Abstract: A cuff member that enhances the invasion and engraftment of cells from subcutaneous tissue of a living body and robustly adheres to the subcutaneous tissue through the vascularization of capillary vessels, and can consequently isolate a wound from the outside, block exacerbating factors such as bacterial infection during healing, inhibit the downgrowth, and reduce infection problems including tunnel infection. A cuff member 2 includes a flange 3 and a tubular portion 4. The cuff member 2 includes a three-dimensional network open-cell porous structure, which is formed of a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin and has an average pore size of 100 to 1000 ?m and an apparent density of 0.01 to 0.5 g/cm3. A pad 5 overlies the flange 3. A tube 6 passes through the pad 5 and the flange 3.

Abstract: An image display device, in which image display media are sealed between opposed substrates, at least one of two substrates being transparent, and in which the image display media, to which an electrostatic field is applied, are made to move so as to display an image. A construction of particles used as the image display media is improved (the first, second, fourth, fifth, sixth, eighth and ninth aspects of the invention), and a material of the particles used as the image display media is improved (the third, seventh and tenth aspects of the invention). Whiteness of the particles and a liquid powder using the particles is improved, particle agglutination is prevented, and the charge property is controlled. Moreover, durability is improved such that a contrast of the image display during a repetition display is not decreased. As a result, an excellent image display can be achieved.

Abstract: In the image display device, in which the image display media are sealed between opposed substrates, at least one of two substrates being transparent, and in which the image display media, to which an electrostatic field is applied, are made to move so as to display an image, a construction of the particles utilizing as the image display media is improved (the first, second, fourth, fifth, sixth, eighth and ninth aspects of the invention), and, a material of the particles utilizing as the image display media is improved (the third, seventh and tenth aspects of the invention). Therefore, the whiteness of the particles and the liquid powder using the particles can be improved, and it is possible to prevent the particle agglutination and to control the charge property. Moreover, in the image display panel in which the particles and the liquid powder are used as the image display media, it is possible to obtain a durability such that a contrast of the image display during a repetition display is not decreased.

Abstract: An image display device constructed by: an image display means for displaying an image by moving chargeable particles arranged between electrodes by means of a voltage applied to the electrodes; and a light emission means for emitting a light to an image display surface of the image display means (first aspect of the invention).

Abstract: The present invention provides a linear light emitter having a translucent rod-shaped body which has a light incident portion at least at one end thereof and which has, on a peripheral side surface running along an axial direction, a light reflecting layer reflecting incident light from the light incident portion, in which the translucent rod-shaped body satisfies a following formula, 0.01?LW/LC?0.2, given that a length of an outer periphery of the translucent rod-shaped body is LC (mm) and a line width of the light reflecting layer is LW (mm) in a cross-section orthogonal to an axial direction of the translucent rod-shaped body.

Abstract: This invention proposes a beam-condensing element comprising a beam-condensing portion having a translucent concave end face, which is the same curvature as a translucent convex face of a LED lamp comprising a LED chip and a substantially hemispherical translucent convex face enveloping the LED chip, and extending from a peripheral edge of the translucent concave end face in a shape of a parabolic rotating body, in which when viewing at a cross section including a rotation axis of the beam-condensing portion, an inclination of tangent drawn to the beam-condensing portion at a peripheral edge position of the translucent concave end face with respect to the rotation axis is set up so that an incidence efficiency of light beams emitted from the LED lamp to the beam-condensing portion is not less than a given value.