Abstract: A process for the extraction of carotenoid dyes from pre-dried natural starting materials is described using compressed gases such as propane and/or butane in which organic entraining agents can be additionally added in order to facilitate and complete the extraction process. With the aid of this process highly concentrated carotenoid dyes are obtained in high yield.

Abstract: A process is described for obtaining lipid fractions from egg products in powder form with a content of phospholipids in which the egg product is a) firstly extracted with liquid propane at a pressure of.ltoreq.200 bar and a temperature of.ltoreq.70.degree. C. and b) subsequently with a mixture of liquid propane and an entraining agent composed of an aliphatic alcohol with 1 to 4 C atoms. In this way it is possible to produce lipid fractions with good sensory properties whose content of phospholipids is at least 25% by weight and up to 80% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of fat- and cholesterol-reduced powdered products based on eggs with a high content of phospholipids by extraction with compressed gases, wherein the powdered starting material is extracted with a solvent mixture consisting of propane and carbon dioxide with a mixing ratio of 95/5 to 5/95% by weight at a pressure of <300 bar and at s temperature of <70.degree. C.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of egg-based products in powder form with a reduced fat and cholesterol content in which the starting material in powder form is extracted with liquid propane at a pressure of .ltoreq.200 bar and at a temperature of .ltoreq.70.degree. C. In this way low-cholesterol and low-fat egg powder products with good sensory properties are produced without the phospholipids and in particular lecithin being removed to a substantial extent in this process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of highly concentrated fruit aromas from condensed fruit vapours, whereina) the fruit aromas in the fruit vapours are concentrated to a content of 0.05 to 1% by weight according to known methods,b) the concentrate from step a) is subjected to an extraction with compressed carbon dioxide at 60 to 180 bar and 10.degree. to 50.degree. C., andc) after decompression of the carbon dioxide and optionally after the addition of water, the aromarich oily phase is separated from the aroma-poor aqueous phase.

Abstract: A process for the isolation of lipid fractions from egg products in powder form with a content of phospholipids is described in which the egg product is extracteda) with liquid propane at a pressure of .ltoreq.200 bar and a temperature of .ltoreq.70.degree. C. andb) an entraining agent consisting of an aliphatic alcohol with 1 to 4 C atoms.In this way it is possible to produce lipid fractions with good sensory properties whose content of phospholipids is at least 20% by weight.

Abstract: A process for the extraction of fats and oils from natural substances using liquid propane as the solvent is described in which the extraction is carried out at a pressure of 10 to 30 bar and a temperature of 10.degree. to 55.degree. C. and the separation of the extracted fats and oils from the solvent is carried out by means of pressure reduction or/and temperature increase to .ltoreq.80.degree. C. High quality products are isolated in this way in a good yield and under mild conditions.

Abstract: A process for the production of egg yolk with a reduced cholesterol content, whereina) the egg yolk is diluted by the addition of water or of an aqueous salt solution,b) cholesterol and cholesterol esters which are contained in the diluted egg yolk are selectively complexed with .beta.-cyclodextrin,c) the .beta.-cyclodextrin loaded with cholesterol and/or cholesterol esters are separated from the diluted egg yolk,d) the added water is removed from the egg yolk,e) the residual amounts of .beta.-cyclodextrin present in the egg yolk are decomposed enzymatically with the help of .alpha.-amylase and/orf) the .beta.-cyclodextrin is recovered by treatment with water and/or an alcohol from the .beta.-cyclodextrin complexes and optionally returned to step b).

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the removal of cholesterol from egg yolk, wherein1. a diluted egg yolk mixture is produced by the addition of an aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate or of sodium chloride,2. the diluted egg yolk mixture is mixed with a solid adsorbent or complexing agent until the cholesterol is adsorbed or complexed and thereafter3. the solid adsorbent loaded with cholesterol or the cholesterol complex is separated from the egg yolk mixture and4. subsequently ammonium carbonate or sodium chloride and possibly water is removed.

Abstract: Pesticides are removed from ginseng roots by extracting ginseng roots having a moisture content of 14 to 65% by weight with carbon dioxide at a pressure of more than 100 bar and at a temperature of more than 40.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the removal of ethanol from drinks produced by fermentation by direct extraction of the ethanol in countercurrent with compressed carbon dioxide as extraction agent and separation of the extracted water-ethanol mixture from the extraction agent by lowering the density of the compressed gas, wherein, after the lowering of the density, the carbon dioxide is regenerated by a treatment with water and then returned to the extraction step.

Abstract: Cholesterol and cholesterol esters are removed from egg yolk by a process whereina) optionally after the addition of an emulsion-breaking agent to the egg yolk, the egg yolk plasma is separated from the LDL-granula fraction,b) cholesterol and cholesterol esters which are contained in the egg yolk plasma are adsorbed on a solid adsorption agent andc) the solid material loaded with cholesterol and/or cholesterol esters is separated from the liquid plasma phase and optionally the egg yolk plasma and the separated granula fraction are again mixed together.

Abstract: Terpenes are removed from essential oils by(a) contacting terpene-containing essential oils with a polar solid (adsorbent);(b) separating the loaded adsorbent from the liquid phase enriched with terpenes; and(c) subjecting the adsorbent loaded with essential oils to an extraction with compressed carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the removal of cholesterol and/or cholesterol esters from foodstuffs by extraction with compressed carbon dioxide, whereina) the cholesterol-containing extraction material is treated with compressed carbon dioxide at a pressure above 100 bar and at a temperature of from 10.degree. to 90.degree. C.,b) from the carbon dioxide stream loaded with cholesterol and/or cholesterol esters, as well as with further lipophilic components, the cholesterol components are selectively removed by adsorption on a solid adsorption agent or by adduct formation andc) at least a part of the carbon dioxide current substantially free from cholesterol components is again passed over the treated extraction material and/or used for the extraction of untreated, cholesterol-containing extraction material.

Abstract: A process for the removal of .beta.-cyclodextrin from egg yolk or egg yolk plasma, wherein the material to be treated is mixed and incubated with an .alpha.-amylase selected from the .alpha.-amylases formed by or derived from micro-organisms of the group Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus coagulans and Flavobacterium or domestic hog pancreas amylase.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the decaffeination of tea containing 15 to 50% by weight of water with moist carbon dioxide at 255 to 350 bar at 50.degree. to 80.degree. C. in a pressure vessel, subsequent separation of the caffeine from the carbon dioxide with the help of an adsorbent and recycling the caffeine-free carbon dioxide over the already extracted tea, wherein the adsorbent is distributed in the material to be extracted in an amount of from 5 to 40% by weight, referred to the dry weight of the tea.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the dearomatizing and subsequent rearomatizing of black or green tea, wherein(a) the volatile aroma components are removed from the moist tea witha moist inert gas at a temperature of from 60.degree. to 95.degree. C. by means of a carrier gas distillation,(b) the water is selectively removed from the moist, inert gas stream containing the volatile aroma components and(c) subsequently, for rearomatizing, the volatile aroma components are passed through dry tea to be aromatized with the dry inert gas stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of extracting natural materials with carbon dioxide, in which the materials are used in the form of pellets of a diameter of 1.5 to 4.0 mm and a length of 1.5 to 10 mm, and of a bulk density of 0.4 to 0.6 kg/l, this method being highly suitable for the carbon dioxide extraction of hop constituents, so that the commonly practiced second grinding becomes unnecessary.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of concentrated extracts from fresh plants or parts thereof by extraction with carbon dioxide at supercritical pressure, wherein the extraction is carried out at 0.degree. to 40.degree. C. and the separation of the concentrated extract is carried out at a subcritical temperature and subcritical pressure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining cyanuric chloride in solid and/or liquid form from an optionally contaminated cyanuric chloride vapor, wherein cyanuric chloride, after dilution with an air stream with a temperature of from 60.degree. to 140.degree. C., is introduced into the lower part of a separation chamber cooled to a temperature of from 20.degree. to 50.degree. C., the separated solid cyanuric chloride is optionally converted into liquid form in a melt container at a temperature above 146.degree. C. and the cyanuric chloride vapor, after again diluting with hot air with a temperature of from 50.degree. to 140.degree. C., returned from the melt container into the separation chamber, whereas the cyanuric chloride-free waste gases are withdrawn above the desublimation zone of the separation chamber.