Abstract: Liquid scintillation vials are disclosed formed from polyethylene or polypropylene and fluorinated on at least the inner surface. The advantageous physical properties and disposability of polyethylene or polypropylene are retained, while reducing permeation of organic solvents of the scintillation cocktail into or through the walls. Therefore problems of vial swelling, resulting in jamming of scintillation counters, are avoided.

Abstract: A general purpose scintillation cocktail comprises an aromatic liquid capable of capturing energy from radiation, at least one fluor compound, and a nonionic liquid surfactant comprised of polyethoxylated polyoxyethylene in which the weight percent of the polyoxyethylene in the molecule exceeds about 40 and in which the molecular weight of the polyoxypropylene portion of the molecule exceeds about 1450.

Abstract: A liquid scintillation cocktail especially suitable for low volume biological specimens comprising an aromatic liquid, preferably pseudocumene, for capturing energy from radiation, at least one fluor, preferably PPO and Bis-MSB, and a mixture of anionic and nonionic surfactants. The cocktails are prepared by treating with a cation exchange resin to clarify and with a solid buffer to raise the temperature at which cloudiness develops upon heating.

Abstract: A liquid scintillation composition especially useful for gradient elution chromatography comprising an aromatic liquid capable of capturing energy from radiation by radio-tagged compositions, at least one fluor, at least one low molecular weight alcohol and a surfactant comprising a polyoxyalkylene unit and a straight chain alkyl unit. Preferably, the surfactant comprises an ethoxylated or propoxylated fatty alcohol or fatty acid in which the moles of ethylene or propylene oxide range from 5 to 25 and the length of the alkyl chain is between 6 and 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The arsenic trifluoride content of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride is reduced by diffusion in one or more stages through a non-porous fluoride-resistant film, such as a thin fluoropolymer film.