Abstract: An apparatus for making alternate S and Z twist plied yarn from individual singles yarns. The apparatus twists the singles yarns as they move in a path through the process, twisting the individual yarns in either an S or Z direction. The bonding of the ply-twisted yarns at a node while applying twist forms a bond characterized by a dense region of filaments adhesively joined together where one of the strands overlaps another strand, followed by a less dense region along the one strand where fewer filaments are adhesively joined, followed by another dense region.

Abstract: An elongated pile article having a support strand for attachment to a plurality of yarn bundles, the yarn bundles including a dense portion with the filaments bonded to each other and bonded to the support strand, pile surface structure comprised of a plurality of elongated pile articles placed one next to the other, and a method and apparatus for making the elongated pile article.

Abstract: An elongated pile article having a support strand for attachment to a plurality of yarn bundles, the yarn bundles including a dense portion with the filaments bonded to each other and bonded to the support strand, pile surface structure comprised of a plurality of elongated pile articles placed one next to the other, and a method and apparatus for making the elongated pile article.

Abstract: Crystallization of adipic acid using low intensity ultrasonic agitation during crystallization results in purer product that is more readily handled. Apparatus for carrying out the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: More uniform and more rapid quenching and coagulation of filaments is achieved by contacting the filaments in a chamber with coagulating liquid and generating pressure fluctuations in the liquid at high frequency sonic or ultrasonic frequencies.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for cutting tufted loops of yarn of a fabric, such as a carpet, by applying sufficient energy from an ultrasonically vibrating horn, operating with either a shearing or a pincer action in cooperation with a mechanical device, either or both having a cutting edge, to cause at least some of the filaments in said yarns to soften and fuse to adjacent filaments during cutting of said tufted loops.

Abstract: A process for making alternate S and Z twist plied yarn from individual singles yarns includes the steps of tensioning the singles yarns as they move in a path through the process, twisting the individual yarns in either an S or Z direction, stopping the forward movement of the yarn, then bonding the ply-twisted yarns at a node while applying twist, stopping the twisting operation, then repeating the procedure while twisting in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A process for making alternate S and Z twist plied yarn from individual singles yarns includes the steps of tensioning the singles yarns as they move in a path through the process, twisting the individual yarns in either an S or Z direction, stopping the forward movement of the yarn, then bonding the ply-twisted yarns at a node while applying twist, stopping the twisting operation, then repeating the procedure while twisting in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A process for making alternate S and Z twist plied yarn from individual singles yarns includes the steps of tensioning the singles yarns as they move in a path through the process, twisting the individual yarns in either an S or Z direction, stopping the forward movement of the yarn, then bonding the ply-twisted yarns at a node while applying twist, stopping the twisting operation, then repeating the procedure while twisting in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A method for intermittently applying a liquid to a threadline wherein varying the amplitude of vibration of an atomizing surface of an ultrasonic vibrator is the vehicle for atomizing and propelling the liquid onto a threadline passing in close proximity to the atomizing surface.