Abstract: A measuring device for measuring the concentricity of cartridges (30, 31), more particularly rifle cartridges, is essentially composed of a main body (1) provided with chambers (2) for cartridges of one or a plurality of calibers. The cartridges are radially retained in the chambers by so-called diameter compensators (9) but rotatable about their longitudinal axis. In the area of the point (39) of the projectile, an access for a measuring means (3) is provided, e.g., a dial gauge, the latter indicating the deviation of the projectile from perfect concentricity by the magnitude of its deflection variation when the cartridge (30, 31) is rotated. An aligning device (4) that is preferably also provided allows to exert a lateral pressure on the projectile in order to obtain an improved concentricity.

Abstract: A measuring device for measuring the concentricity of cartridges (30, 31), more particularly rifle cartridges, is essentially composed of a main body (1) provided with chambers (2) for cartridges of one or a plurality of calibers. The cartridges are radially retained in the chambers by so-called diameter compensators (9) but rotatable about their longitudinal axis. In the area of the point (39) of the projectile, an access for a measuring means (3) is provided, e.g., a dial gauge, the latter indicating the deviation of the projectile from perfect concentricity by the magnitude of its deflection variation when the cartridge (30, 31) is rotated. An aligning device (4) that is preferably also provided allows to exert a lateral pressure on the projectile in order to obtain an improved concentricity.

Abstract: A measuring device for measuring the concentricity of cartridges (30, 31), more particularly rifle cartridges, is essentially composed of a main body (1) provided with chambers (2) for cartridges of one or a plurality of calibers. The cartridges are radially retained in the chambers by so-called diameter compensators (9) but rotatable about their longitudinal axis. In the area of the point (39) of the projectile, an access for a measuring means (3) is provided, e.g. a dial gauge, the latter indicating the deviation of the projectile from perfect concentricity by the magnitude of its deflection variation when the cartridge (30, 31) is rotated. An aligning device (4) that is preferably also provided allows to exert a lateral pressure on the projectile in order to obtain an improved concentricity.

Abstract: A measuring device for measuring the concentricity of cartridges (30, 31), more particularly rifle cartridges, is essentially composed of a main body (1) provided with chambers (2) for cartridges of one or a plurality of calibers. The cartridges are radially retained in the chambers by so-called diameter compensators (9) but rotatable about their longitudinal axis. In the area of the point (39) of the projectile, an access for a measuring means (3) is provided, e.g. a dial gauge, the latter indicating the deviation of the projectile from perfect concentricity by the magnitude of its deflection variation when the cartridge (30, 31) is rotated. An aligning device (4) that is preferably also provided allows to exert a lateral pressure on the projectile in order to obtain an improved concentricity.

Abstract: A method of producing a cold-rolled strip from a stainless, ferretic or austenitic high-grade steel or a titanium alloy, wherein the strip which has been wound into a coil and has been manufactured by a hot-rolling or casting process is subjected in one pass to the steps of unwinding the coil, mechanically descaling the strip if required, subsequently chemically and/or electrochemically first or black pickling of the strip, then cold-rolling the strip to finished dimensions, degreasing the strip as required, annealing the strip, finish-pickling the strip and, if necessary, passivating, dressing and stretcher-leveling the strip. The pickling step is carried out in a pickling solution which contains hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and/or nitric acid.

Abstract: A positioning cylinder assembly for subterranean mining applications has a rotary potentiometer connected through a friction wheel transmission with the spindle of the cylinder which is rotated when the piston is axially displaced therein. The friction wheel assembly comprises a pinion wheel connected to the spindle and a hollow wheel connected to the rotary potentiometer, that not only matches the pitch of the spindle to the rotary spring of the potentiometer but also functions as a slip clutch for zero setting of the potentionmeter and the piston.

Abstract: A mining apparatus of the type in which a mining machine excavates a mining face, especially a coal face in a subterranean mining application, and has a plurality of emitters of electromagnetic waves of different character diverging toward receivers on the individual walking props. The walking props are provided with a control unit which, in response to leading and trailing zones of the respective magnetic beams and/or an overlap region of the two beams, causes the advance of the walking prop as the mining machine travels past it to follow the excavation of the mining face.

Abstract: The noise spectrum in a mining chamber is captured by at least one microphone and is digitized and filtered to separate an operation-typical pattern from an operation atypical pattern. The operation atypical pattern is compared with reference patterns to establish the malfunction or vocal command or emergency and the apparatus is automatically operated in response thereto.

Abstract: The pressure sensor has a mechanical pressure receiving member and a mechanical-electrical transducer connected to it. The transducer comprises a permanent magnet attached with a moving portion of the pressure receiving member which cooperates with a locally fixed Hall-effect sensor mounted on the housing. To linearize the characteristic response curve of the transducer the inner surface of the housing wall is shaped like a funnel in a region between the permenent magnet and the Hall-effect sensor and in the vicinity of the permanent magnet. Because of this geometry the field strength lines are bunched increasingly on increasing separation of the permanent magnet from the Hall-effect sensor so that the field strength at the Hall-effect sensor increases and/or decreases approximately linearly with displacement path of the magnet.

Abstract: A mining system comprises a laterally deflectable segmented conveyor extending longitudinally along a longitudinal face from which material is to be cut, a mining machine displaceable longitudinally along the conveyor and engageable with the face to cut material therefrom and deposit in the conveyor, and a longitudinal succession of support frames each having a respective actuator connected to a respective segment of the conveyor and each also having a respective a respective retractile roof-engaging flap. The process of this invention comprises bracing the frames and conveyor in a safety zone immediately adjacent the mining machine against the roof with their flaps retracted. The machine is advanced in the safety zone while cutting the face in the safety zone, and the flaps of the frames in a zone immediately downstream of the safety zone are sequentially retracted and the flaps of the frames in a zone upstream of the safety zone are sequentially advanced.

Abstract: A method in underground coal mining for separating the upper coal of the seam from the roof during the advancement of the upper sliding cap of a support frame, wherein the front edge of the cap is forced in a plane of the cap between the upper coal to be separated and the rock from which the coal is to be separated. During the advancement of the sliding cap, the sliding cap is alternatingly moved backwardly and forwardly, so that the from edge of the sliding cap separates the upper coal during its forward movement. Alternatively or additionally, when the front edge of the sliding cap contacts the upper coal, alternatingly higher and lower pressure can be admitted to the sliding cap in order to obtain a shaking effect. In this combined method, the sliding cap is advanced, the shaking procedure is carried out as the front edge contacts the upper coal, and the sliding cap is subsequently moved backwardly. The cycle is then repeated several times.

Abstract: A recording medium possessing an envelope has at least one identification part which is mounted so that its position can be altered but it cannot be accidentally lost, and which is symmetrical about at least one axis, in particular a middle axis, and is associated with at least one wall of the envelope. To permit error-free assembly/handling, the identification part advantageously has a shape which permits at least two equivalent mounted positions on the envelope.

Abstract: In a tape cassette, particularly a video tape cassette, equalization of electrostatic charges between the two faces of the tape is effected by a connector element or connector elements electrically connecting at least one of two electrically conducting guide elements contacting the front of the tape and provided on the two sides, respectively, of the cassette with at least the associated one of two electrically conducting tape deflecting elements provided in the two respective front corners of the tape cassette. In this manner sticking of the tape to the deflecting elements due to electrostatic attraction therebetween and also the build-up of electrostatic charges along the tape path parallel to the front of the cassette housing due to the transporting of such charges from the deflecting elements as a result of the tape travel, are counteracted.

Abstract: A method of controlling a plurality of hydraulically-actuated arrangements in underground excavations, comprises the steps of providing an electrical power supply, connecting a plurality of control devices with said power supply and interconnecting the control devices with one another, arranging a plurality of current-suppliable consumers to be connected with the control devices, comparing in each of the control devices a coded information about a number of consumers which have been current supplied from the power supply with a maximum possible number of consumers which can be supplied from the power supply, determining from the comparison the number of the consumers which still can be current-supplied and obtaining by the control device a release for current supplying such consumers, adding consumers which are released by the control device and current supplied with the consumers which have been indicated in the control device as current-supplied, and further transferring the result of the addition in coded

Abstract: A tape cassette has a housing, at least one tape reel, a front wall and a pressure spring for exerting a spring force on the tape reel(s). The pressure spring is held, e.g. jammed or wedged, between the front wall and a connecting pin connecting parts of the housing together by means of anchoring means forming part of the spring itself.

Abstract: Spring elements, as brake and tape tensioning elements, are provided with two or more locking elements having a predetermined difference in length. The devices of which various embodiments are disclosed can be advantageously used for tape cassettes of any type possessing reel brakes, and in particular for small cassettes.

Abstract: A tape cassette is provided with a pressure plate spring which has a tape-length indication comprising indicator elements which have been cut in or cut out mechanically. Advantageously, both long arms possess such indicators, which may even be of different types. In a particularly advantageous spring shape, one long spring arm has an edge possessing incisions and the other long spring arm has an edge possessing projections, as a result of which the springs can be arranged for punching in such a way that waste is avoided.

Abstract: A tape guide system, especially a tape guide system for a magnetic tape cassette, comprising conductive connecting means between the tape guide elements and/or the front and back of the tape, prevents the tape from blocking, slipping from the tape reels, or folding over. In practical embodiments, pieces of flexible conductive plastics film are arranged in the vicinity of the guide elements. The novel tape guide system can be used in any type of magnetic tape transport mechanism in which increased friction occurs when the tape is transported, especially in video cassettes for all systems.

Abstract: A tape cassette, in particular a video cassette, comprises two flanged reels and, between the flanges of each reel, a spring member as a biassing means to prevent the tape from slipping off the roll or folding over. The spring members can be attached to the side walls or rear wall of the housing, and their free ends constantly bear against the peripheries of the tape rolls. In specific embodiment the spring member advantageously includes the braking spring for a reel-braking device. By using a conductive material on one or both sides of the spring member and appropriately arranging the spring member relative to a tape guide element or to an element grounded on the tape recorder, it is possible to directly prevent tape loop formation, which is a cause of tape slippage and folding-over. Moreover, tape winding and unwinding are improved.

Abstract: A tape cassette, in particular a video cassette, comprises two flanged reels and, between the flanges of each reel, a spring member as a biassing means to prevent the tape from slipping off the roll or folding over. The spring members can be attached to the side walls or rear wall of the housing, and their free ends constantly bear against the peripheries of the tape rolls. In specific embodiment the spring member advantageously includes the braking spring for a reel-braking device. By using a conductive material on one or both sides of the spring member and appropriately arranging the spring member relative to a tape guide element or to an element grounded on the tape recorder, it is possible to directly prevent tape loop formation, which is a cause of tape slippage and folding-over. Moreover, tape winding and unwinding are improved.