Abstract: An aqueous cationic surface-coating system contains an olefinically unsaturated surface-coating binder having basic nitrogen groups, some or all of which are converted into salts with acid, a Co, Mn, Pb, Ce, Zr, Ca, Zn, Fe, Al, Cu, Ni or Cd complex, if appropriate in combination with an inhibitor and/or an initiator which supplies free radicals.This surface-coating system can be used for cathodic electrocoating or for conventional methods of surface-coating.

Abstract: Surface-coating binders based on a copolymer which contains tertiary amino groups, blocked isocyanate groups, hydroxyl groups and ether groups and which, due to partial or complete salification with an acid, is water-soluble or water-dispersible.The copolymer contains, as copolymerized units, an olefinically unsaturated compound possessing a tertiary amino group, an N-(alk-1-enyl) isocyanate blocked with a CH-, OH- or NH-acidic blocking agent, and an adduct of an epoxy resin based on bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, andhaving a molecular weight of from 380 to 3,500, with an olefinically unsaturated alcohol of 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and with an olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid of 3 to 20 carbon atoms, with or without one or more other copolymerizable olefinically unsaturated compounds, and has a mean molecular weight of from 1,000 to 20,000.

Abstract: Aqueous thermosetting electrical insulating varnishes are prepared by a process wherein hydroxyl-containing polyester-imides which have kinematic viscosities of from 16 to 30 mm.sup.2 .multidot. s.sup.-1 and acid numbers of <10, and which have been obtained by condensing aromatic tricarboxylic acid monoanhydrides, aromatic dicarboxylic acids or their esterifiable or transesterifiable derivatives, diamines, diols, and triols containing an isocyanurate ring, are treated, at from 80.degree. to 130.degree. C., in the presence or absence of up to 5% by weight, based on polyester-imide, of an organic solvent, with from 5 to 15% by weight, based on polyester-imide, of ammonia in the form of an aqueous solution, thereby producing aminolysis and hydrolysis so that a neutral or slightly acidic solution results, which is diluted to a viscosity of from 100 to 10,000 mPa.s by adding demineralized water, from 0.

Abstract: A polyimide powder particularly suitable for the production of moldings by high pressure sintering is prepared by mixing a solution of an aromatic polyimido-acid, obtained by a conventional process and having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.5 to 2.5 dl/g, in an aprotic dipolar organic solvent, with a water-entraining agent, heating the mixture to the boiling point of the entraining agent, azeotropically distilling off the water formed, filtering off the polyimide powder which precipitates, washing it if appropriate, and drying it.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures comprising of(a) a polyisocyanate in the form of discrete particles having diameters of 0.1 to 150 microns which are deactivated at their surface such that from 0.5 to 20 equivalent percent of the total isocyanate groups present are deactivated; and(b) a polyol.These mixtures are useful as coatings and adhesives as well as gasket materials and are particularly useful as undercoating materials for automotive vehicles.

Abstract: Surface-coating binders based on a copolymer which contains tertiary amino groups, blocked isocyanate groups, hydroxyl groups and ether groups and which, due to partial or complete salification with an acid, is water-soluble or water-dispersible.This copolymer contains, as copolymerized units, one or more olefinically unsaturated compounds possessing a tertiary amino group, an N-(1-alkenyl) isocyanate blocked with a CH--, OH-- or NH-acidic blocking agent, an adduct of an epoxy resin based on bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, and having a molecular weight of from 380 to 3,500, with an olefinically unsaturated alcohol of 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and one or more other copolymerizable olefinically unsaturated compounds, and has a mean molecular weight of from 1,000 to 20,000.The novel surface-coating binder is used for the cathodic electrocoating of metallic articles.

Abstract: Thermosetting polycondensates containing amide and imide groups which are obtained by reacting 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid or its anhydride with one or more aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic diamines and one or more oxadicarboxylic acids or oxadicarboxylic acid esters of the general formulaROOC--CH.sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--.sub.n CH.sub.2 --COORwhere R is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 10, in a water-soluble organic solvent and/or water, at from 80.degree. to 200.degree. C. These polycondensates are useful as wire enamels, impregnating agents and adhesives.

Abstract: Polyadducts, free from epoxide groups, are obtained from ammonia and epoxide compounds by reacting 1 mole of ammonia with from 1.2 to 2.0 equivalents of epoxide, so that if diepoxide compounds are used products of the general formula (I) ##STR1## are obtained, while if triepoxides and/or tetraepoxide compounds are used, by themselves, or together with diepoxide compounds, products of the general formula II ##STR2## are produced; in these formulae, the E.sup.1 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing divalent radicals and the E.sup.2 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing trivalent or tetravalent radicals, resulting from the opening of the oxirane rings of epoxide compounds containing two, three or four epoxide groups in the molecule, n.sup.1, n.sup.3 and n.sup.5 are from 0 to 3, n.sup.2 and n.sup.4 are from 1 to 3 and X is 0 or 1, and one or more of the divalent radicals E.sup.1 in the general formlula (II) may or may not be replaced by polyvalent radicals E.sup.2.

Abstract: A process for coating electrically conductive objects comprisingA. immersing said object as the anode of an electric current in an aqueous polyurethane dispersion prepared by(1) forming a polyurethane solution by reacting an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of an organic solvent with(a) an acrylic ester diol having a molecular weight of between 146 and 3,000;(b) an organic polyhydroxyl compound other than (a) having a molecular weight between 400 and 5,000 selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyols, polyether polyols, polycarbonates, polylactones, and mixtures thereof; and(c) a chain extender selected from the group consisting of diols, triols, diamines, aminoalcohols, having a molecular weight between 62 and 400, water, and mixtures thereof;(2) forming an anionic polyurethane addition product by reacting said polyurethane solution with a mercaptocarboxylic acid salt in the presence of a solvent;(3) adding water; and(4) removing the organic solvent, andB.

Abstract: Surface-coating binders based on a copolymer which contains carboxyl groups, blocked isocyanate groups, hydroxyl groups and ether groups, and which, due to partial or complete salification with ammonia or with an organic base, is water-soluble or water-dispersible.This copolymer contains, as copolymerized units, one or more .alpha.,.beta.-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids of 3 to 5 carbon atoms or one or more half-esters of an .alpha.,.beta.-olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid of 3 to 5 carbon atoms, an N-(1-alkenyl) isocyanate blocked with a CH--, OH-- or NH-acidic blocking agent, an adduct of an epoxy resin, based on bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin and having a molecular weight of from 380 to 3,500, with an olefinically unsaturated alcohol of 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and one or more other copolymerizable olefinically unsaturated compounds, and has a mean molecular weight of from 1,000 to 20,000 and an acid number of from 35 to 150 mg of KOH/g.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine, generally referred to as PVP-iodine, which is finding increasing use because of its germicidal, bactericidal, fungicidal and disinfectant properties.

Abstract: Polyadducts, free from epoxide groups, are obtained from ammonia and epoxide compounds by reacting 1 mole of ammonia with from 1.2 to 2.0 equivalents of epoxide, so that if diepoxide compounds are used products of the general formula (I) ##STR1## are obtained, while if triepoxides and/or tetraepoxide compounds are used, by themselves, or together with diepoxide compounds, products of the general formula II ##STR2## are produced; in these formulae, the E.sup.1 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing divalent radicals and the E.sup.2 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing trivalent or tetravalent radicals, resulting from the opening of the oxirane rings of epoxide compounds containing two, three or four epoxide groups in the molecule, n.sup.1, n.sup.3 and n.sup.5 are from 0 to 3, n.sup.2 and n.sup.4 are from 1 to 3 and X is 0 or 1, and one or more of the divalent radicals E.sup.1 in the general formula (II) may or may not be replaced by polyvalent radicals E.sup.2.

Abstract: Adducts obtained by reacting an epoxide compound with guanidine or a guanidine derivative, using not less than 1 mole of guanidine or guanidine derivative per epoxide equivalent of the epoxide compound; the adducts may or may not be partially or completely neutralized by adding acid, and may additionally contain blocked isocyanate groups.The novel adducts may be used, in combination with a completely blocked polyisocyanate, aminoplast resin and/or phenoplast resin, as binders in coating agents, and for the cathodic electrocoating of metal articles.

Abstract: Polyadducts, free from epoxide groups, are obtained from ammonia and epoxide compounds by reacting 1 mole of ammonia with from 1.2 to 2.0 equivalents of epoxide, so that if diepoxide compounds are used products of the general formula (I) ##STR1## are obtained, while if triepoxides and/or tetraepoxide compounds are used, by themselves, or together with diepoxide compounds, products of the general formula II ##STR2## are produced; in these formulae, the E.sup.1 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing divalent radicals and the E.sup.2 's are identical or different hydroxyl-containing trivalent or tetravalent radicals, resulting from the opening of the oxirane rings of epoxide compounds containing two, three or four epoxide groups in the molecule, n.sup.1, n.sup.3 and n.sup.5 are from 0 to 3, n.sup.2 and n.sup.4 are from 1 to 3 and X is 0 or 1, and one or more of the divalent radicals E.sup.1 in the general formula (II) may or may not be replaced by polyvalent radicals E.sup.2.

Abstract: High molecular weight products based on N-vinylpyrrolidone, in which blocks of vinylpyrrolidone polymers or vinylpyrrolidone copolymers are linked by connecting units carrying ester, amide, urethane or urea groups, as a result of which these high molecular weight products are biodegradable and may be used as plasma substitutes, and the plasma substitutes thus obtained.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of PVP-iodine by reacting polyvinylpyrrolidone powder with elementary iodine at from 70.degree. to 100.degree. C. The reaction is carried out in the presence of formic acid, oxalic acid or an ammonium salt or amide of carbonic acid, formic acid or oxalic acid. The process avoids the disadvantage of long periods of heating, which can result in degradation of the polyvinylpyrrolidone, and is particularly suitable for the preparation of a stable PVP-iodine using a low molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Abstract: Production of polymers in bead form by forming a water-in-oil suspension of an aqueous solution containing at least one water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an inert hydrophobic liquid organic dispersion medium and polymerizing the suspended monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator and a protective colloid obtained by reacting an oily or resinous polymer of an olefin and/or diolefin, said polymer containing hydrogen atoms in the allyl position, with 2 to 30% by weight, based on the oil and/or resin, of maleic anhydride.

Abstract: A process for reducing the residual monomer content of a copolymer prepared by copolymerizing vinyl esters and N-vinyl-lactams in a solvent in the presence of a free radical polymerization initiator. Following the main polymerization, from 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, based on the monomers employed, of di-tert.-butyl peroxide, di-tert.-amyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis-(tert.-butylperoxy)-hexane, 2,2-bis-(tert.-butylperoxy)-butane, 1,1-bis-(tert.-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 4,4-di-(tert.-butylperoxy)-butyl valerate, or a mixture of these, is added to the reaction mixture and the after-polymerization is carried out at a higher temperature than the main polymerization.

Abstract: A process for sizing staple fiber yarns by applying an aqueous sizing liquor which contains an alkaline earth metal salt of a copolymer containing from 90 to 30% by weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and from 10 to 70% by weight of acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile, which copolymer has a viscosity of from 50 to 1,000 cp in 15% strength aqueous solution at 85.degree. C., and drying the treated yarns. The sized films obtained are moisture-insensitive and have good heat stability.

Abstract: Production of polymers in bead form by forming a water-in-oil suspension of an aqueous solution containing at least one water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an inert hydrophobic liquid organic dispersion medium and polymerizing the suspended monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator and a protective colloid obtained by polymerizing (A) 60 to 100% by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, tricyclopentadiene and alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof, and (B) 0 to 40% by weight, based on the mixture of (A) and (B), of a mono- or diethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with (A).