Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods for improving the adhesion of textile substrates to rubber or rubber-containing materials. Also encompassed herein are articles that contain textile substrates treated with such compositions. The composition generally comprises at least one phenol compound, at least one aldehyde compound, and at least one fluorocarbon-containing compound. The composition provides: (a) improved adhesion between textile substrates treated with the composition and rubber materials and (b) anti-wicking properties to end-use articles containing the treated substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for treating synthetic textile material and a method of using it. The composition comprises a smectite clay to scour the textile material, a wetting agent to enhance addition of the clay to other components of the composition, a sequestrant to sequester metal ions that inhibit the performance of the clay, and, when the composition is an aqueous slurry, a viscosity control agent to adjust the viscosity of the composition in order to prevent separating or settling of the clay. The method comprises contacting the textile material with the synthetic textile material treating composition under conditions sufficient to remove the contaminants from the textile material and washing the textile material treating composition off of the textile material, thereby producing a treated textile material from which the contaminants have been removed.

Abstract: A solid state electrode that includes a graphite core as both the internal reference and the electrical conductor that is preferably formed of graphite threads maintained as a bundle that in one embodiment, has an end thereof coated with a mixture of antimony and antimony oxide as a sensor element, the graphite junction forming the internal reference to that sensor element, and in another embodiment, the graphite core is wrapped tightly around a sensor formed from section or "shot" of a mixture antimony and antimony oxide, the graphite junction forming the internal reference thereto. The connected graphite core and antimony/antimony oxide sensor are then covered with an impermeable non-conductive plastic sheath, leaving a section of the antimony/antimony oxide sensor surface exposed, and the junction of that sheath to the antimony/antimony oxide sensor is preferably sealed as with an epoxy.

Abstract: A solid state graphite electrode to determine the activity of an ion-specie in solution. The graphite electrode of the present invention can be adapted for use as either an external reference electrode, an ion-selective electrode or as an internal reference electrode. The electrode includes, as an electrically conductive element, a supported section of graphite that is appropriately electrically connected through a potentiometer to show a difference in ion concentration as a voltage potential or emf. One graphite surface for immersion in a test solution is hydrophobized by coating it with a solution that contains an organic liquid molecule to covalently bond with hydroxyl groups (OH) of the graphite surface, rendering that surface hydrophobic. Preferably, the organic liquid is a silanizing agent, which coating after drying is covered with a hydrophobic layer or membrane that is preferably a polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastic.

Abstract: An improved electroactive material for solid state, Ca.sup.++ sensitive electrodes comprising highly purified di-[p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl] phosphoric acid or the corresponding calcium salt thereof.