Abstract: Apparatus and methods for connecting a device to an integrated circuit. The apparatus includes an insulating substrate that has two major sides and a number of sites for housing components. Each site has a first node on one of the two sides of the insulating substrate and a second node on the other of the two sides of the insulating substrate. Each site also has components that are aligned normal to the sides of the insulating substrate and are connected to the nodes at the site. Such apparatus are useful as adapters for testing an integrated circuit, such as connecting a test device to the integrated circuit with the adapter and observing and/or driving signals through the adapter.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for thresholding an input signal synchronous with a clock signal at a receiver. The input signal is compared with a threshold voltage to produce a difference signal. The difference signal is synchronized with the input signal to generate a feedback signal. The threshold voltage is adjusted based on the feedback signal.

Abstract: An emulation system for performing an on-circuit emulation operation of a component in a data processing system is described. The component includes a plurality of pins coupled to the remaining circuitry of the data processing system. An emulator is coupled to the remaining circuitry in the same manner as that the component is coupled to the remaining circuitry for issuing an on-circuit emulation control signal to one of the plurality of pins of the component to place the component in an on-circuit emulation mode and for performing the on-circuit emulation operation of the component. A reset circuit is coupled to a reset input of the component and a reset input of the emulator for generating a reset signal to reset the component and the emulator. When the reset signal is in a first voltage state, the component and the emulator are in a reset state. When the reset signal reaches a second voltage state, the component and the emulator exit the reset state.