Abstract: An economic, one-step method for the production of N-substituted aromatic hydroxylamines of formula (I) R—N(OH)—C(?O)—(O)R1??(I), with hydrogen, by catalytic hydration with possibly modified hydration catalysts in an aprotic solvent and in the presence of a halogen formic acid ester and in some cases in the presence of a base.

Abstract: An economic, one-step method for the production of N-substituted aromatic hydroxylamines of formula (I) R—N(OH)—C(?O)—(O)R1??(I), with hydrogen, by catalytic hydration with possibly modified hydration catalysts in an aprotic solvent and in the presence of a halogen formic acid ester and in some cases in the presence of a base.

Abstract: A process for preparing, 2-[[[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy]methyl]-N-hydroxy-benzenamine of formula (I) comprising: mixing 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-[(2 -nitrophenyl)methoxy]-1H-pyrazole of formula (II) with a nitrogen-containing base, a sulfur compound, a solvent and a platinum-based catalyst in the presence of hydrogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process suitable for manufacturing the compounds of formula I (I) wherein W is H, Br, Cl or methyl, which are synthetic intermediates useful in the preparation of antibiotic compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process suitable for manufacturing the compounds of formula I (I) wherein W is H, Br, Cl or methyl, which are synthetic intermediates useful in the preparation of antibiotic compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the cis-selective preparation of cyclic amines of the sertralin type by reductive alkylation of cyclic imines or their precursors and catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of copper-containing catalysts and in the presence of a protic solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the cis-selective preparation of cyclic amines of the sertralin type by reductive alkylation of cyclic imines or their precursors and catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of copper-containing catalysts and in the presence of a protic solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the cis-selective preparation of cyclic amines of the sertralin type by reductive alkylation of cyclic imines or their precursors and catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of copper-containing catalysts and in the presence of a protic solvent.

Abstract: A burner for liquid fuel has an electric heating device for start up heating a fuel vaporization chamber to a selected temperature, a flame retention baffle being fitted on the vaporization chamber with a temperature sensor sensing temperature of the vaporization. When the vaporization chamber is heated to a desired temperature of about 350 degrees celsius by deflected hot exhaust gas products from the burner operation and such temperature is sensed, the sensor outputs a signal so that the electric heating device can be shut down, vaporization chamber heating then being maintained by the deflected hot exhaust gas flow.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the cis-selective preparation of cyclic amines of the sertraline type by reductive alkylation of cyclic immines or of their precursors and for the catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of copper-containing catalysts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or a suitable amino-protecting group,R.sub.2 is unsubstituted or substituted alkyl,R.sub.3 is hydrogen, aryl, heterocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl,R.sub.4, independently of R.sub.1, is hydrogen or a suitable amino-protecting group andm is a number from 1 to 7; and wherein further suitable protecting groups for functional groups may be present; which compounds are antivirally active or can be used as starting materials for pharmaceutically active, especially antiviral compounds.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of substituted benzenes or benzenesulfonic acid and its derivatives comprising diazotisation of an aminobenzene or ortho-amino-benzenesulfonic acid derivative followed by homogeneous palladium-catalyzed coupling with an olefine and heterogeneous palladium-catalyzed hydrogenation of the olefinic substituent, wherein the homogeneous catalyst is reduced and precipitated as metal after the coupling in the reaction mixture and used as a heterogeneous palladium catalyst for the hydrogenation step. The process is particular suitable for the preparation N-benzenesulfon-N'-triazinyl-urea herbicides.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of substituted benzenes or benzenesulfonic acid and its derivatives comprising diazotisation of an aminobenzene or ortho-amino-benzenesulfonic acid derivative followed by homogeneous palladium-catalysed coupling with an olefine and heterogeneous palladium-catalysed hydrogenation of the olefinic substituent, wherein the homogeneous catalyst is reduced and precipitated as metal after the coupling in the reaction mixture and used as a heterogeneous palladium catalyst for the hydrogenation step. The process is particular suitable for the preparation N-benzenesulfon-N'-triazinyl-urea herbicides.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently of the other hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl or phenyl, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently of the other C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenyl which is substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl and/or hydroxy, or phenyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl. The process comprises reacting a compound of formula III ##STR2## with a nitrite in aqueous or aqueous/organic medium to a compound of formula II ##STR3## extracting said compound of formula II from the reaction solution with a solvent, hydrogenating said compound, without isolation, in the cited solvent and in the presence of a palladium catalyst, to the corresponding p-aminophenol, and reacting said aminophenol, without isolation, with cyanuric chloride and a compound of formula HSR.sub.3 or HSR.sub.4 or a mixture of compounds of formulae HSR.sub.3 and HSR.sub.4.

Abstract: Dihalobutyraldehydes of formula I ##STR1## wherein X and Y are each independently of the other Cl or Br, are obtainable at high rates of conversion and with excellent selectivities by catalytic dehalogenation with hydrogen by carrying out the reaction with appropriate .alpha.,.alpha.-dihalobutyraldehydes in an organic aprotic solvent. The dihalobutyraldehydes are intermediates for the synthesis of herbicidal acyl cyclohexanediones.

Abstract: The preparation of 4,4'-stilbenedialdehydes from the corresponding acid chlorides in the presence of a noble metal catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the removal of films of flow agent from moving strip material, by squeezing away the film by means of squeeze rollers and an air flow duct which each extend transversely with respect to the forward feed direction of the strip material. The air flow is directed along the squeezed-away cushion of flow agent, and entrains the cushion of flow agent. Apparatus which is used in the process includes air flow ducts which extend transversely with respect to the forward feed direction of the strip material, and which are positioned at the point of entry of the strip material into the squeeze region.

Abstract: The solid bowl screw centrifuge consists of a housing (1) in which a drum (2) is rotatable. A rotatably mounted conveyor screw (3) is situated inside the drum (2). The drum (2) and screw (3) rotate at slightly differing speeds of rotation when in operation. The housing (1) is cylindrical in the region of the clarifying part (I) and conical in the region of the demoisturizing part (II). The suspension inflow (5,6) opens into the hollow screw core (12) at a location between the clarifying part (I) and the demoisturizing part (II). The liquid discharge consists of an overflow weir (16) or stripping pipe (9) on the clarifying part (I). The solids discharge (4) is situated at the end of the demoisturizing part (II). The screw (3) is arranged within the clarifying part (I) on the cylindrical hollow screw core (12) whose peripheral surface is partly or completely equipped with an after-clarifying device through which fluid flows in a radial direction.

Abstract: A pneumatic hammer includes a cylinder tube, a piston received in the cylinder tube for reciprocation therein; a device for alternatingly introducing pressurized air into first and second cylinder chambers on either side of the piston for driving the piston back and forth and an exhaust arrangement for removing spent air from the cylinder into the ambient atmosphere. There is provided a coupling cylinder mounted within the hammer housing and generally coaxially surrounding the cylinder tube along a substantial length thereof. The support cylinder has a plurality of circumferentially distributed longitudinal ribs extending parallel to the cylinder tube. The longitudinal ribs are in contact with an inner surface of the housing and an outer surface of the cylinder tube.

Abstract: A vibration damper comprises a housing defining a cavity; a damping mass accommodated for oscillation in the cavity between wall surfaces; and spring elements situated on two opposite sides of the damping mass. Each spring element is in engagement with the damping mass and a respective one of the wall surfaces for positioning the damping mass in the cavity. Each spring element has a shape selected to confer to the spring element a dynamic deformation behavior characterizing spherical bodies. Further, the spring elements, as viewed together, are arranged at least approximately symmetrically with respect to a central axis of the damping mass oriented parallel to the path of oscillation. The vibration damper also includes an arrangement for guiding the damping mass linearly along the path of oscillation.