Abstract: A single column process to produce nitrogen at relatively high purity and yield by the cryogenic rectification of air employing multiple defined feeds to the column to allow for increased product removal off the top of the column while avoiding the need to recycle withdrawn nitrogen.

Abstract: A process which produces a krypton-xenon concentrate from a liquid feed while also producing a liquid product substantially free of rare gases. The process employs an integral heat pump circuit to carry out the separation in an energy-efficient manner.

Abstract: A krypton-xenon concentration process which also produces substantially rare gas-free oxygen gas while requiring a stripping column substantially smaller than is required by conventional process wherein feed liquid is provided directly to a reboiling zone and only the vapor from the reboiling zone is passed through the stripping column.

Abstract: A double column air separation process which enables one to efficiently produce oxygen gas at a pressure exceeding that of the lower pressure column without compression or pumping wherein oxygen liquid hydrostatic head is employed to impart a pressure increase to the oxygen.

Abstract: A process for the production of ultrahigh purity oxygen and elevated pressure nitrogen by the cryogenic rectification of air wherein the product oxygen is recovered from a secondary column at a point above the liquid sump while impurities are removed from the column at a distance from the product withdrawal point.

Abstract: A cryogenic process to efficiently produce large quantities of nitrogen gas at elevated pressure by use of a double column and multiple condenser-reboilers.

Abstract: A cryogenic process to efficiently produce large quantities of nitrogen gas at elevated pressure and optionally some oxygen by use of a split column and multiple condenser-reboilers.

Abstract: Deuterium is concentrated in a hydrogen-water isotopic exchange process enhanced by the use of catalyst materials in cold and hot tower contacting zones. Water is employed in a closed liquid recirculation loop that includes the cold tower, in which deuterium is concentrated in the water, and the upper portion of the hot tower in which said deuterium is concentrated in the hydrogen stream. Feed water is fed to the lower portion of said hot tower for contact with the circulating hydrogen stream. The feed water does not contact the water in the closed loop. Catalyst employed in the cold tower and the upper portion of the hot tower, preferably higher quality material, is isolated from impurities in the feed water that contacts only the catalyst, preferably of lower quality, in the lower portion of the hot zone.

Abstract: Oxygen gas is produced at greater than atmospheric pressure by separating air into oxygen-rich and nitrogen-rich fractions in a distillation column, removing the oxygen as liquid and pumping it to the desired pressure and subsequently vaporizing the pumped liquid oxygen by means of energy absorbed from a recirculation argon containing fluid.

Abstract: A fluid-tight container holding active getter and non-sorbable gas at a pressure of at least about one atmosphere, with gas flow passage means through a wall of the container providing communication between the active getter and the container-surrounding environment, and removable closure means for the gas flow passage means. The container may be opened for gas flow communication and exposure of the active getter prior to sealing of a vacuum enclosure in which it is installed, without significant loss or impairment of sorptive capacity of the getter.

Abstract: A synthesis gas stream having a H.sub.2 /CO ratio of less than 3/1 is split, with one stream being subjected to water gas shift essentially to completion, adjusted with a portion of the other stream to a carbon monoxide content of about 3-6% by volume, and reacted in an adiabatic methanation zone. The high hydrogen composition and high H.sub.2 /CO ratio of the stream passed to the adiabatic zone is effectively regulated in this manner, preventing carbon formation and catalyst sintering. The effluent from said adiabatic zone is mixed with the remaining portion of the other stream and passed to an isothermal methanation zone. Carbon dioxide can be removed from the product methane-rich gas or from the methanation feed gas. In preferred embodiment, high pressure superheated steam is simultaneously produced by utilization of the heat of reaction of the methanation operations, enhancing the overall efficiency of the synthesis gas production-methanation operation.

Abstract: A porous composite structure comprising a sintered mixture of metal particles and alumina particles, and a method for producing this composite. The composite is useful as a catalyst support, particularly in apparatus designed to reduce pollutant emissions from automobile engines.

Abstract: A process for utilizing liquefied natural gas as a source of refrigeration in an ethylene plant of the type featuring a "front-end" depropanizer and a forecooling recovery section, wherein the forecooling section is operated at lower than conventional temperature and pressure levels while the final separation section is maintained at conventional operating conditions. Liquefied natural gas is heat exchanged with recovered depropanizer column overhead gas in the forecooling section and with overhead of the demethanizer and C.sub.2 splitter columns to condense reflux, thereby closely matching the cooling curve of the ethylene plant with the LNG warming curve to achieve highly efficient utilization of the LNG refrigeration.

Abstract: A porous composite structure comprising a sintered mixture of metal particles and alumina particles, and a method for producing this composite. The composite is useful as a catalyst support, particularly in apparatus designed to reduce pollutant emissions from automobile engines.