Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to provide a vinylsulfonic anhydride which is useful as a synthetic intermediate for synthesis of a fluorinated monomer. It is also directed to efficiently produce the vinylsulfonic anhydride. It is further directed to efficiently produce a fluorinated monomer using the vinylsulfonic anhydride. A vinylsulfonic anhydride of the present disclosure is expressed by the general formula (1). Further, a process for producing a vinylsulfonic anhydride of the present disclosure includes making a vinylsulfonic acid compound represented by the general formula (2) come in contact and be mixed with an anhydridization agent.

Abstract: Selection of an evaluation index based upon statistical values of respective evaluation indices is disclosed. In one example, an information processing apparatus comprises an evaluation index unit that determines a plurality of evaluation indices on a basis of imaging data obtained by imaging a subject, wherein the evaluation indices are respectively based upon different wavelength component combinations of the imaging data. An evaluation value unit determines an evaluation value based on a statistical value of each of the evaluation indices, for each of the evaluation indices. A selection unit then determines a selected evaluation index from the evaluation indices on a basis of the evaluation values.

Abstract: Selection of an evaluation index based upon statistical values of respective evaluation indices is disclosed. In one example, an information processing apparatus comprises an evaluation index unit that determines a plurality of evaluation indices on a basis of imaging data obtained by imaging a subject, wherein the evaluation indices are respectively based upon different wavelength component combinations of the imaging data. An evaluation value unit determines an evaluation value based on a statistical value of each of the evaluation indices, for each of the evaluation indices. A selection unit then determines a selected evaluation index from the evaluation indices on a basis of the evaluation values.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to provide a vinylsulfonic anhydride which is useful as a synthetic intermediate for synthesis of a fluorinated monomer. It is also directed to efficiently produce the vinylsulfonic anhydride. It is further directed to efficiently produce a fluorinated monomer using the vinylsulfonic anhydride. A vinylsulfonic anhydride of the present disclosure is expressed by the general formula (1). Further, a process for producing a vinylsulfonic anhydride of the present disclosure includes making a vinylsulfonic acid compound represented by the general formula (2) come in contact and be mixed with an anhydridization agent.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a production process of an ?-hydroxy acid having a sufficient quality as a polymer raw material, which process does not produce a large amount of waste as a byproduct and is economical. The present invention provides a production process of an ?-hydroxy acid having a step of adding a basic metal to an ?-hydroxy acid ammonium salt to yield an ?-hydroxy acid metal salt and a step of desalting the ?-hydroxy acid metal salt to yield the ?-hydroxy acid.

Abstract: A CE apparatus (9) is a terminal capable of including apparatus authentication information therein with a high degree of safety. A management server (7) encrypts apparatus authentication information and transmits the encrypted apparatus authentication information to a factory (5). A factory worker links a connection means (10) to a connector of the CE apparatus (9). The encrypted apparatus authentication information transmitted by the management server (7) to the factory (5) is supplied to the CE apparatus (9) in a state of being encrypted as it is by way of the connection means (10). The CE apparatus (9) includes an embedded write module for decrypting the encrypted apparatus authentication information and storing the apparatus authentication information in a storage unit. That is to say, the apparatus authentication information supplied by way of the connection means (10) is decrypted by the write module and stored in the storage unit employed in the CE apparatus (9).

Abstract: <Problem to be Solved> A process for producing a cyclic and/or linear phosphonitrilic acid ester from a cyclic and/or linear phosphonitrile dichloride is provided, wherein the reaction time is shorter and the content of monochloro phosphazenes is very small. <Solution> When phosphonitrile dichloride is reacted with a metal arylolate and/or a metal alcoholate in the presence of a reaction solvent, a metal arylolate and/or a metal alcoholate composed of at least two different metals having different ionization energies is used and also a specific compound is used as a catalyst.

Abstract: A polycarboxylic acid mixture comprising 80% by weight or more of 1,3,6-hexanetricarboxylic acid, wherein the polycarboxylic acid mixture has a psychometric lightness L-value of 98 or more, a psychometric chroma a-value of from ?2.0 to 2.0 and a psychometric chroma b-value of from ?2.0 to 3.0, and has a nitrogen content of 5,000 ppm by weight or less.

Abstract: A CE apparatus (9) is a terminal capable of including apparatus authentication information therein with a high degree of safety. A management server (7) encrypts apparatus authentication information and transmits the encrypted apparatus authentication information to a factory (5). A factory worker links a connection means (10) to a connector of the CE apparatus (9). The encrypted apparatus authentication information transmitted by the management server (7) to the factory (5) is supplied to the CE apparatus (9) in a state of being encrypted as it is by way of the connection means (10). The CE apparatus (9) includes an embedded write module for decrypting the encrypted apparatus authentication information and storing the apparatus authentication information in a storage unit. That is to say, the apparatus authentication information supplied by way of the connection means (10) is decrypted by the write module and stored in the storage unit employed in the CE apparatus (9).

Abstract: A polycarboxylic acid mixture comprising 80% by weight or more of 1,3,6-hexanetricarboxylic acid, wherein the polycarboxylic acid mixture has a psychometric lightness L-value of 98 or more, a psychometric chroma a-value of from ?2.0 to 2.0 and a psychometric chroma b-value of from ?2.0 to 3.0, and has a nitrogen content of 5,000 ppm by weight or less.