Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus including an image forming unit that forms an image on a recording material, an image capturing unit that captures an image of a user who forms the image, and a control unit that causes the image capturing unit to capture an image in a preset monitoring region when the user does not capture an image using the image capturing unit.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus including an image forming unit that forms an image on a recording material, an image capturing unit that captures an image of a user who forms the image, and a control unit that causes the image capturing unit to capture an image in a preset monitoring region when the user does not capture an image using the image capturing unit.

Abstract: Provided is a surveillance apparatus including a detection unit that detects an intruder who intrudes in a predetermined surveillance region, and an induction unit that induces the intruder when the intruder is detected.

Abstract: Provided is a surveillance system including an image forming device that forms an image on a recording medium, and detects abnormality in a predetermined surveillance region, and coordination equipment that operates in coordination with the image forming device, wherein the image forming device includes an image forming unit that forms an image on the recording medium, a detection unit that adopts an operation state including a normal mode in which the image forming unit operates normally, and a surveillance mode for detecting abnormality in the predetermined surveillance region, a switching unit that switches the operation state of the detection unit, and an output unit that outputs a message indicative of the occurrence of abnormality to the coordination equipment when the detection unit detects the abnormality.

Abstract: A developing apparatus in which a nonmagnetic carrier is used; a developer forward member having a conductive surface and forwarding a nonmagnetic toner and the resin carrier by stirring is disposed so as to confront a toner carrying body with a gap interposed therebetween and so as to arrange a part of the surface thereof close to an inner wall surface of a frame of the apparatus, the frame having a surface profile corresponding to a surface profile of the forward member; and a voltage applying means is arranged so that the voltage applying means applies such a voltage to generate an electric field for attracting the toner in the developer toward the toner carrying body and attracting the resin carrier toward the developer forward member in the area where the toner carrying body confronts the developer forward member.

Abstract: A toner scraper includes a rubber member which is to be contacted with the rotation body of a developing device, and a plate spring member for elastically supporting the rubber member which is fixed to the front end portion of the plate spring member, wherein at least an edge portion of the rubber member which is in the side of a portion of the plate spring member at which the plate spring member is supported is contacted with the surface of the rotation body.Such a toner scraper which is contacted with a roll or belt-like rotation body disposed as a component of a developing device and which scrapes off a toner adhering to the surface of the rotation body is configured so that the scraper can scrape off the toner uniformly and stably even when the contact pressure is relatively low, the scraper can be produced at a low cost, and the scraper has a simple structure.

Abstract: An apparatus develops an electrostatic latent image on a charge-retentive surface. A donor roll is selectably rotatable in a process direction and in a reverse direction relative to the process direction. A toner mover loads toner particles onto a portion of the surface of the donor roll. A metering blade is disposed downstream of the toner mover in the process direction. A seal is disposed upstream of the toner mover in the process direction, and is adapted to remove at least approximately half of the undeveloped toner from the donor roll.

Abstract: An elastic rotation body contacts with the surface of a developer carrier and rotates in the same direction as that of the carrier. A bias voltage for forming an electric field for attracting a developer on the carrier which has passed through a development station is applied to the elastic rotation body. The elastic rotation body is disposed at the edge portion of an opening of a device housing in the downstream of the development station, in such a manner that a part of the surface of the elastic rotation body is exposed to the outside of the device housing, and the clearance between the rotation body and the electrostatic latent image holder is greater than the clearance between the developer carrier and the electrostatic latent image holder. A developer removing member for returning the developer on the elastic rotation body to the interior of the device housing is disposed.

Abstract: An apparatus develops an electrostatic latent image on a charge-retentive surface. A donor roll is selectably rotatable in a process direction and in a reverse direction relative to the process direction. A toner mover loads toner particles onto a portion of the surface of the donor roll. A metering blade is disposed downstream of the toner mover in the process direction. A seal is disposed upstream of the toner mover in the process direction, and is adapted to remove at least approximately half of the undeveloped toner from the donor roll.

Abstract: Disclosed is a one-component developing apparatus in which a developing agent scale-off member such as a wire member is provided parallel to the surface of the developing agent carrier so as to be in contact with or in close proximity to a developing agent carrier. A developing agent thin layer formed on the surface of the developing agent carrier which did not contribute to development in a development region comes into contact with the developing agent scale-off member so as to be forcibly scaled off of the developing agent carrier, so that the image history is erased. When the developing agent scale-off member is made to vibrate, or a bias voltage is applied between the developing agent scale-off member and the developing agent carrier, the developing agent may be scaled off more efficiently.

Abstract: A carrier of developers composed of a composition represented by (MO).sub.X (Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3) having bulk density of 1.8-3.4 g/Cm.sup.3 and magnetization of 10-30 emu/g in a magnetic field of 450-1000 O (oersted), where M is at least one metal selected from the group comprising lithium, manganese, nickel, zinc, cadmium, copper, cobalt, and magnesium.

Abstract: A developing method comprising disposing an electrostatic latent image holding body and a development electrode carrying a toner layer opposite to each other with a gap therebetween and transferring the toner from the development electrode to the electrostatic latent image holding body across the gap to develop the electrostatic latent image. A toner carrying layer of a resistive material having the specific resistance of 10.sup.6 to 10.sup.12 .OMEGA..cm is formed over the development electrode opposite to the electrostatic latent image holding body and a fringing field is formed in part of the electrostatic latent image holding body corresponding to the latent image formed over the electrostatic latent image holding body by applying a high-frequency alternating electric field to the development electrode and thereby causing the toner adhere to the electrostatic latent image holding body in the form of the electrostatic latent image.