Abstract: A nozzle (10) has a fluid inlet, an outlet orifice (20) through which fluid can be expelled from the nozzle in the form of a spray, and a fluid passage for fluidly connecting the fluid inlet with the outlet orifice. The fluid passage includes a swirl chamber (14) immediately upstream of the outlet orifice (20) having opposed front and rear end faces (18, 16). At least one inlet orifice (24, 26) directs fluid into the chamber and the outlet orifice (20) is formed in the front end face (18) of the chamber. The swirl chamber has a minimum length measured from the front end face to the rear end face in the range of 0.03 mm to 0.6 mm and a ratio of maximum width Wmax to minimum length (Wma?/Lmin) in the range of 10:1 to 40:1.

Abstract: A nozzle arrangement includes a chamber (204) having a plurality of divergent inlet orifices (203) which are directed towards opposed walls (205) or sidewalls (206) of the chamber (204).

Abstract: A nozzle arrangement has a swirl chamber (310) with at least one fluid inlet (312, 314). The inlet is configured to direct fluid into the chamber non-tangentially to the surface of the chamber. Where there are two or more inlets, one of the inlets may have a larger cross-sectional area than the other. Also disclosed are nozzle arrangements having swirl chambers in which the inlets are arranged counter-tangentially, and nozzle arrangements having a swirl chamber whose surface curves longitudinally of the chamber as well as laterally.

Abstract: Nozzle arrangement for generating a spray of fluid comprise a body defining a flow passageway (10), which receives fluid from a supply via an inlet (11 or 12) and is configured to present a plurality of chambers (13, 16, 20) separated by constriction such as (15, 17). The chambers include expansion chambers such as (13, 20), and the constrictions may be associated with respective convergent and divergent passage sections (14, 19). The inner surfaces of the passageway or chambers, may be provide with small scale structures such as grooves, ribs, pits or protrusions.

Abstract: A nozzle arrangement comprises a body (10) of two parts (11), (12) which define between them a fluid passage (15), leading to a discharge outlet (25), from a feed passage (17). The passageway contains a chamber (19) wherein is located a flap member (20) which can be displaced by increased pressure of fluid flow in the passageway to variably obstruct an outlet orifice (21). This may be achieved by the cooperation of holes or notches in the displaceable flap member and corresponding apertures or notches in a fixed member.