Abstract: The pacemaker includes a casing housing a pulse generator having at least one electrode tip preferably projecting out of said casing and being insulated therefrom, whereby no plug-receptacle nor electrode catheter is required. The pacemaker is to be surgically located below the heart in the virtual cavity formed between the epicardium and the pericardium with its electrode tip in close contact with the epicardium of the heart.

Abstract: A percutaneous insertable electrode device for transitory or permanent stimulation of the heart or other organs, comprising a rigid tubular member provided with perforating front means defining depth control means, a core removably housable in said tubular member, said core including projectable anchoring means and insulated electrical conductor means connected to said core and a method for implanting such electrode device.

Abstract: A catheter type electrode member for an implantable pacemaker, insertable from without from the epicardium into the heart muscle for cardiac stimulation, of the type comprising a holder of dielectric elastic material including a stem terminating in an enlarged resilient pad having the shape of a platform. One major surface of the platform pivotally supporting an arcuately curved electricity conducting hook, which projects out of said pad and has its tip portion pointing back towards said major surface and preferably two spaced apart anchoring needles likewise projecting out from said major surface, conveniently in a diverging manner. Upon insertion from the outside through the epicardium of the hook into the heart muscle by a tool gripping the hook, release of the hook allows the elastic pad to expand against the outer heart surface at the same time as the anchoring needles are made to penetrate also into the epicardium, thereby positively anchoring the electrode member in position.