Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatus for constructing and programming quantum annealing hardware. In one aspect, a method includes deriving data characterizing an energy spectrum of a Hamiltonian Htotal that characterizes quantum states of a quantum processor, wherein the quantum processor is controllable such that the Hamiltonian Htotal evolves from an initial Hamiltonian Hi to a problem Hamiltonian Hp comprising an energy spectrum that encodes a solution to an optimization problem, the deriving being based on Hi and Hp at a time that Htotal has the energy spectrum; estimating an average phonon energy of a bath in which the quantum processor is located; and determining, based on the derived data and the calculated average phonon energy, an additional Hamiltonian HQG that when combined with Htotal limits evolution of the quantum state of the quantum processor into the ground state of Hp when Htotal evolves to Hp without diagonalizing Hp.

Abstract: A visual query is received from a client system, along with location information for the client system, and processed by a server system. The server system sends the visual query and the location information to a visual query search system, and receives from the visual query search system enhanced location information based on the visual query and the location information. The server system then sends a search query, including the enhanced location information, to a location-based search system. The search system receives and provides to the client one or more search results to the client system.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for using a quantum oracle to make inference in complex machine learning models that is capable of solving artificial intelligent problems. Input to the quantum oracle is derived from the training data and the model parameters, which maps at least part of the interactions of interconnected units of the model to the interactions of qubits in the quantum oracle. The output of the quantum oracle is used to determine values used to compute loss function values or loss function gradient values or both during a training process.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for quantum assisted optimization. In one aspect, a method includes obtaining a set of initial input states, applying one or more of (i) dynamical thermal fluctuations and (ii) cluster update algorithms to the set of input states and subsequent input states when the states evolve within the classical information processors, applying dynamical quantum fluctuations to the set of input states and subsequent states when the states evolve within the quantum systems and repeating the application steps until a desirable output state is obtained.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for estimating the fidelity of quantum hardware. In one aspect, a method includes accessing a set of quantum gates; sampling a subset of quantum gates from the set of quantum gates, wherein the subset of quantum gates defines a quantum circuit; applying the quantum circuit to a quantum system and performing measurements on the quantum system to determine output information of the quantum system; calculating output information of the quantum system based on application of the quantum circuit to the quantum system; and estimating a fidelity of the quantum circuit based on the determined output information and the calculated output information of the quantum system.

Abstract: A system and method of identifying objects is provided. In one aspect, the system and method includes a hand-held device with a display, camera and processor. As the camera captures images and displays them on the display, the processor compares the information retrieved in connection with one image with information retrieved in connection with subsequent images. The processor uses the result of such comparison to determine the object that is likely to be of greatest interest to the user. The display simultaneously displays the images the images as they are captured, the location of the object in an image, and information retrieved for the object.

Abstract: A quantum computing device includes: a first array of qubits arranged along a first axis; and a second array of qubits arranged along a second axis different from the first axis so that the qubits of the second array intersect with the qubits of the first array to form a lattice structure, in which each qubit in the first array is offset along the second axis relative to a directly adjacent qubit in the first array, each qubit in the second array is offset along the first axis relative to a directly adjacent qubit in the second array, and each intersection between a qubit from the first array and a qubit from the second array in the lattice structure comprises a coupler arranged to inductively couple the qubit from the first array to the qubit from the second array.

Abstract: In one embodiment the present invention is a method for populating and updating a database of images of landmarks including geo-clustering geo-tagged images according to geographic proximity to generate one or more geo-clusters, and visual-clustering the one or more geo-clusters according to image similarity to generate one or more visual clusters. In another embodiment, the present invention is a system for identifying landmarks from digital images, including the following components: a database of geo-tagged images; a landmark database; a geo-clustering module; and a visual clustering module. In other embodiments the present invention may be a method of enhancing user queries to retrieve images of landmarks, or a method of automatically tagging a new digital image with text labels.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for training quantum evolutions using sub-logical controls. In one aspect, a method includes the actions of accessing quantum hardware, wherein the quantum hardware includes a quantum system comprising one or more multi-level quantum subsystems; one or more control devices that operate on the one or more multi-level quantum subsystems according to one or more respective control parameters that relate to a parameter of a physical environment in which the multi-level quantum subsystems are located; initializing the quantum system in an initial quantum state, wherein an initial set of control parameters form a parameterization that defines the initial quantum state; obtaining one or more quantum system observables and one or more target quantum states; and iteratively training until an occurrence of a completion event.

Abstract: A system and method of identifying objects is provided. In one aspect, the system and method includes a hand-held device with a display, camera and processor. As the camera captures images and displays them on the display, the processor compares the information retrieved in connection with one image with information retrieved in connection with subsequent images. The processor uses the result of such comparison to determine the object that is likely to be of greatest interest to the user. The display simultaneously displays the images the images as they are captured, the location of the object in an image, and information retrieved for the object.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for enhancing simulated annealing with quantum fluctuations. In one aspect, a method includes obtaining an input state; performing simulated annealing on the input state with a temperature reduction schedule until a decrease in energy is below a first minimum value; terminating the simulated annealing in response to determining that the decrease in energy is below the first minimum level; outputting a first evolved state and first temperature value; reducing the temperature to a minimum temperature value; performing quantum annealing on the first evolved state with a transversal field increase schedule until a completion of a second event occurs; terminating the quantum annealing in response to determining that a completion of the second event has occurred; outputting a second evolved state as a subsequent input state for the simulated annealing, and determining that the completion of the first event has occurred.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for constructing and programming quantum hardware for machine learning processes. A Quantum Statistic Machine (QSM) is described, consisting of three distinct classes of strongly interacting degrees of freedom including visible, hidden and control quantum subspaces or subsystems. The QSM is defined with a programmable non-equilibrium ergodic open quantum Markov chain with a unique attracting steady state in the space of density operators. The solution of an information processing task, such as a statistical inference or optimization task, can be encoded into the quantum statistics of an attracting steady state, where quantum inference is performed by minimizing the energy of a real or fictitious quantum Hamiltonian. The couplings of the QSM between the visible and hidden nodes may be trained to solve hard optimization or inference tasks.

Abstract: A quantum computing device includes multiple co-planar waveguide flux qubits, at least one coupler element arranged such that each co-planar waveguide flux qubit, of the multiple co-planar waveguide flux qubits, is operatively couplable to each other co-planar waveguide flux qubit, of the multiple co-planar waveguide flux qubits, of the quantum computing device, and a tuning quantum device, in which the tuning quantum device is in electrical contact with a first co-planar waveguide flux qubit of the plurality of co-planar waveguide flux qubits and with a second co-planar waveguide flux qubit of the plurality of co-planar waveguide flux qubits.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for designing an artificial quantum thermal bath. In one aspect, an apparatus includes a primary quantum system; an auxiliary quantum system comprising a plurality of modes and that interacts with the primary quantum system, wherein: the auxiliary system interacts with the primary quantum system through one or more couplings, wherein the one or more couplings are controllable; a steady state of the auxiliary system, a response function of the auxiliary quantum system, an auxiliary system operator, and a spectrum of the auxiliary quantum system are determined to meet a respective condition; and the auxiliary system is controllable to relax the primary quantum system to an equilibrium state using a controllable function of the auxiliary system operator.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for constructing and programming quantum hardware for quantum annealing processes.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for constructing and programming quantum hardware for quantum annealing processes.

Abstract: A visual query is received from a client system, along with location information for the client system, and processed by a server system. The server system sends the visual query and the location information to a visual query search system, and receives from the visual query search system enhanced location information based on the visual query and the location information. The server system then sends a search query, including the enhanced location information, to a location-based search system. The search system receives and provides to the client one or more search results to the client system.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for training quantum evolutions using sub-logical controls. In one aspect, a method includes the actions of accessing quantum hardware, wherein the quantum hardware includes a quantum system comprising one or more multi-level quantum subsystems; one or more control devices that operate on the one or more multi-level quantum subsystems according to one or more respective control parameters that relate to a parameter of a physical environment in which the multi-level quantum subsystems are located; initializing the quantum system in an initial quantum state, wherein an initial set of control parameters form a parameterization that defines the initial quantum state; obtaining one or more quantum system observables and one or more target quantum states; and iteratively training until an occurrence of a completion event.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for processing queries made up of images. In one aspect, a method includes indexing images by image descriptors. The method further includes associating descriptive n-grams with the images. In another aspect, a method includes receiving a query, identifying text describing the query, and performing a search according to the text identified for the query.

Abstract: A visual query is received from a client system, along with location information for the client system, and processed by a server system. The server system sends the visual query and the location information to a visual query search system, and receives from the visual query search system enhanced location information based on the visual query and the location information. The server system then sends a search query, including the enhanced location information, to a location-based search system. The search system receives and provides to the client one or more search results to the client system.