Abstract: A suspension for a vehicle, includes a coil spring interposed between a vehicle body and an axle. An end turn portion on at least one end of the coil spring is covered by a viscoelastic material.

Abstract: A vehicle body base structure includes a battery pack that is configured to supply electric power to a traction motor and that is disposed beneath a floor panel, a bracket that pivotally supports a trailing arm and that is fixed to a rear side member, and a reinforcing brace that is fixed to the bracket and that is also fixed to the battery pack. The bracket is located rearward from the battery pack in a vehicle front-rear direction.

Abstract: A through-hole electrode substrate includes a substrate including a through-hole extending from a first aperture of a first surface to a second aperture of a second surface, an area of the second aperture being larger than that of the first aperture, the through-hole having a minimum aperture part between the first aperture and the second aperture, wherein an area of the minimum aperture part in a planer view is smallest among a plurality of areas of the through-hole in a planer view, a filler arranged within the through-hole, and at least one gas discharge member contacting the filler exposed to one of the first surface and the second surface.

Abstract: A through-hole electrode substrate includes a substrate including a through-hole extending from a first aperture of a first surface to a second aperture of a second surface, an area of the second aperture being larger than that of the first aperture, the through-hole having a minimum aperture part between the first aperture and the second aperture, wherein an area of the minimum aperture part in a planer view is smallest among a plurality of areas of the through-hole in a planer view, a filler arranged within the through-hole, and at least one gas discharge member contacting the filler exposed to one of the first surface and the second surface.

Abstract: A suspension for a vehicle, includes a coil spring interposed between a vehicle body and an axle. An end turn portion on at least one end of the coil spring is covered by a viscoelastic material.

Abstract: A film mold according to the present embodiment includes a first resin layer having a pattern region including a concavo-convex pattern and constituted by a resin composition, and a first glass substrate layer constituted by thin film glass and laminated on a surface on an opposite side to a surface on which the pattern region is formed in the first resin layer.

Abstract: A through-hole electrode substrate includes a substrate including a through-hole extending from a first aperture of a first surface to a second aperture of a second surface, an area of the second aperture being larger than that of the first aperture, the through-hole having a minimum aperture part between the first aperture and the second aperture, wherein an area of the minimum aperture part in a planer view is smallest among a plurality of areas of the through-hole in a planer view, a filler arranged within the through-hole, and at least one gas discharge member contacting the filler exposed to one of the first surface and the second surface.

Abstract: A through-hole electrode substrate includes a substrate including a through-hole extending from a first aperture of a first surface to a second aperture of a second surface, an area of the second aperture being larger than that of the first aperture, the through-hole having a minimum aperture part between the first aperture and the second aperture, wherein an area of the minimum aperture part in a planer view is smallest among a plurality of areas of the through-hole in a planer view, a filler arranged within the through-hole, and at least one gas discharge member contacting the filler exposed to one of the first surface and the second surface.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element and a light irradiation device which have high optical utilization efficiency, in which, even if the incidence angle of light deviates, the influence on diffracted light is small and desired diffracted light can be stably obtained, and which have little unevenness in diffracted light. A diffractive optical element is provided with a diffractive layer having in a sectional shape a high refractive index part in which a plurality of protruding portions are arranged side by side, and a low refractive index part and including a recessed section formed at least between the protruding portions. The protruding portion has a multistep shape provided with a plurality of step areas having different heights on at least one side of a cross-section thereof, and the cross-section of the protruding portion is at least partially provided with an inclined portion.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element is configured to provide desired diffracted light and is excellent in durability. The diffractive optical element shapes light from a light source, wherein the diffractive optical element is provided with a diffractive layer having a periodic structure having low refractive index portions and high refractive index portions, and the high refractive index portions of the periodic structure include one having an aspect ratio of 2 or more.

Abstract: A through-hole electrode substrate includes a substrate including a through-hole extending from a first aperture of a first surface to a second aperture of a second surface, an area of the second aperture being larger than that of the first aperture, the through-hole having a minimum aperture part between the first aperture and the second aperture, wherein an area of the minimum aperture part in a planer view is smallest among a plurality of areas of the through-hole in a planer view, a filler arranged within the through-hole, and at least one gas discharge member contacting the filler exposed to one of the first surface and the second surface.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element is configured to provide desired diffracted light and is excellent in durability. The diffractive optical element shapes light from a light source, wherein the diffractive optical element is provided with a diffractive layer having a periodic structure having low refractive index portions and high refractive index portions, and the high refractive index portions of the periodic structure include one having an aspect ratio of 2 or more.

Abstract: A through-hole electrode substrate includes a substrate including a through-hole extending from a first aperture of a first surface to a second aperture of a second surface, an area of the second aperture being larger than that of the first aperture, the through-hole having a minimum aperture part between the first aperture and the second aperture, wherein an area of the minimum aperture part in a planer view is smallest among a plurality of areas of the through-hole in a planer view, a filler arranged within the through-hole, and at least one gas discharge member contacting the filler exposed to one of the first surface and the second surface.

Abstract: Phenylimidazole compounds of formula (1) shown below and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: Also disclosed are a pharmaceutical composition and a lipoprotein lipase activator, each containing one of the phenylimidazole compounds.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element is configured to provide desired diffracted light and is excellent in durability. The diffractive optical element shapes light from a light source, wherein the diffractive optical element is provided with a diffractive layer having a periodic structure having low refractive index portions and high refractive index portions, and the high refractive index portions of the periodic structure include one having an aspect ratio of 2 or more.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element and a light irradiation device which have high optical utilization efficiency, in which, even if the incidence angle of light deviates, the influence on diffracted light is small and desired diffracted light can be stably obtained, and which have little unevenness in diffracted light. A diffractive optical element is provided with a diffractive layer having in a sectional shape a high refractive index part in which a plurality of protruding portions are arranged side by side, and a low refractive index part and including a recessed section formed at least between the protruding portions. The protruding portion has a multistep shape provided with a plurality of step areas having different heights on at least one side of a cross-section thereof, and the cross-section of the protruding portion is at least partially provided with an inclined portion.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element is configured to provide desired diffracted light and is excellent in durability. The diffractive optical element shapes light from a light source, wherein the diffractive optical element is provided with a diffractive layer having a periodic structure having low refractive index portions and high refractive index portions, and the high refractive index portions of the periodic structure include one having an aspect ratio of 2 or more.

Abstract: A through-hole electrode substrate includes a substrate including a through-hole extending from a first aperture of a first surface to a second aperture of a second surface, an area of the second aperture being larger than that of the first aperture, the through-hole having a minimum aperture part between the first aperture and the second aperture, wherein an area of the minimum aperture part in a planer view is smallest among a plurality of areas of the through-hole in a planer view, a filler arranged within the through-hole, and at least one gas discharge member contacting the filler exposed to one of the first surface and the second surface.

Abstract: A through-hole electrode substrate includes a substrate including a through-hole extending from a first aperture of a first surface to a second aperture of a second surface, an area of the second aperture 5 being larger than that of the first aperture, the through-hole having a minimum aperture part between the first aperture and the second aperture, wherein an area of the minimum aperture part in a planar view is smallest among a plurality of areas of the through-hole in a planar view, a filler arranged within the 10 through-hole, and at least one gas discharge member contacting the filler exposed to one of the first surface and the second surface.

Abstract: Provided is a compound (chemotherapeutic agent) effective in the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia, obesity, or the like.