl, hydrogen, phenyl or --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --SO.sub.3 M, R.sub.8 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, --CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 M, carboxyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 carboalkoxy, carbamoyl or carboxymethyl, R.sub.9 is H, chlorine or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, Ar is a phenyl radical which is unsubstituted or substituted by non-chromophores or, if X is a direct bond, also a naphthalene radical, M is hydrogen or one equivalent of a non-chromophoric cation and m and n are the number nought or 1, which can be used as fluroescent brighteners for synthetic and natural fibres, especially for polyamide.

Abstract: Mixtures of fluorescent whitening agents consisting of 51 to 99% by weight of a symmetrically or unsymmetrically substituted first 1,4-bis(cyanostyryl)benzene and 49 to 1% by weight of an unsymmetrically substituted second 1,4-bis(cyanostyryl)benzene that differs from the first, a process for the preparation of said mixtures by condensing terephthalaldehyde with a di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylphosphonomethylbenzonitrile to cyano-4-formylstilbene, which is further condensed, either direct or after isolation, with at least one other di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylphosphonomethylbenzonitrile, the use of these mixtures for whitening polyester fibres, and compositions containing said mixtures for whitening polyester fibres.

Abstract: Mixtures of fluorescent whitening agents consisting of 51 to 98.5% by weight of 1-(4-cyanostyryl)-4-(3'-styryl)benzene, 48.5 to 1% by weight of 1-(4-cyanostyryl)-4-(2'-cyanostyryl)benzene and 0.5 to 5% by weight of 1,4-bis(cyanostyryl)benzene, a process for the preparation of said mixtures by condensing terephthalaldehyde with a 4-dialkylphosphonomethylbenzonitrile to 4-cyano-4'-formylstilbene, which is further condensed, either direct or after isolation, with a 3- and 2-dialkylphosphonomethylbenzonitrile, the use of these mixtures for whitening polyester fibers, and compositions containing said mixtures for whitening polyester fibers.

Abstract: The invention relates to pyrazoline compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently of the other methyl, ethyl or hydroxyethyl, R.sub.4 is hydrogen or chlorine, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each independently of the other hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.7 is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl, n is 0 or 1, with the proviso that, if n is 0 and R.sub.4 to R.sub.7 are hydrogen, R.sub.2 is methyl and R.sub.3 is hydroxyethyl, and X.sup..crclbar. is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkanoate, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanephosphonate, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanesulfonate, phosphite, sulfamate or glycolate anion and, if R.sub.1 is methyl, X.sup..crclbar. is also a methosulfate, chloride or bromide ion, to the preparation of said compounds, to the use thereof as fluorescent whitening agents, and to novel hydrazine intermediates of formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are methyl, ethyl or hydroxyethyl, and the acetone hydrazones and salts thereof.

Abstract: Mixtures of fluorescent whitening agents consisting of 51 to 99% by weight of a symmetrically or unsymmetrically substituted first 1,4-bis(cyanostyryl)benzene and 49 to 1% by weight of an unsymmetrically substituted second 1,4-bis(cyanostyryl)benzene that differs from the first, a process for the preparation of said mixtures by condensing terephthalaldehyde with a di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkylphosphonomethylbenzonitrile to cyano-4-formylstilbene, which is further condensed, either direct or after isolation, with at least one other di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkylphosphonomethylbenzonitrile, the use of these mixtures for whitening polyester fibres, and compositions containing said mixtures for whitening polyester fibres.

Abstract: Stilbene derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is chlorine or bromine, R.sub.1 is hydrogen, carboxyl, cyano, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or a non-chromophorically esterified carboxyl group, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently of one another are each hydrogen, unsubstituted or non-chromophorically substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl, or a non-chromophoric substituent of the 2nd order.They are valuable intermediates for producing optical brighteners of the 4,4'-disubstituted stilbene series.

Abstract: Novel 4-heterocyclylvinyl-4'-styryl-biphenyls of the formula ##STR1## are described, i which A is an isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrimidinyl or triazinyl radical which is unsubstituted or substituted by a non-chromophoric substituent, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or a non-chromophoric substituent and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, halogen, or alkyl; processes for the preparation of these compounds are also described.The novel 4-heterocyclylvinyl-4'-styryl-biphenyls can be used as fluorescent brighteners for high-molecular organic materials, in particular materials of polyamide and polyester, especially for polyester textiles.

Abstract: The distyrylbiphenyls of the formula ##STR1## in which X and X' independently of one another are a direct bond, oxygen, sulfur, --O--C.sub.1-3 -alkylene-CON(R.sub.4)--CON(R.sub.4)--, --O--C.sub.1-3 alkylene-COO--, OCO or --COO--, with the proviso that if n+n'=O, X and X' may not be --CON(R.sub.4)-- or O--C.sub.1-3 -alkylene-CON(R.sub.4)--, and if n+n'=2 and X and X' are --CON(R.sub.4)-- or --COO--, A.sup..crclbar. may not be a phosphite or phosphonate anion, and Y and Y' independently of one another are C.sub.1-20 -alkyene, R.sub.1 and R.sub.1 ' independently of one another are unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1-8 -alkyl or C.sub.3-4 -alkenyl, R.sub.1 together with R.sub.2, or R.sub.1 ' together with R.sub.2 ', is a heterocyclic ring, R.sub.2 and R.sub.2 ' independently of one another are unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1-8 -alkyl or C.sub.3-4 -alkenyl, or R.sub.2 together with R.sub.1, or R.sub.2 ' together with R.sub.1 ', is a heterocyclic ring, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, or R.sub.1 ' and R.sub.

Abstract: The novel benzimidazoles have the formula ##STR1## in which A is the radical ##STR2## R.sub.1 is cyanomethyl, 1-cyanoethyl or, if n is the number 1, also 2-cyanoethyl or C.sub.3-6 -carboalkoxymethyl, R.sub.2 is C.sub.1-4 -alkyl or C.sub.3-4 -alkenyl, R.sub.3 is cyanomethyl, cyanoethyl or C.sub.3-6 -carboalkoxymethyl, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 independently of one another are hydrogen or chlorine, X.sup..crclbar. is a colorless anion of an organic or inorganic acid and n is the number 0 or 1.They are used for the fluorescent brightening of organic materials.

Abstract: The amphoteric styrene derivatives correspond to the formula ##STR1## in which X is oxygen, sulfur, a direct bond, --SO.sub.2 N(R.sub.5 --, --CON(R.sub.5 -- or --COO--, Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 independently of one another are C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylene or hydroxypropylene, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or, together with the N atom, are a pyrrolidine, piperidine, hexamethyleneimine or morpholine ring, and R.sub.1, together with R.sub.5, is also a piperazine ring, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, chlorine, C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy or C.sub.3-4 -alkenyl or together, in the o-position relative to one another, are a trimethylene or tetramethylene group, R.sub.5 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 -alkyl or cyanoethyl or, together with R.sub.1, is a piperazine ring, Q is --COO or --SO.sub.3 and n is the number 1 or 2, and can be prepared by reacting the corresponding amine compounds with a halide of the formula Hal--Y.sub.

Abstract: The distyrylbiphenyls of the formula ##STR1## in which X and X' independently of one another are a direct bond, oxygen, sulfur, --O--C.sub.1-3 -alkylene-CON(R.sub.4)----CON(R.sub.4)--, --O--C.sub.1-3 -alkylene-COO--, OCO or --COO--, with the proviso that if n+n'=O, X and Y' may not be --CON(R.sub.4)-- or O--C.sub.1-3 -alkylene-CON(R.sub.4)--, and if n+n'=2 and X and X' are --CON(R.sub.4)-- or --COO--, A.sup..crclbar. may not be a phosphite or phosphonate anion, and Y and Y' independently of one another are C.sub.1-20 -alkylene, R.sub.1 and R.sub.1 ' independently of one another are unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1-8 -alkyl or C.sub.3-4 -alkenyl, or R.sub.1 together with R.sub.2, or R.sub.1 ' together with R.sub.2 ', is a heterocyclic ring, R.sub.2 and R.sub.2 ' independently of one another are unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1-8 -alkyl or C.sub.3-4 -alkenyl, or R.sub.2 together with R.sub.1, or R.sub.2 ' together with R.sub.1 ', is a heterocyclic ring, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, or R.sub.1 ' and R.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to N-acyl-o-phenylenediamines of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a colorless carbocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic radical and each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently is an alkyl, alkenyl or phenyl radical which is unsubstituted or substituted by non-chromophoric groups, but only one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be phenyl, and the ring B can also be substituted by non-chromophoric groups. The invention also relates to processes for the manufacture of these compounds, their use for whitening man-made organic material their conversion into benzimidazolium compounds as well as stable, concentrated aqueous solutions of such compounds, processes for their manufacture and their use for whitening manmade organic material.

Abstract: Cationic fluorescent whitening agents of the formula ##STR1## wherein B is a fluorescent whitening agent containing basic tertiary amino groups, m is the number of basic amino groups, and each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted by non-chromophoric groups, or is alkenyl of 2 to 4 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted by non-chromophoric groups. These compounds have good solubility in water and they make it possible to prepare concentrated solutions and can be used for whitening organic material.