Abstract: A method for generating a signal having a frame structure, each frame of the frame structure comprising at least one useful symbol, a guard interval associated to the at least one useful symbol and a reference symbol, comprises the steps of performing an amplitude modulation of a bit sequence such that the envelope of the amplitude modulated bit sequence defines a reference pattern of the reference symbol and inserting the amplitude modulated bit sequence into said signal as said reference symbol. A method for frame synchronization of a signal having such a frame structure comprises the steps of receiving the signal, down-converting the received signal, performing an amplitude-demodulation of the down-converted signal in order to generate an envelope, correlating the envelope with a predetermined reference pattern in order to detect a signal reference pattern of the reference symbol in the signal, and performing the frame synchronization based on the detection of the signal reference pattern.

Abstract: In a method for coding an audio signal to obtain a coded bit stream, discrete-time samples of the audio signal are transformed into the frequency domain to obtain spectral values. The spectral values are coded with a code table having a limited number of code words of different lengths to obtain spectral values coded by code words, the length of a code word assigned to a spectral value being that much shorter the higher the probability of occurrence of the spectral value is. A raster is then specified for the coded bit stream, the raster having equidistant raster points and the distance between the raster points depending on the code table(s) used. In order to obtain error-tolerant Huffman coding, priority code words, which represent particular spectral values which are psychoacoustically more important than other spectral values, are so arranged in the raster that the start of each priority code word coincides with a raster point.

Abstract: A method of performing an echo phase offset correction in a multi-carrier demodulation system involves the step of differential phase decoding phase shifts based on a phase difference between simultaneous carriers having different frequencies. An echo phase offset is determined for each decoded phase shift by eliminating phase shift uncertainties related to the transmitted information from the decoded phase shift. The echo phase offsets are averaged in order to generate an averaged offset. Finally, each decoded phase shift is corrected based on the averaged offset.

Abstract: A method for providing an information unit to a user is described, wherein the information unit describes an object having a predetermined spatial relationship to the user. The method includes detecting a kind of movement or a position of the user. Depending on the detected kind of movement or the position of the user, a geographic selection criterion is adjusted, wherein, depending on the predetermined spatial relationship of object to user, the geographic selection criterion specifies whether the information unit is provided or not. If a location of the user is located such with respect to a geographic position of the user that the geographic selection criterion is met, the information unit for the object is reproduced. An advantage is that the concept may be employed in applications in which the user gets into different environments and situations which, in turn, require different geographic selection criteria.

Abstract: A device for controlling the communication in a system comprises a transmitter, a receiver and a chip module. The transmitter and the receiver are communicatively connected. The chip module is communicatively connected to the receiver and is inserted in the same. The device includes a generator for generating a communication object. The communication object comprises a parameter block in which at least one instruction is defined which defines how the communication between the receiver and the module is to be performed. The communication object further comprises a payload data block in which data is defined causing a communication between the receiver and the chip module. The device further includes a means for transferring the communication object from the transmitter to the receiver.

Abstract: A method for detecting a transient in a discrete-time audio signal is performed completely in the time domain and includes the step of segmenting the discrete-time audio signal so as to generate consecutive segments of the same length with unfiltered discrete-time audio signals xs(T−1). The discrete-time audio signal in a current segment is subsequently filtered. Then either the energy of the filtered discrete-time audio signal in the current segment can be compared with the energy of the filtered discrete-time audio signal in a preceding segment or a current relationship between the energy of the filtered discrete-time audio signal in the current segment and the energy of the unfiltered discrete-time audio signal in the current segment can be formed and this current relationship compared with a preceding corresponding relationship. On the basis of the one and/or the other of these comparisons it is detected whether a transient is present in the discrete-time audio signal.

Abstract: A method for the analysis of a biological sample for determining a change thereof relative to a healthy biological sample includes creating a first image of the biological sample at a first acquisition modality and creating a second image of the biological samples at a second acquisition modality. The first image is classified on the basis of a first pre-determined parameter, and the second image is classified on the basis of a second pre-determined parameter, the first image being classified independently of the second image. Then, depending on the classification results, it is determined if the biological sample comprises a change relative to a healthy biological sample.

Abstract: In a method for signalling a noise substitution when coding an audio signal, the time-domain audio signal is first transformed into the frequency domain to obtain spectral values. The spectral values are subsequently grouped together to form groups of spectral values. On the basis of a detection establishing whether a group of spectral values is a noisy group or not, a codebook is allocated to a non-noisy or tonal group by means of a codebook number for redundancy coding of the same. If a group is noisy, an additional codebook number which does not refer to a codebook is allocated to it in order to signal that this group is noisy and therefore does not have to be redundancy coded. By signalling noise substitution by means of a Huffman codebook number for noisy groups of spectral values, which are e.g.

Abstract: For reducing a peak value in single-carrier modulated or multi-carrier modulated digital transmitter signals, the peak value is first determined from a plurality of transmitter symbols contained in the digital signal. If a predetermined value is exceeded, a replacement symbol is generated which replaces a predetermined transmitter symbol. The replacement symbol is so chosen that it lowers the peak value and is convertible into the original transmitter symbol without error using a coding which was used to create the transmitter symbols.

Abstract: The invention is based on the knowledge that a representation of an object can be improved via a transmission with regard to a subsequent reconstruction of the object based on the representation, by using simulated data, which correspond to a simulated transmission of the object already prior to a reconstruction as advance information for measuring a transmission of the object and/or for generating the representation from a measured transmission. An inventive method for the representation of an object via a transmission comprises providing simulated data, which correspond to a simulated transmission of the object, for example in a memory, and using the simulated data for measuring a transmission of the object, for example in a computertomograph, to obtain the transmission of the object, by a control and/or using the simulated data for generating the representation from a measured transmission by a data preparation means.

Abstract: A DECT transmit-receive terminal comprises a plurality of transmit-receive antennas for communicating with a DECT base station, a device for determining the quality of a communications connection between the DECT transmit-receive terminal and the DECT base station, and a means for switching over from one transmit-receive antenna to another transmit-receive antenna, said switch-over means being connected to the determining device for switching over if the quality of the communications connection is below a predetermined threshold. An antenna diversity effect is thus realized for the DECT transmit-receive terminal by means of which the transmission quality of the communications connection is improved.

Abstract: A system for determining the position of an object, comprising a reference transmitter device (202) disposed in a fixed position, the reference transmitter device (202) having a reference time supplying means for supplying a reference time signal that indicates a reference time, at least two transmitter/receiver devices (302) disposed in fixed positions with respect to each other and to the reference transmitter device (202), each transmitter/receiver device (302) having a time supplying means for supplying a time signal indicating a time, a receiver means for receiving the reference time signal from the reference transmitter device (202) and a synchronization means for processing the time signal and the reference time signal, as well as a position determining device (502) on the object for determining the position of the object.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an I/Q modulator, which is used for processing a time-discrete I/Q signal comprising an I component and a Q component which is orthogonal thereto, the I/Q signal being based on a sampling frequency which is equal to four times a carrier frequency of a carrier signal onto which the I/Q signal is to be modulated, and which comprises a predistorter for predistorting the I component and the Q component with a predistortion signal, which depends on the I component and the Q component, so as to form a predistorted I component and, in temporal alternation therewith, a predistorted Q component, and an adjuster for adjusting the signs of the temporally alternating predistorted I components and predistorted Q components so that two temporally successive predistorted components have a first sign and two additional successive predistorted components, which follow said first-mentioned components in time, have a second sign which is inverse to said first sign, so as to produce therefrom an

Abstract: A device for pretreating a signal (S1) to be transmitted over a transmission path, wherein the transmission path comprises a band-pass filter (14) whose pass-band width is smaller than a predetermined bandwidth and a non-linear amplifier (16), includes a linearization means (20) for performing a linearization of the signal (S1) to be transmitted before the transmission of the same, such that a non-linearity caused by the non-linear amplifier (16) is counteracted. Further, the device includes a signal-shaping means (22) downstream to the linearization means (20) comprising a frequency response such that the overall frequency response of the signal-shaping means (22) and the band-pass filter (14) corresponds to the frequency response of a filter whose pass-band width is at least equal to the predetermined bandwidth.

Abstract: An I/Q modulator used for processing an I/Q signal so as to obtain a predistorted output signal, said I/Q signal having an I component and a Q component, and comprising a predistorter for predistorting with a predistortion signal a carrier signal, which comprises a first subcomponent and a second subcomponent that is substantially orthogonal to said first subcomponent, so as to obtain a first and a second predistorted subcomponent of the carrier signal, said predistortion signal depending on the I component and the Q component, a first multiplier for multiplying the I component by the first predistorted subcomponent so as to obtain a multiplied I component, a second multiplier for multiplying the Q component by the second predistorted subcomponent so as to obtain a multiplied Q component, and an adder for adding the multiplied I component and the negative multiplied Q component so as to obtain the predistorted output signal.

Abstract: An antenna for receiving satellite signals and terrestrial signals comprises a monopole having a first end, which is connected to a feeding point, and a second end, and an unfed dipole which is arranged in spaced relationship with the second end of the monopole and in axial alignment with said monopole. By means of this arrangement a maximum antenna gain lying at an elevation angle of approx. 45° is achieved. An antenna modification device comprises a dipole and a connection element by means of which the dipole can be connected to the end of an existing monopole antenna in such a way that the dipole is unfed and arranged in spaced relationship with the second end of the monopole as well as in axial alignment with the monopole.

Abstract: A circuit for pre-distorting an input signal v to be transmitted via a power amplifier having a non-linear transmission characteristic to produce a pre-distorted input signal y comprises an estimator (10) for determining an estimation signal (22) based on the power of said input signal v. A look-up table (20) is provided for storing complex pre-distortion coefficients BR and AI which depend on the power of the input Signal v and the non-linear transmission characteristic of the power amplifier determined in advance. For BR, the relation BR=AR−K, K being a constant with 0<K <2 applies, and AR and AI are the real and imaginary parts of a complex pre-distortion function which provides a pre-distortion of the input signal v such that the distortion introduced by the non-linear transmission characteristic of the power amplifier is substantially compensated according to magnitude and phase.

Abstract: A circuit for reducing adjacent-channel interference by pre-linearizing and pre-distorting an input signal to be transmitted via a power amplifier having a non-linear transmission characteristic is disclosed. A portion of the input signal exceeding a dynamic range of the power amplifier is determined and expanded along the time axis to produce an expanded version thereof. The expanded version and the input signal are combined, such that the expanded version is subtracted from the input signal, to produce a pre-linearized signal. The circuit further has a pre-distorting unit for pre-distorting the pre-linearized signal using complex pre-distortion coefficients, such that the distortion introduced by the non-linear transmission characteristic of the power amplifier is substantially compensated for according to magnitude and phase.

Abstract: In a coding method and a coder for introducing a non-audible data signal into an audio signal, the audio signal is first transformed to a spectral range and the masking threshold of the audio signal is determined. A pseudo-noise signal and a data signal are provided and multiplied with each other so a to provide a frequency-spread data signal. The spread data signal is weighted with the masking threshold, and thereafter the audio signal and the weighted data signal are superimposed. In a method and a decoder for decoding a data signal introduced into an audio signal in non-audible manner, the audio signal is first sampled and thereafter the sampled audio signal is filtered in non-recursive manner. The filtered audio signal is subsequently compared to a threshold value so as to retrieve the data signal.

Abstract: A method for detecting a transient in a discrete-time audio signal is performed completely in the time domain and includes the step of segmenting the discrete-time audio signal as to generate consecutive segments of the same length with unfiltered discrete-time audio signals. The discrete-time audio signal in a current segment is filtered. Either the energy of the filtered discrete-time audio signal in the current segment is compared with the energy of the filtered discrete-time audio signal in a preceding segment or a current relationship between the energy of the filtered discrete-time audio signal in the current segment and the energy of the unfiltered discrete-time audio signal in the current segment is formed and this current relationship compared with a preceding corresponding relationship. Whether a transient is present in the discrete-time audio signal is detected using one and/or the other of these comparisons.