Abstract: The construction principles according to the present invention make possible large sheet-like solar modules with low weight, which have great mechanical toughness, are inured to rough climatic environment influences and withstand thermal stress due to solar irradiation and shadowing effects. The solar modules have front and back panes, one of which has a thickness of at least 3 mm and the other of which has a thickness of at most 2 mm. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the thicker pane is preferably greater than that of the thinner pane. In preferred embodiments burling or a wavy structure is provided on one side of the front pane and/or the back pane.

Abstract: Solar modules are provided that include a front pane, an inter layer into which solar cells are embedded, and at least one back side foil, which increases the life span of the solar modules. The at least one back side foil is provided with holes having a density of at most 0.2 cm?2.

Abstract: A substrate with a sol-gel layer and to a method for producing a composite material wherein a barrier layer is placed between the sol-gel layer and the substrate are provided.

Abstract: The construction principles according to the present invention make possible large sheet-like solar modules with low weight, which have great mechanical toughness, are inured to rough climatic environment influences and withstand thermal stress due to solar irradiation and shadowing effects. The solar modules have front and back panes, one of which has a thickness of at least 3 mm and the other of which has a thickness of at most 2 mm. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the thicker pane is preferably greater than that of the thinner pane. In preferred embodiments burling or a wavy structure is provided on one side of the front pane and/or the back pane.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for deposition of an anti-reflection layer, in which glass particles are embedded in a titanium oxide containing matrix that is produced by a sol-gel method.

Abstract: A method for producing light-scattering structures on flat optical waveguides into which light can be coupled for making the light-scattering structures visible. The light-scattering structures are applied to a surface of the optical waveguide in accordance with a predetermined arrangement prescription. The light-scattering structures are applied directly to the optical waveguide with a non-impact method. The application of the light-scattering structures can occur by imprinting with a computer-controlled, contactless-operating print head or by electro-photographic coating.

Abstract: The arrangement for illuminating at least one switch surface (3) provided on a transparent panel (1) has at least one light source (9) and a touch sensor switch (5) arranged behind the at least one switch surface (3). The illumination should not interfere with the switching function and a touch sensor switch (5) does not need its own light source (9). The light source (9) is spaced from the at least one switch surface (3) so that the at least one light source (9) radiates light into the transparent panel (1) or into an optical waveguide (15, 16, 17, 19, 20) arranged on the transparent panel (1). The light of the at least one light source (9) is guided into the transparent panel or the optical waveguide toward the at least one switch surface (3) and conducted into a region between the at least one switch surface (3) and a sensor element (7) of the touch sensor switch (5).

Abstract: The method for automatic determination of validity or invalidity of input from miniaturized keypads or keyboards, in which more than one key is operated at the same time, includes designating a number of keys as principal keys and assigning each key neighboring each principal key as nearest neighbor or next nearest neighbor and then testing each signal produced by key operation. The signal is valid if it is produced by operation of only one single key. However testing continues if two or more keys produce the signal. Then the signal is valid when the two or more keys are correlated in an unambiguous principal key-nearest neighbor key relationship. If not, testing continues further and the signal is valid if the plural keys are correlated in an unambiguous principal key-nearest neighbor key-next nearest neighbor key relationship. Otherwise the signal is an invalid key input.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for an electric appliance, having a control device and a power supply unit connected with an electric current supply connector for providing functional units, which are to be controlled, of the electric appliance with current. A switch is provided on the electric current supply connector for cutting off the power supply unit from the electric current supply connector on a primary side. The switch has a piezo switch which is open in the non-activated state. The circuit arrangement of this invention is used, for example, in connection with electronic household appliances.

Abstract: A ceramic toner which is transferable to a high-temperature resistant glass, glass ceramic or ceramic substrate by electrophotographic printing and which can be fired in a subsequent temperature process, containing color pigment particles in addition to special glass flow particles. According to this invention, the ceramic toner has a thermoplastic synthetic matrix which melts in a homogeneous manner on the substrate within a temperature range of 100° C.–400° C. and which, within the temperature range of 300° C.–500° C., vaporizes in an almost residue-free manner and/or decomposes in order to obtain a toner which can be transferred especially in a direct printing mode and which has almost no synthetic matrix residue after firing.

Abstract: A contact switching arrangement with a flat electrically non-conducting cover which forms a switching area on a top facing the user, and has an underside facing away from the user, at which at least one electrode is arranged and is connected with a switching arrangement for triggering a contact signal when a finger of the user or a similar conducting body approaches. The cover has a light-reflecting, electrically non-conducting film, at least over portions, which acts as a non-conductor. The contact switching arrangement is for use in connection with control panels of electronic devices, for example.

Abstract: A ceramic toner which is transferable to a high-temperature resistant glass, glass ceramic or ceramic substrate by electrophotographic printing and which can be fired in a subsequent temperature process, containing color pigment particles in addition to special glass flow particles. According to this invention, the ceramic toner has a thermoplastic synthetic matrix which melts in a homogeneous manner on the substrate within a temperature range of 100° C.-400° C. and which, within the temperature range of 300° C.-500° C., vaporizes in an almost residue-free manner and/or decomposes in order to obtain a toner which can be transferred especially in a direct printing mode and which has almost no synthetic matrix residue after firing.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a danger of damage to a cooking surface for cooling devices, having at least one cooking zone which is heatable by an electrically operated heating device and is arranged on the cooking surface, wherein damage to the cooking surface is monitored on a basis of or as a function of heat effects. The thermally induced mechanical stresses in the cooking surface are directly detected. The method can also be used with viewing windows for an oven.

Abstract: An operating surface for home appliances having an operating panel with at least one operating element and/or indicator element thereon arranged. The operating panel, at least one operating element and/or the at least one indicator element can be illuminated, at least in part, by at least one electrically operated light source. The light source includes at least one organic electroluminescent component, for example an organic light-emitting diode (OLED).

Abstract: A method for producing light-scattering structures on flat optical waveguides into which light can be coupled for making the light-scattering structures visible. The light-scattering structures are applied to a surface of the optical waveguide in accordance with a predetermined arrangement prescription. The light-scattering structures are applied directly to the optical waveguide with a non-impact method. The application of the light-scattering structures can occur by imprinting with a computer-controlled, contactless-operating print head or by electro-photographic coating.

Abstract: A contact switching arrangement with a flat electrically non-conducting cover which forms a switching area on a top facing the user, and has an underside facing away from the user, at which at least one electrode is arranged and is connected with a switching arrangement for triggering a contact signal when a finger of the user or a similar conducting body approaches. The cover has a light-reflecting, electrically non-conducting film, at least over portions, which acts as a non-conductor. The contact switching arrangement is for use in connection with control panels of electronic devices, for example.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for an electric appliance, having a control device and a power supply unit connected with an electric current supply connector for providing functional units, which are to be controlled, of the electric appliance with current. A switch is provided on the electric current supply connector for cutting off the power supply unit from the electric current supply connector on a primary side. The switch has a piezo switch which is open in the non-activated state. The circuit arrangement of this invention is used, for example, in connection with electronic household appliances.

Abstract: The method for automatic determination of validity or invalidity of input from miniaturized keypads or keyboards, in which more than one key is operated at the same time, includes designating a number of keys as principal keys and assigning each key neighboring each principal key as nearest neighbor or next nearest neighbor and then testing each signal produced by key operation. The signal is valid if it is produced by operation of only one single key. However testing continues if two or more keys produce the signal. Then the signal is valid when the two or more keys are correlated in an unambiguous principal key-nearest neighbor key relationship. If not, testing continues further and the signal is valid if the plural keys are correlated in an unambiguous principal key-nearest neighbor key-next nearest neighbor key relationship. Otherwise the signal is an invalid key input.

Abstract: The arrangement for illuminating at least one switch surface (3) provided on a transparent panel (1) has at least one light source (9) and a touch sensor switch (5) arranged behind the at least one switch surface (3). The illumination should not interfere with the switching function and a touch sensor switch (5) does not need its own light source (9). The light source (9) is spaced from the at least one switch surface (3) so that the at least one light source (9) radiates light into the transparent panel (1) or into an optical waveguide (15, 16, 17. 19. 20) arranged on the transparent panel (1). The light of the at least one light source (9) is guided into the transparent panel or the optical waveguide toward the at least one switch surface (3) and conducted into a region between the at least one switch surface (3) and a sensor element (7) of the touch sensor switch (5).

Abstract: A connection of an electrical terminal 13 to a conductor track 5 applied to a glass or glass ceramic plate 1 is to be resistant to temperature change and traction and conductive. For this purpose an electrically conductive connecting element 11 is ultrasonically welded to the composite consisting of the conductor track 5 and plate 1. The connecting element 11 extends to the terminal 13 which is fastened to the plate 1.