Abstract: A composite electrolyte material having increased ionic conductivity and suppressed electronic conductivity is provided. The composite electrolyte includes a first material exhibiting both ionic conductivity and electronic conductivity and a second material having electron trapping sites on the outer surface thereof. The first material is coated on the second material, or the second material is dispersed within the first material, and an electron depletion zone is created at interfaces between the first and second materials. The electrons trapped in the electron depletion zone do not contribute to the electronic conductivity of the composite electrolyte, and the ratio of ionic conductivity to electronic conductivity of the composite electrolyte is higher than that of the first material alone.

Abstract: Highly monodispersed nonporous spherical SiO.sub.2 particles are prepared having mean particle diameters between 0.05 and 10 .mu.m with a standard deviation of not more than 5% and a method for the preparation of such particles. The particles can be produced by a two step process wherein first a sol of primary particles is prepared by hydrolytic polycondensation of tetraalkoxysilanes in an aqueous/alcoholic ammoniacal medium. The SiO.sub.2 particles are then converted to the desired particle size by a continuous measured addition of tetraalkoxysilane or organotrialkoxysilane controlled by the extent of the reaction. The SiO.sub.2 particles produced by this process are particularly useful as sorption material in chromatography.

Abstract: Highly monodispersed nonporous spherical SiO.sub.2 particles are prepared having mean particle diameters between 0.05 and 10 .mu.m with a standard deviation of not more than 5% and a method for the preparation of such particles. The particles can be produced by a two step process wherein first a sol of primary particles is prepared by hydrolytic polycondensation of tetraalkoxysilanes in an aqueous/alcoholic ammoniacal medium. The SiO.sub.2 particles are then converted to the desired particle size by a continuous measured addition of tetraalkoxysilane or organotrialkoxysilane controlled by the extent of the reaction. The SiO.sub.2 particles produced by this process are particularly useful as sorption material in chromatography.