Abstract: A continuously operating centrifuge for spinning sugar massecuite has a perforated basket which widens conically and rotates about a vertical axis. The perforated basket has a throwing-off edge from which the sugar particles are spun off outwardly and are then collected in a further processing device and undergo additional treatment. The further processing device has a removable collecting channel with at least one discharge nozzle at the base thereof. An overflow nozzle can be installed in the discharge nozzle to cause pooling of liquid and convert the centrifuge from magmatizing operation to dissolving operation. An adjustable rebound member and selectable one of two liquid medium conduits further allow reconfiguration between the two modes of operation. For dry centrifuging, the collecting channel can be removed.

Abstract: A continuously operable centrifuge for spinning off sugar massecuite has an upwardly conically expanded strainer basket (20) mounted for rotation about a vertical axis (16). A downwardly conically expanding massecuite distributor (40) rotating with the basket reaches into a floor region of the strainer basket substantially coaxially to the strainer basket. The lower rim of the distributor forms a throw-off edge. Inside and in the upper region of the massecuite distributor (40), a distributing cup (30) is for distributing massecuite. The peripheral wall of the massecuite distributor (40) is formed by several ring elements (41), (42, 43) which partly overlap in the axial direction leaving an annular gap (44, 45). The product distributor is surrounded by a downwardly conically expanding stationary bell (51) which forms a further gap or gap space between itself and the rotating rings.

Abstract: A continuously operable sugar centrifugal is equipped with an upwardly opening conical centrifugal drum surrounded by a sugar collecting housing (3). The upper edge of the drum (1) is equipped with a sugar discharge flange which faces a rotatably mounted ring carrying a plurality of sugar crystal deflecting, spring elastically yielding, sheet metal members which may be mounted in a fixed position or in an adjustable position to the rotatable ring. In the embodiment with the adjustable sheet metal members, their angular position relative to the flight direction of the sugar crystals may be selected in accordance with particular requirements. The sheet metal members are so located that they function as sugar intercepting and deflecting elements. A ring conduit for applying a mashing liquid to the sheet metal members is arranged in a stationary position in parallel to the rotatable ring and axially spaced from the ring.

Abstract: A continuously operating centrifugal for mashing and centrifuging of sugar massecuite is equipped with an upwardly, conically opening screen drum (2) which is rotating about a vertical axis (1). The screen drum is carried by a hub (5) reaching into the interior of the drum and supporting at its top a supply and distributing pot (6) for the massecuite and a precentrifuging bell (8) surrounding the distribution pot and reaching into a bottom zone of the screen drum. The precentrifuging bell also has a conical shape opening downwardly. A discharge rim (17) of the precentrifuging bell (8) is surrounded by a mashing ring (9) rotating along with the drum and bell. The mashing ring widens conically and downwardly. Stationary tubular members (14) are provided for supplying the mashing liquid onto the radially inwardly facing surface of the mashing ring (9).

Abstract: The screen drum of a continuously operable sugar centrifuge is divided into three sections along its axial length from the drum bottom to the sugar discharge rim. A first upper section extends from the discharge rim downwardly. This first section has such a wall inclination (.alpha.) relative to the central rotational axis that a layer of material being centrifuged remains stationary on the first section when the supply of massecuite is interrrupted and the supply of covering or wash-water is continued while the centrifuge keeps operating. A second mid-section extends along a mid-portion of the drum and another angle of inclination (.beta.)relative to the rotational axis, whereby the angle (.beta.) is larger by about 3.degree. to 7.degree. than the angle (.alpha.). A third lower section encloses a third angle (.gamma.) with the rotational drum axis. The third angle (.gamma.) is about equal to the first angle (.alpha.).

Abstract: A continuously operating sugar centrifugal is equipped with the following components, a massecuite supply device, a frustum-shaped screen drum which is rotatably drivable, a housing surrounding the screen drum, a distributor and accelerating device arranged for cooperation with the screen drum, cover water nozzles arranged in a fixed position in the drum, and an air guide ring. The air guide ring is located at the widening upper open end of the drum. The air guide ring widens conically and forms an extension or elongation of the screen drum. A passage or exit gap for the sugar to be discharged from the drum, is provided between the upper drum edge and a rim of the air guide ring facing the drum. The air guide ring rim facing away from the drum reaches into a ring-shaped air scoop and collecting space (17) which is open toward the interior of the drum.

Abstract: An electrohydraulic compact drive for turbomachine valves includes: a device for supplying electric power, receiving electrical addressing signals and converting the signals into positioning and control variables; an hydraulic supply system including a fluid tank, pump, motor, accumulator and manifold; an hydraulic power piston/cylinder system including a piston rod connected to a valve, and a spring biasing the piston; an electrohydraulic addressing system generating a pressurized fluid flow opening the valve spindle against the spring dependent upon the variables; control members of the addressing system, the power system and the supply system forming a compact drive block at a valve; the pump being switched as a function of a pressure limit by intermittent charging and discharging operations between the charging pressures; the pump charging the accumulator in charging operation until the upper pressure is reached and, after being switched, returning the fluid to the tank in substantially pressureless circu

Abstract: A continuously operable sugar centrifuge modified as taught herein is capable of producing quality sugar. For this purpose elastic, spring resilient sheet metal members (11) are attached to a rotatable ring with an adjustable angle of incidence so that the surface of these flexible sheet metal members encloses a selectable incidence angle with the flight path (12) of the sugar crystals, whereby the speed with which the sugar crystals impinge on the flexible sheet metal members may be controlled. Such control may be accomplished, for example, by a closed loop deceleration or braking action of the rotatable ring carrying the metal members.

Abstract: Continuously operable sugar centrifugals can achieve degrees of sugar purities comparable to those achieved by batch centrifugals if the diameter of the drying stage following the washing stage flares out in steps and/or extends at an opposed angle. Further, the inside of the drying stage is provided with a cover which, together with the upper drop edge of the washing stage, forms such a narrow passage or gap that the mist of contaminated wash liquid developing in the washing stage is kept away from the sugar in the drying stage. Thus, these mists of contaminated wash liquid may be discharged separately from the sugar.

Abstract: A continuously operable sugar centrifugal for mixing and curing sugar massecuites includes an intermediate mixing device between inner and outer centrifugal baskets. The mixing device is formed by a ring housing with an impact zone, retaining zone, and inclined baffles to impart turbulence and transform the kinetic energy of sugar received from the inner basket into the work of mechanical mixing. Mixing liquid is introduced into the received sugar and the mixture eventually passes over the lower edge of the mixing device into the outer basket for final separation and curing. The mixing device is stationary relative to the inner basket or rotates at a slower speed and may assume a variety of advantageous geometries.

Abstract: The present continuously operating centrifuge produces sugar of uniformly high quality from low grade sugar massecuite of uneven consistency by distributing the massecuite to differing selected levels of a centrifugal screening basket. The distribution level depends on the liquid content characteristics of the massecuite. An accelerating cup is mounted for rotation centrally within the basket for receiving and delivering massecuite to a distributing bell opening downwardly and surrounding the accelerating cup. The distributing bell directs the massecuite toward the tapering wall of the centrifugal screening basket. The lower edge of the distributing bell is vertically adjustable relative to a lower zone of the screening basket for said distributing of the massecuite to different levels of the basket. The centrifugal basket may have several zones.

Abstract: A continuously operable sugar centrifuge separates sugar massecuites into syrup portions of differing quality and crystalline sugar. The centrifugal screening basket is mounted for rotation within a housing divided into a plurality of different compartments for receiving syrup portions of differing quality from the screening basket. The housing also includes a first common collecting chamber for green syrup and a second common collecting chamber for high green syrup. Adjustable valves are provided between at least some of the compartments and the collecting chambers for alternatively connecting a compartment to either the first or second collecting chamber for separate discharge of syrup according to the quality of syrup received in the compartment. Mixing of syrup portions of differing quality is prevented by sealing elements even though the transition zone from green syrup to high green syrup shifts up or down along the basket wall.

Abstract: A high concentration sugar solution is produced by contacting sugar crystals as they emerge from a centrifuging basket, with pressurized solvent liquid sprayed from a plurality of nozzles to form a turbulent mist of solvent and to envelope the sugar crystals which are forced to travel through said turbulent mist of solvent to impinge upon a baffle guide ring. The turbulent flow of solvent mist and solvent enveloped sugar crystals is guided along said baffle guide ring to a back-up location, where sugar solution, air, and liquid mist are forced through a gap and over a damming ring wall surrounding the gap. The centrifuge for performing the foregoing process includes a centrifuging basket with an upper rim over which the sugar crystals emerge. A solvent supply ring with nozzles facing toward the rim is arranged above the upper basket rim. The baffle guide ring curves downwardly and surrounds an inner housing which in turn surrounds the basket.

Abstract: A centrifuge has a frusto-conical rotary drum with a continuous surface. A first screen is spaced from the radially inner surface of the drum, and a second screen, coarser than the first screen, is spaced from the radially inner surface of the first screen. A feed container is provided at the narrower lower end of the drum, and means are provided for feeding material to be separated to the feed container, so that the material to be separated is fed from the feed container to the radially inner surface of the inner screen. Means are also provided to separately collect liquids at the upper end of the drum and solids at the upper ends of the screens.