Abstract: Method for measuring the shape of a workpiece includes a measuring sensor used to find measured values that represent the shape of a workpiece. The shape of the workpiece is determined by an iterative method using the measured values. The shape of the workpiece is determined during machining. The determining of the shape during machining is particularly suited for determining the shape during grinding. The shape determined may be the shape of a pin, especially a crankpin for a crankshaft.

Abstract: Method for measuring the shape of a workpiece includes a measuring sensor used to find measured values that represent the shape of a workpiece. The shape of the workpiece is determined by an iterative method using the measured values.

Abstract: A multi-layer laminate comprising at least one layer of fiber material and at least one layer of plastic laminated thereto, which plastic layer comprises at least 50 weight percent of a cycloolefin copolymer. Also disclosed are packaging materials and packages made from the multi-layer laminate.

Abstract: A multi-layer laminate comprising at least one layer of fiber material and at least one layer of plastic laminated thereto, which plastic layer comprises at least 50 weight percent of a cycloolefin copolymer. Also disclosed are packaging materials and packages made from the multi-layer laminate.

Abstract: A pump assembly for a gas discharge laser comprises a first pump (P.sub.1) hich has a relatively high suction capacity and relatively short service life and a second pump (P.sub.2) which has a relatively low suction capacity and relatively longer service life.

Abstract: The arrangement of this invention for measuring the dimensions of a workpiece (14) includes a circuit in which a fluid circulates. Such circuit comprises a first branch (15) provided with an inlet nozzle (16) and at least one measuring nozzle (17) directed towards the workpiece the dimensions of which are to be measured, and a second branch (19) provided with an inlet nozzle (20) and opening into an output reference nozzle (21). A pressure transducer (22) furnishes an electrical signal representing the pressure difference in the two branches. The arrangement is original inasmuch as the fluid employed is a liquid and that the inlet nozzles are arranged to deliver a liquid flow at their output producing a minimum of noise on the electrical signal issuing from the pressure transducer. Utilization is for in-process measurement of cylindrical bores or outer diameters of cylindrical workpieces or indeed of planar surfaces.

Abstract: The arrangement enables controlling the speed of advance of the tool part of a machine tool during its approach phase toward a workpiece and reducing such speed as soon as the tool contacts the workpiece.It includes an acoustic sensor adapted to detect the signal emitted at the instant of contact, an electronic circuit for processing such signal and a motor responding to the circuit to regulate the speed of advance of the tool part. The sensor is fastened to a feeler mounted on the machine framework by means of shock absorbers, said feeler being arranged to be in contact with the workpiece or its carrier.

Abstract: A pneumatic measuring device is disclosed which comprises a pneumatic circuit containing a first branch (15) equipped with an inlet nozzle (16), oppositely disposed measuring nozzles (17) and a second branch (19) equipped with an inlet nozzle (20) and a reference nozzle (21). A differential pressure transducer (22) having a semiconductor element enables the difference in pressure between the branches (15) and (19) to be measured and to supply through a terminal (23) a signal representing the dimensions measured opposite the nozzles (17). The pneumatic circuit system, with the pressure transducer, is included in the measuring spindle (12).

Abstract: Standard block comprising an element (L) kept in vibration by means of the motor (M). As soon as an object comes into mechanical contact with the measuring surface (C), the flexible-part (F) gives very slightly allowing the regulating screw (Vi) to disturb the free oscillations of the element (L). The detector (E) detects this disturbance and signals the moment of mechanical contact by means of the lamp (La) for example. The standard block allows precise measurements to be taken by announcing the moment of contact, without the measurement precision being influenced by the contact pressure.

Abstract: A contact sensing head, for example for a measuring device, comprises a sensor having a free end which is vibrated at low amplitude by a motor at the resonant frequency of the sensor. A transducer senses the vibrations and feeds a signal to an electronic detection system. When the sensor contacts an object, the frequency and amplitude of its oscillation changes. This is picked up by the electronic detection system, which signals that contact has been made.