Abstract: A measurement arrangement for measuring process and structure parameters of a fiber composite material along a measuring path includes a fiber material, a matrix material which surrounds the fiber material at least in regions, and an electrical sensor element that includes at least two signal transmission lines twisted together and aligned along the measuring path in and/or at the fiber material such that the signal transmission lines are surrounded at least in portions by the matrix material, wherein the electrical sensor element is configured to measure the process and structure parameters on the basis of the behavior of electromagnetic signals that are fed into the signal transmission lines.

Abstract: A measurement arrangement for measuring process and structure parameters of a fiber composite material along a measuring path includes a fiber material, a matrix material which surrounds the fiber material at least in regions, and an electrical sensor element that includes at least two signal transmission lines twisted together and aligned along the measuring path in and/or at the fiber material such that the signal transmission lines are surrounded at least in portions by the matrix material, wherein the electrical sensor element is configured to measure the process and structure parameters on the basis of the behavior of electromagnetic signals that are fed into the signal transmission lines.

Abstract: Apparatus for fixing fascial holding sutures in open laparoscopy defines a central channel which allows it to be slipped onto, and fixed in position on, a trocar canula holding a laparoscope. A push-pull rod is radially displaceable by means of a hand lever, for detachably clamping the fixing apparatus to the trocar canula. The apparatus basically comprises a tapered seal and a retaining plate which is detachably connected thereto and has at several points thereon manually operable clamping devices for securing the fascial holding sutures.

Abstract: A system for the control of a load such as a heating or cooling plant in response to changes in an external parameter, specifically ambient temperature, comprises a loop circuit with two conductors connected at an input end across a power supply and at an output end across a switching network, the load being inserted in one of these conductors. A high-impedance voltage multiplier connected across these conductors downstream of the load, in parallel with the switching network, supplies the necessary operating voltage to a parameter sensor such as a thermostat even when that network is in a low-impedance state so as to draw a maximum load current. The switching network may include a voltage clamp provided with a source of reference potential, e.g. a primary battery, which upon failure of the normal power supply can act as a standby supply insuring continued operation of a timer serving for a periodic switchover between different temperature thresholds for the thermostat.

Abstract: A system for alternately activating and deactivating a load comprises a high-resistance d-c circuit branch connected across a power supply downstream of a load-operating impedance, this branch including a voltage limiter and a voltage multiplier in series with each other and with a switching stage responsive to commands from a timer and/or a parameter sensor such as a thermostat. The junction of the voltage limiter and the voltage multiplier is connected to one input of a differential amplifier whose other input is energized with either of two potentials, respectively higher and lower than that of the junction, by the switching stage.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of copolymers consisting of 50-99.9% by weight of a vinyl ester of a saturated monocarboxylic acid having from 1 - 18 carbon atoms, 0.1 - 15% by weight of an .alpha.-haloalkane carboxylic acid vinyl ester of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, a halogen atom or an alkyl radical having 1 - 16 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is hydrogen, a halogen atom or an alkyl radical having 1 - 13 carbon atom and X is a halogen atom, and 0 - 49.9% by weight of at least one other ethylenically unsaturated monomer which can be cross-linked while drying with 0.05% to 10% by weight calculated on the total mixture of an aminoplast resin, a polyamine, a polyamidoamine or a mixture of Formaldehyd and ammonia or an amine. The mixture of the dispersion and the cross-linking agent is stable, and cross-linking will start only when the mixture is applied to a substrate such as a fiber.