Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes: toner particles; and an external additive. The external additive contains sol-gel silica having a volume average particle diameter of from about 70 nm to about 400 nm and an average circularity of from about 0.5 to about 0.9, and a dielectric loss factor of the toner is from about 5×10?3 to about 30×10?3 when the toner is kept for 24 hours under the environment of a temperature of 28° C. and a humidity of 85%.

Abstract: Disclosed are silica particles having a volume average particle size of from about 100 nm to about 500 nm, an average circularity degree of from about 0.5 to about 0.85, and an average value of the ratios of circle equivalent diameters Da of the silica particles obtained by a flat image analysis to maximum heights H of the silica particles obtained by a stereoscopic image analysis of more than 1.5 and less than 1.9.

Abstract: A resin particle including: a resin mother particle; and silica particles externally added onto a surface of the resin mother particle, wherein primary particles of the silica particles, the primary particles which have a volume average particle diameter of from 80 nm to 300 inn, a particle size distribution index of from 1.10 to 1.40, an average circularity of from 0.70 to 0.92 and an average circularity distribution index of from 1.05 to 1.50, and a proportion of the primary particles having an average circularity of 0.95 or more is not more 10% by number.

Abstract: A resin particle having: a resin mother particle; and silica particles external added onto the surface of the resin mother particle, wherein a primary particles of the silica particles which have a volume average particle diameter of from 100 nm to 500 nm, a particle size distribution index of from 1.40 to 1.80 and an average circularity of from 0.5 to 0.85 has a regression line expressed by the following expression (1) with respect to the circularity and the volume average particle diameter (nm): Circularity=?×(Volume average particle diameter)/1000+???(1) wherein ? is from ?2.5 to ?0.9, and ? is from 0.8 to 1.2.

Abstract: A method for producing silica particles, includes preparing a silica particle dispersion containing silica particles, and a solvent containing an alcohol and water, and bringing supercritical carbon dioxide into contact with the silica particle dispersion to remove the solvent.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of producing silica particles, the method including preparing an alkali catalyst solution containing an alkali catalyst in a solvent including an alcohol, at a concentration of from about 0.6 mol/L to about 0.85 mol/L; and supplying tetraalkoxysilane into the alkali catalyst solution, and concurrently supplying an alkali catalyst into the alkali catalyst solution at a rate of from about 0.1 mol to about 0.4 mol per mole of the total amount of supply of the tetraalkoxysilane supplied in one minute.

Abstract: The invention provides silica particles including primary particles, the primary particles having a volume average particle diameter of from about 80 nm to about 300 nm, a particle size distribution index of from about 1.10 to about 1.40, an average circularity of from about 0.70 to about 0.92, and a circularity distribution index of from about 1.05 to about 1.50, the silica particles including primary particles having a circularity of about 0.95 or greater at a proportion of about 10% or less by number of particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides silica particles including primary particles, the primary particles having an average particle diameter in a range of from about 100 nm to about 500 nm, a particle size distribution index in a range of from about 1.40 to about 1.80, and an average roundness in a range of from about 0.5 to about 0.85, and about 95% or more, by number of particles, of the primary particles satisfying following Formula (1) with respect to a roundness (R) and a particle diameter (D) (nm): R=?×D/1000+???Formula (1) (?2.5????0.9, 0.8???1.2).

Abstract: A pneumatic tire having an improved noise performance without deteriorating the drainage performance and having in a tread portion at least one circumferential main groove 3 which extend continuously in the tire circumferential direction, wherein the circumferential main groove 3 has a pair of groove walls 6, and in at least one of the groove walls 6 are provided at intervals in the tire circumferential direction a plurality of fine grooves 9 each of which extends in the tire radial direction and is provided in at least a part of its inner surface with a non-flat portion 10 extending in a wave-like form in its length direction.

Abstract: A heavy duty tire comprises: a carcass ply of cords extending between bead portions; and a bead reinforcing layer disposed in each of the bead portion. The carcass ply has edges winded around the bead cores so that the winded portion has a base part extending along the bead core from the axially inside to the axially outside thereof, and a radially outer part extending axially inwards on the radially outside of the bead core. The bead reinforcing layer comprises: a curved portion extending along the base part; an axially outer portion extending radially outwardly, separation from the base part; and an axially inner portion extending radially outwardly along a main portion of the carcass ply. The bead reinforcing layer is composed of a ply of cords laid side by side, and the spacing Da of the cords in an axially outer part beneath the bead core, of the curved portion is not less than 1.5 times and not more than 3.0 times the spacing Db of the cords in the axially outer portion.

Abstract: A tire 2 has a belt 14 and a hard rubber layer 16. The belt 14 has a first ply 26, a second ply 28, a third ply 30 and a fourth ply 32. A width W3 of the third ply 30 is smaller than a width W1 of the first ply 26 and a width W2 of the second ply 28, and 75% of a width of a tread. Each of the plies 26, 28, 30, 32 has a steel cord. The first ply 26 and the second ply 28 construct a cross-ply structure. A cord of the third ply 30 is wound spirally. The third ply 30 has what is referred to as a jointless structure. The hard rubber layer 16 is positioned between the first ply 26 and the second ply 28, and outward of the third ply 30 in an axial direction. A complex elastic modulus of the hard rubber layer 16 is equal to or greater than 30 MPa.

Abstract: A heavy duty tire having an improved durability in bead portions and comprising a carcass ply of steel cords, the end portions of which are turned up around bead cores from the axially inside to the axially outside of the tire, and a core protecting rubber having a complex elastic modulus of 50 to 80 Mpa, at least a part of which is located in a core inside region which is located axially inward of the bead core and is sandwiched between the axially inner surface of the bead core and the steel cords of the turnup portion of the carcass ply.

Abstract: A heavy duty tire comprises a tread portion, a pair of sidewall portions, a pair of bead portions each with a bead core therein, the bead core with an aspect ratio (HC1/WC) of from 0.43 to 0.58, and a carcass comprising a carcass ply of cords extending between the bead portions and turned up around a bead core in each bead portion from the inside to outside of the tire so as to form a pair of turnup portions and a main portion therebetween, the turnup portion comprising a turnup main-part extending along an axially inner surface, a radially inner surface and an axially outer surface of the bead core smoothly, and a turnup sub-part extending from the turnup main-part toward the main portion near the radially outer surface of the bead core.

Abstract: A heavy duty tire comprises a bead core disposed in each bead portion, and a carcass ply of steel cords extending between the bead portions. The edges of the carcass ply are winded around the bead cores from the axially inside to outside of the tire to form a pair of winded portions and a main portion therebetween. The winded portion around the bead core comprises an axially inwardly extending turnback part above the bead core, and a base part under the bead core. The base part is curved concavely so as to form a space between the base part and the bead core, and an anchor rubber having a complex elastic modulus of from 20 to 80 MPa is disposed in the space to tightly pinch the carcass cords between the anchor rubber and the bead seat of the wheel rim.

Abstract: A heavy duty tire comprises: a carcass ply of cords extending between bead portions; and a bead reinforcing layer disposed in each of the bead portion. The carcass ply has edges winded around the bead cores so that the winded portion has a base part extending along the bead core from the axially inside to the axially outside thereof, and a radially outer part extending axially inwards on the radially outside of the bead core. The bead reinforcing layer comprises: a curved portion extending along the base part; an axially outer portion extending radially outwardly, separation from the base part; and an axially inner portion extending radially outwardly along a main portion of the carcass ply. The bead reinforcing layer is composed of a ply of cords laid side by side, and the spacing Da of the cords in an axially outer part beneath the bead core, of the curved portion is not less than 1.5 times and not more than 3.0 times the spacing Db of the cords in the axially outer portion.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire having an improved noise performance without deteriorating the drainage performance and having in a tread portion at least one circumferential main groove 3 which extend continuously in the tire circumferential direction, wherein the circumferential main groove 3 has a pair of groove walls 6, and in at least one of the groove walls 6 are provided at intervals in the tire circumferential direction a plurality of fine grooves 9 each of which extends in the tire radial direction and is provided in at least a part of its inner surface with a non-flat portion 10 extending in a wave-like form in its length direction.

Abstract: A tire 2 has a belt 14 and a hard rubber layer 16. The belt 14 has a first ply 26, a second ply 28, a third ply 30 and a fourth ply 32. A width W3 of the third ply 30 is smaller than a width W1 of the first ply 26 and a width W2 of the second ply 28, and 75% of a width of a tread. Each of the plies 26, 28, 30, 32 has a steel cord. The first ply 26 and the second ply 28 construct a cross-ply structure. A cord of the third ply 30 is wound spirally. The third ply 30 has what is referred to as a jointless structure. The hard rubber layer 16 is positioned between the first ply 26 and the second ply 28, and outward of the third ply 30 in an axial direction. A complex elastic modulus of the hard rubber layer 16 is equal to or greater than 30 MPa.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of a joint structure for an earthquake-resistant member can be provided at an intersect portion of a steel column extending in a substantially vertical direction and a steel beam extending in a substantially horizontal direction, and facilitated for joining an earthquake-resistant member to the intersect portion. The joint structure can include: a first joining plate located along the steel column without fixing the first joining plate to the steel column; a second joining plate located along the steel beam without fixing the second joining plate to the steel beam; a first movement-restraint member which restrains the first joining plate; and a second movement-restraint member which restrains the second joining plate. The earthquake-resistant member can be joined to the first joining plate and the second joining plate.

Abstract: A heavy duty tire having an improved durability in bead portions and comprising a carcass ply of steel cords, the end portions of which are turned up around bead cores from the axially inside to the axially outside of the tire, and a core protecting rubber having a complex elastic modulus of 50 to 80 Mpa, at least a part of which is located in a core inside region which is located axially inward of the bead core and is sandwiched between the axially inner surface of the bead core and the steel cords of the turnup portion of the carcass ply.

Abstract: A heavy duty tire comprises a tread portion, a pair of sidewall portions, a pair of bead portions each with a bead core therein, the bead core with an aspect ratio (HC1/WC) of from 0.43 to 0.58, and a carcass comprising a carcass ply of cords extending between the bead portions and turned up around a bead core in each bead portion from the inside to outside of the tire so as to form a pair of turnup portions and a main portion therebetween, the turnup portion comprising a turnup main-part extending along an axially inner surface, a radially inner surface and an axially outer surface of the bead core smoothly, and a turnup sub-part extending from the turnup main-part toward the main portion near the radially outer surface of the bead core.