Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a electrical contact element, in which a multilayer structure is formed by applying a diffusion barrier layer to a base material and at least one metallic layer made of a metal to the diffusion barrier layer, at least one layer formed of tin being applied as the metallic layer. The present invention further relates to an electrical contact element with an electrically conductive base material and a coating which is formed on at least one portion of the electrically conductive base material, the coating having a diffusion barrier layer formed on the base material and the outer layer containing tin.

Abstract: A protective cover for an electrical connector for contacting a circuit carrier is disclosed, wherein the electrical connector includes an electrically insulating housing and at least one contact having a contact portion for contacting a mating contact and a connecting portion for contacting a plated through hole of the circuit carrier via an electrically conductive press-in connection. The protective cover has at least one opening through which the connecting portion of the at least one contact enters in the assembled state and is configured in such a way that, in cooperation with the contact and/or the electrically insulating housing, the protective cover covers an intake region of the plated through hole toward the outside.

Abstract: A vehicle seat has a backrest with a backrest frame, attached to a seat supporting structure, that can be pivoted to a limited extent about a horizontal axis of rotation in order to permit active sitting. To permit active sitting even at high transverse acceleration forces, as occur during the operation of a motor vehicle, two bearing devices are attached to the backrest frame, and a backrest basic body is mounted on the bearing devices so that it can rotate about the horizontal axis of rotation.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for measuring and displaying the engine oil filling level in a vehicle having a filling level switch or sensor, measured values of the switch or sensor, in the form of determined time components, are summed to determine a state duration of a particular state of the engine oil filling level. The state duration is compared with predefined time limiting values of the respective state of the engine oil filling level. According to the invention, the length of the individual time components is determined as a function of driving-state-dependent parameters.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for measuring and displaying the engine oil filling level in a vehicle having a filling level switch or sensor, measured values of the switch or sensor, in the form of determined time components, are summed to determine a state duration of a particular state of the engine oil filling level. The state duration is compared with predefined time limiting values of the respective state of the engine oil filling level. According to the invention, the length of the individual time components is determined as a function of driving-state-dependent parameters.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement enabling a liquid (2) to flow evenly around a surface of a sample (3); said arrangement has a flow chamber (1) through which a liquid (2) flows via inflow and outflow pipes (7, 8). The sample (3) can be rotated about an axis of rotation by means of a rotary drive (5). A filter (13) which extends crosswise to the direction of flow of the liquid (2) and which ensures a uniform flow through the inflow and outflow pipes (7, 8) is situated in front of the inflow and outflow pipes (7, 8). The arrangement is especially suitable for depositing a homogeneous layer of a nickel/iron alloy on a silicon wafer (3). The invention relates furthermore to the use of the arrangement.

Abstract: An electrical connector containing one or more connector modules, each having at least one contact support and a multiplicity of contact elements connected to the contact support in a non-releasable manner. The contact elements are connected to the contact supports by way of plastic material injection molded around part of the contact elements.

Abstract: The lead frame has a spring element, which can be compressed during the injection molding of the package by an injection mold. The resultant resilience has the effect that a contact surface of the lead is pressed against an inside wall of the injection mold. The biasing of the contact surface against the inside wall prevents polymer flash from forming on the contact surface. Also, the spring element fixes the lead during the injection operation and anchors the lead in the completed package. Hold-down pins within the injection mold are thus obviated.

Abstract: A ferrule container for holding a plurality of ferrules retaining a multiplicity of optical fibers. The ferrule container includes outer walls defining a plurality of parallel ferrule passageways for holding a plurality of ferrules, and a ferrule holder including a spring holder and a compression spring. The spring holder and one of the outer walls are formed with mutually cooperating structure including a latching nose and a latching nose opening cooperating to orient and hold the spring holder in at least one of the ferrule passageways. A connecting configuration is also provided for connecting a multiplicity of optical fibers including a board housing with a first ferrule and a bushing housing with a second ferrule.

Abstract: A ferrule for optical waveguides comprises a plug housing (31) adapted to be mated with another plug housing in a direction of insertion (32). The plug housing (31) has at least one receiving portion (38) for receiving a multiple optical waveguide and is made from thermoplastic plastics material having elongate filler particles (47) admixed thereto. At least in a surrounding region of the receiving portion (38) the filler particles (47) are arranged such that their direction of longitudinal extension runs at least in part transversely to the direction of insertion (32).

Abstract: A connector for detachable connection of one end region of an optical waveguide to another optical waveguide in a plug-in direction includes a ferrule and a housing. The housing has a holding region for holding and guiding the ferrule such that the ferrule is angularly moveable and guided with respect to the plug-in direction. The housing includes a stress-relief region for firmly connecting the optical waveguide to the housing. In the region between the stress-relief region and the holding region, the connector includes at least one curvature-limiting region for limiting the outward bending of the optical waveguide given an angular displacement of the ferrule with respect to the plug-in direction. The curvature-limiting region limits the movement of the optical waveguide and/or the ferrule. Given the configuration of the curvature-limiting region, outward bending of the optical waveguide beyond a maximum permissible curvature is prevented.

Abstract: An equipment plug connector for a stack of cardshaped data carrier arrangements mutually superimposed in-register with regard to at least one of the surfaces thereof and, respectively, having at least one integrated semiconductor circuit and at least one external connection connected thereto, includes a housing made of insulating material and formed with an opening for inserting a stack of cardshaped data carrier arrangements therein in an insertion direction perpendicular to a direction in which the stack is stacked, electrical connections of the equipment plug connector disposed in the housing, a plurality of contact springs arranged in the housing so as to extend in the stack insertion direction towards the opening formed in the housing for establishing an electrical connection between an exposed contact surface formed on the at least one external connection of the stack of cardshaped data carrier arrangements inserted into the equipment plug connector and the electrical connections of the equipment plug c

Abstract: A method is provided for adapting the side support, as a function of the driving situation and driving styles, of a person sitting in the seat of a vehicle, in which method a lateral acceleration acting on the seat is determined as reference variable for the adaptation. In order to allow greater allowance for the way in which the sitting person senses lateral acceleration, as well as a comfortable sitting sensation with the advantages of a necessary side support which is built up in curves at short notice, the specific instantaneous lateral acceleration is weighted with the instantaneous driving speed of the vehicle. A control variable for the degree of adaptation is derived therefrom. In addition, a supplementary control variable is determined which brings about support of the driver on both sides in the seat as a function of the driving style. A vehicle seat in which this method is applied is specified.

Abstract: Stackable and portable data carriers, with non-volatile semiconductor memories have contact faces on their surfaces. When such data carriers are stacked on top of one another they electrically contact the respectively adjacent data carriers and a bus system at the same time. The contour of the data carriers is embodied such that, when neighboring data carriers of the same kind rest on one another, the data carrier are interlaced in a form and force lock to a mechanically fixed, but detachable composite unit. At the same time, the respectively adjacent data carriers of the composite unit come into resilient contact with one another via their respective contact faces.

Abstract: A vehicle seat includes a seat part displaceable at least in the seat longitudinal direction; a back rest that is held on the seat part; and an adjustable head restraint held on the back rest and having a head cushion. For automatically adapting the head restraint correctly in terms of safety to seat adjustments carried out by a seat user, a medium reservoir of variable volume, communicating with a filling and discharge device, is integrated in the head cushion so that the cushion front face is shifted forwards during an increase in volume and is drawn back again as a result of a reduction in volume. The filling quantity introduced into the medium reservoir or drawn off from the medium reservoir is controlled depending on the seat setting by means of a control unit. The medium reservoir also may include a pressure limiter that allows a controlled outflow of the reservoir when a predetermined pressure value, caused by the impact of the head, is reached.

Abstract: An electronic device has an opening for up to two data carrier devices or, respectively, chip cards with row-type contact surfaces positioned alongside one another. The devices or, cards are stackable over one another in offset fashion. In a region of the terminal side lying opposite the plug opening it comprises two rows of contact springs lying next to one another, said rows being spatially offset upwards by the height of a card, and also offset in the insertion direction in a manner corresponding to the card offset. The resilient ends at the plug side of these contact springs respectively contact the contact surfaces of inserted data carriers from above.

Abstract: A stackable data carrier arrangement including a cardshaped carrier element, at least one integrated semiconductor circuit arranged on the carrier element, at least one external terminal arranged on the carrier element and connected to the semiconductor circuit for making electrical contact therewith, the external terminal being formed so as to circumscribe an edge area of the carrier element and having a respective terminal area on the edge area and adjoining opposite main areas of the carrier element, the terminal areas being electrically connected to one another, includes means defining two slots provided in the carrier element, the slots extending parallel to one another from the edge area into the carrier element to approximately the same extent as the external terminal arranged between the slots, so that a contact tooth bendable perpendicularly to the main areas of the carrier element is formed by the region of the carrier element situated between the slots.

Abstract: A method is provided for quantitative determination of the pressure comfort of a seat cushion. For this purpose, the sitting surface of the seat cushion to be tested is loaded mechanically in a manner that corresponds to a normal individual sitting in it, and the seat distribution is then determined with an interposed measuring mat. The signals from the individual pressure sensors of the measuring mat are summarized in accordance with anthropomorphically determined loading ranges with different pressure sensitivity thresholds groupwise and evaluated separately for the individual areas. For this purpose, the pressure measurement signals are multiplied by a factor or a pressure-dependent progressively increasing evaluation function and the product function is integrated. The pressure sensitivity threshold is assigned a value of 1. Depending on the difference between the respective pressure measurement value and the pressure sensitivity threshold (p.sub.