Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device in which deterioration of energy loss is suppressed. The semiconductor device includes: a drift layer of a first conductivity type provided between a first main surface and a second main surface of a semiconductor substrate; and a field stop layer of the first conductivity type having an impurity concentration higher than that of the drift layer and provided between the drift layer and the second main surface. A net carrier concentration profile at room temperature of the field stop layer have at least one peak from the second main surface toward the first main surface. A hydrogen atom concentration profile of the field stop layer have at least two peaks from the second main surface toward the first main surface. The hydrogen atom concentration profile has more peaks than the net carrier concentration profile.

Abstract: A film forming method forms a coating film on a workpiece (e.g., a cylinder head) having a film-deposited portion (e.g., an annular valve seat part) by moving a nozzle of a cold spray device relative to the workpiece along a film formation trajectory having a film formation starting point and a film formation finishing point in which the film-deposited portion overlaps to form an overlapping portion. The coating film is formed by causing a raw material powder to collide in a solid-phase state with the workpiece and plastically deform. Also, the coating film on the film-deposited portion is further formed such that an inclination angle of an end part of the coating film relative to a surface of the film-deposited portion is 45° or less at the film formation starting point of the overlapping portion.

Abstract: An accelerator device having an organ structure includes a pad, a case, an inside movable mechanism, an arm, and a cover. The pad is pressed by a driver. The case is attachable to a vehicle body and includes a front wall, a rear wall, and an opened side. The inside movable mechanism is housed in the case and includes a shaft, a pedal, and a bias member. The arm penetrates an opening of the case so as to connect the pad to the pedal. The cover covers the opened side. The case on the vehicle body includes a drain passage positioned below a lowest position of a root of the pedal in a movement track while the pedal is moved from an accelerator idle state to an accelerator full-throttle state.

Abstract: A cold spray device basically include at least a pedestal, a base plate, a motor, a spray gun, a high-pressure pipe and a rotating joint. The pedestal is configured to support a workpiece in a predetermined orientation. The base plate is disposed in a position away from the workpiece. The motor is arranged to cause the base plate to rotate about a rotational axis. The spray gun is mounted on the base plate so that a spray direction is directed toward the rotational axis. The high-pressure pipe guides a working gas to the spray gun. The rotating joint is provided to a base end of the high-pressure pipe. The high-pressure pipe is arranged along the rotational axis.

Abstract: A film forming method forms a coating film on a workpiece having at least two film-deposited portions which are not continuous with each other by moving a nozzle of a cold spray device relative to each other along a continuous movement trajectory. The movement trajectory includes at least two trajectories corresponding to the film-deposited portions and a connecting trajectory linking the trajectories of the film-deposited portions. The film-deposited portions are formed by continuously spraying a raw material powder from the nozzle by cold spraying to form a coating film on each of the plurality of film-deposited portions. A turnback point of the spraying is set on the connecting trajectory where a relative speed between the workpiece and the nozzle decreases in the movement trajectory.

Abstract: A film forming method forms a coating film on a workpiece (e.g., a cylinder head) having a film-deposited portion (e.g., an annular valve seat part) by moving a nozzle of a cold spray device relative to the workpiece along a film formation trajectory having a film formation starting point and a film formation finishing point in which the film-deposited portion overlaps to form an overlapping portion. The coating film is formed by causing a raw material powder to collide in a solid-phase state with the workpiece and plastically deform. Also, the coating film on the film-deposited portion is further formed such that an inclination angle of an end part of the coating film relative to a surface of the film-deposited portion is 45° or less at the film formation starting point of the overlapping portion.

Abstract: A joined body includes: a first member having a hole; and a second member that is press-fitted to the hole. The second member has a second abutment surface abutting against a first abutment surface which is an inner wall of the first member forming the hole. A groove portion is defined on one of an inner wall of the first member and an outer wall of the second member, and has a groove formed to extend in a press-fitting direction of the second member to the first member. An insertion portion is formed to protrude in a radial direction from the other of the inner wall of the first member and the outer wall of the second member, and is inserted in the groove. The groove portion has an engagement portion that is able to be engaged with an end portion of the insertion portion in the press-fitting direction.

Abstract: An accelerator device having an organ structure includes a pad, a case, an inside movable mechanism, an arm, and a cover. The pad is pressed by a driver. The case is attachable to a vehicle body and includes a front wall, a rear wall, and an opened side. The inside movable mechanism is housed in the case and includes a shaft, a pedal, and a bias member. The arm penetrates an opening of the case so as to connect the pad to the pedal. The cover covers the opened side. The case on the vehicle body includes a drain passage positioned below a lowest position of a root of the pedal in a movement track while the pedal is moved from an accelerator idle state to an accelerator full-throttle state.

Abstract: A pedal device includes a base disposed on an inner wall surface of a vehicle body, a pedal pad movable relative to the base, and a pad fixation portion configured to fix the pedal pad to be immovable relative to the base.

Abstract: An accelerator device includes a pedal pad and a strain gauge. When a driver of a vehicle having the accelerator device depresses the pedal pad, the pedal pad is deformed in a direction of a blank arrow. The strain gauge senses the displacement amount of the pedal pad in the direction of the blank arrow and outputs an electric signal, which corresponds to the displacement amount, to an outside as the depression amount of the accelerator device. When the driver removes a foot from the pedal pad, the pedal pad returns to a state of the pedal pad that is not depressed by the driver. Therefore, it is possible to limit occurrence of that the depression amount of the pedal pad becomes an unintended value due to, for example, catching of the pedal pad by a floor mat. As a result, the accelerator device can reliably sense the depression amount.

Abstract: The pedal device includes a pedal portion which the operator depresses, a pedal effort detecting portion being configured to detect the magnitude of the pedal effort in the depression direction when the operator depresses the pedal portion and being configured to output a signal corresponding to the magnitude of the pedal effort to the outside.

Abstract: A terminal insert article includes a metal terminal, and a resin molded article in which the terminal is inserted. The molded article is formed by injection molding. When a position of the molded article into which molten resin is injected at time of the injection molding is referred to as a resin injection position, the resin injection position is formed in a projecting shape. The molded article includes a spherical surface part at an opposite position from the resin injection position. The spherical surface part has a spherical surface shape swollen out in a direction away from the resin injection position. A component that constitutes a rotation angle sensor, which detects a rotation angle of a rotatably-supported shaft, is inserted in the molded article.

Abstract: A pedal device includes a base disposed on an inner wall surface of a vehicle body, a pedal pad movable relative to the base, and a pad fixation portion configured to fix the pedal pad to be immovable relative to the base.

Abstract: In a fastening structure and an accelerator pedal device using the fastening structure, a screw is inserted into a screw insertion hole of a cover from a side of the cover facing away from a housing, and the screw is screwed into a screwing hole of a fastening portion of the housing. An annular space is provided between an edge of the screw insertion hole and the fastening portion.

Abstract: An acceleration device includes: a support portion that has a communication passage, which communicates between a receiving space and an outside; a shaft that is rotatably supported by the support portion; a pedal boss portion that is located on a radially outer side of the shaft and is rotatable integrally with the shaft in the communication passage; a rotational angle sensor that is operable to sense a rotational angle of the shaft relative to the support portion; a pedal spring that urges rotation of the shaft in an accelerator closing direction; and a projection that is formed in a communication passage inner wall, which is an inner wall of the communication passage and is opposed to a boss portion outer wall of the pedal boss portion. The projection projects from the communication passage inner wall in a radially inward direction.

Abstract: An accelerator device includes a pedal pad and a strain gauge. When a driver of a vehicle having the accelerator device depresses the pedal pad, the pedal pad is deformed in a direction of a blank arrow. The strain gauge senses the displacement amount of the pedal pad in the direction of the blank arrow and outputs an electric signal, which corresponds to the displacement amount, to an outside as the depression amount of the accelerator device. When the driver removes a foot from the pedal pad, the pedal pad returns to a state of the pedal pad that is not depressed by the driver. Therefore, it is possible to limit occurrence of that the depression amount of the pedal pad becomes an unintended value due to, for example, catching of the pedal pad by a floor mat. As a result, the accelerator device can reliably sense the depression amount.

Abstract: The pedal device includes a pedal portion which the operator depresses, a pedal effort detecting portion being configured to detect the magnitude of the pedal effort in the depression direction when the operator depresses the pedal portion and being configured to output a signal corresponding to the magnitude of the pedal effort to the outside.

Abstract: An acceleration device includes: a support portion that has a communication passage, which communicates between a receiving space and an outside; a shaft that is rotatably supported by the support portion; a pedal boss portion that is located on a radially outer side of the shaft and is rotatable integrally with the shaft in the communication passage; a rotational angle sensor that is operable to sense a rotational angle of the shaft relative to the support portion; a pedal spring that urges rotation of the shaft in an accelerator closing direction; and a projection that is formed in a communication passage inner wall, which is an inner wall of the communication passage and is opposed to a boss portion outer wall of the pedal boss portion. The projection projects from the communication passage inner wall in a radially inward direction.

Abstract: A joined body includes: a first member having a hole; and a second member that is press-fitted to the hole. The second member has a second abutment surface abutting against a first abutment surface which is an inner wall of the first member forming the hole. A groove portion is defined on one of an inner wall of the first member and an outer wall of the second member, and has a groove formed to extend in a press-fitting direction of the second member to the first member. An insertion portion is formed to protrude in a radial direction from the other of the inner wall of the first member and the outer wall of the second member, and is inserted in the groove. The groove portion has an engagement portion that is able to be engaged with an end portion of the insertion portion in the press-fitting direction.

Abstract: A terminal insert article includes a metal terminal, and a resin molded article in which the terminal is inserted. The molded article is formed by injection molding. When a position of the molded article into which molten resin is injected at time of the injection molding is referred to as a resin injection position, the resin injection position is formed in a projecting shape. The molded article includes a spherical surface part at an opposite position from the resin injection position. The spherical surface part has a spherical surface shape swollen out in a direction away from the resin injection position. A component that constitutes a rotation angle sensor, which detects a rotation angle of a rotatably-supported shaft, is inserted in the molded article.