Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the deoxygenation of materials of biological origin and particularly to the removal of oxygen from biomass derived organic compounds with carbon monoxide, to yield linear and branched hydrocarbons suitable as biofuels or as blending stocks or components for biofuels, such as gas, gasoline, diesel fuel and aviation fuel, as well as solvents. The method comprises contacting a feedstock with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metal selected from a group consisting of ruthenium, manganese, rhodium, rhenium, osmium, iridium, molybdenum, copper, zinc, palladium, platinum and cobalt, in the presence of water, under alkaline conditions at a temperature from 150 to 350° C. and under a pressure from 0.1 to 150 bar, to produce hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process for oligomerizing olefinic, lower hydrocarbons. The process comprises the steps of feeding a fresh olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock to a reaction zone; contacting the olefinic hydrocarbons of the feedstock with an acidic catalyst in the reaction zone in order to dimerize at least a part of the olefinic hydrocarbons, withdrawing an effluent containing oligomerized olefins from the reaction zone; and conducting the effluent to a separation zone, wherein the oligomerization reaction product is separated from said effluent. According to the invention, the reaction is carried out in homogeneous phase comprising a solvent for olefinic hydrocarbons, maintained at supercritical conditions. By using supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent deactivation rate of catalyst can be diminished. Carbon dioxide is easy to remove from the product mixture and spent reaction medium can be used for regeneration of the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the deoxygenation of materials of biological origin and particularly to the removal of oxygen from biomass derived organic compounds with carbon monoxide, to yield linear and branched hydrocarbons suitable as biofuels or as blending stocks or components for biofuels, such as gas, gasoline, diesel fuel and aviation fuel, as well as solvents. The method comprises contacting a feedstock with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metal selected from a group consisting of ruthenium, manganese, rhodium, rhenium, osmium, iridium, molybdenum, copper, zinc, palladium, platinum and cobalt, in the presence of water, under alkaline conditions at a temperature from 150 to 350° C. and under a pressure from 0.1 to 150 bar, to produce hydrocarbons.