Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion comprising grains, wherein 70% or more of the total projected area of the grains is occupied by silver halide grains each meeting requirements (a) to (d) below (a) the grain is composed of a tabular silver halide host grain having two mutually parallel main planes and aspect ratio of 2 or more, and a silver halide protrusion portion epitaxially junctioned on the surface of the host grain; (b) the silver bromide contents of both the host grain and the protrusion portion are 70 mol % or more; (c) the percentage of the silver amount in the protrusion is 12% or less of the silver amount in the host grain; and (d) the grain has a shallow electron-trapping zone.

Abstract: In an optical member, comprising a laminated body in which adhesive layers are prepared in an optical material, wherein a side face of the laminated body has a concavo-convex repeated structure by waveform, rectangle, trapezoid, or zigzagged form, the adhesive layer exposed in a side face may not be easily drawn out by a contact to conveyance instruments or by a friction caused when the optical members are taken out from a piled state etc., and also conveyance interference in assembly line, break of adhesive in adhesive layer side face, a pollution with adhesives, a display interference may not be easily generated.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion wherein a variation coefficient of an equivalent-circle diameter of all the silver halide grains is 40% or less, and 50% or more of the total projected area is occupied by tabular grains satisfying requirements (i) to (v): (i) silver iodobromide having (111) faces as principal surfaces; (ii) the equivalent-sphere diameter of 0.5 &mgr;m or less, a thickness of 0.20 &mgr;m or less, and an average aspect ratio of 3 or more; (iii) a silver iodide content of 2 mol % or more and 6 mol % or less; (iv) a multiple-structure having a quintuple structure or more in which a silver iodide distribution has at least two maximums from a center to an edge, the first maximum is in a range of 3 to 25% by a silver amount constituting grains, and the second maximum is in a range of 50 to 80%; and (v) ten or more of dislocation lines per grain are present at a fringe portion.

Abstract: A motor-driven compressor is formed integrally with a compressor device for compressing refrigerant and a motor for driving the compressor device. The motor-driven compressor includes a drive circuit. The drive circuit controls the driving of the motor. The drive circuit is provided on an exterior surface wall of a refrigerant suction passages and the drive circuit is coated by or buried within an insulating resin material. In such motor-driven compressors, the drive circuit may be sufficiently cooled without using additional cooling equipment. As a result, providing additional cooling equipment with the drive circuit in the motor-driven compressors is no longer necessary.

Abstract: In an optical member, comprising a laminated body in which adhesive layers are prepared in an optical material, wherein a side face of the laminated body has a concavo-convex repeated structure by waveform, rectangle, trapezoid, or zigzagged form, the adhesive layer exposed in a side face may not be easily drawn out by a contact to conveyance instruments or by a friction caused when the optical members are taken out from a piled state etc., and also conveyance interference in assembly line, break of adhesive in adhesive layer side face, a pollution with adhesives, a display interference may not be easily generated.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion comprising grains, wherein 70% or more of the total projected area of the grains is occupied by silver halide grains each meeting requirements (a) to (d) below

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion wherein a variation coefficient of an equivalent-circle diameter of all the silver halide grains is 40% or less, and 50% or more of the total projected area is occupied by tabular grains satisfying requirements (i) to (v):

Abstract: A motor driving inverter comprises a first printed circuit board provided with electronic components, a heat conduction plate made of a metal with high heat conductivity and adhered at one surface to the printed circuit board, thereby supporting the printed circuit board, a heat conduction member made of a material with high heat conductivity and connected to the heat conduction plate, thereby supporting the heat conduction plate, and a box made of a metal with high heat conductivity, accommodating the printed circuit board, the heat conduction plate and the heat conduction member, and connected to the heat conduction member, thereby supporting the heat conduction member.

Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus includes a DC power supply, at least one switching mechanism, and a drive circuit. The drive circuit includes an inverter including a plurality of switching elements. The inverter is directly connected to a positive terminal of the DC power supply and is directly connected to a negative terminal of the DC power supply. The drive circuit also includes a DC to DC converter. In one embodiment, a positive terminal of the DC to DC converter is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply via the at least one switching mechanism. In another embodiment, a negative terminal of the DC to DC converter is connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply via the at least one switching mechanism. The drive circuit also includes a switching element circuit coupled to the inverter and to the DC to DC converter. The switching element circuit selectively activates and deactivates the plurality of switching elements.

Abstract: In a control circuit for controlling a coil current flowing in an electromagnetic coil (21a) connected to a power source (73), a current processing circuit (72, 75, 76, 77) is connected to the power source to process the coil current into a pulse current with a duty ratio. For adjusting the duty ratio in response to variation of a voltage of the power source, a ratio adjusting circuit (79, 80, 81) is connected to the power source and the current processing circuit. The electromagnetic coil is included in a displacement control valve for varying a displacement of a variable displacement compressor.

Abstract: A motor-driven compressor is formed integrally with a compressor device for compressing refrigerant and a motor for driving the compressor device. The motor-driven compressor includes a drive circuit. The drive circuit controls the driving of the motor. The drive circuit is provided on an exterior surface wall of a refrigerant suction passages and the drive circuit is coated by or buried within an insulating resin material. In such motor-driven compressors, the drive circuit may be sufficiently cooled without using additional cooling equipment. As a result, providing additional cooling equipment with the drive circuit in the motor-driven compressors is no longer necessary.

Abstract: A motor-driven compressor is formed integrally with a compression portion and a motor for compressing refrigerant. The motor-driven compressor includes a drive circuit for controlling the driving of the motor. The drive circuit is incorporated into a refrigerant suction side portion of the motor-driven compressor. The motor-driven compressor may be made small and inexpensively, as well as the total system which includes the drive circuit. The assembly of the system may also be more easily facilitated. Further, electromagnetic radiation from an inverter of the drive circuit may be shielded.

Abstract: A silver halide emulsion containing chemically sensitized silver halide grains, wherein the silver halide grains are prepared by ripening the grains by the addition of (1) fine silver halide grains smaller than the silver halide grains to be digested, (2) a solution containing silver ions, (3) a solution containing halide ions and a solution containing silver ions, or (4) a fine silver halide grain emulsion and a solution containing silver ions, wherein the amount of the addition in terms of silver ion is 0.05 to 8 mol % per mol of silver in the silver halide grains, and the addition is performed after 40% or more of the reaction of chalcogen sensitizer that is added during the chemical sensitization step is completed and before the silver halide grains are optimally ripened.

Abstract: A motor driving inverter comprises a first printed circuit board provided with electronic components, a heat conduction plate made of a metal with high heat conductivity and adhered at one surface to the printed circuit board, thereby supporting the printed circuit board, a heat conduction member made of a material with high heat conductivity and connected to the heat conduction plate, thereby supporting the heat conduction plate, and a box made of a metal with high heat conductivity, accommodating the printed circuit board, the heat conduction plate and the heat conduction member, and connected to the heat conduction member, thereby supporting the heat conduction member.

Abstract: A silver halide photosensitive material comprises a compound represented by formula (S1): wherein R1 represents a substituent group, n represents an integer from 0 to 4, R2 and R3 can be the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and R4 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silver halide emulsion that comprises at least a dispersion medium and silver halide grains, wherein 60% or more of the total projected area of the silver halide grains is occupied by tabular grains having an epitaxial junction, which grains each have a {100} face as a main plane and an aspect ratio (diameter/thickness ratio) of from 2.

Abstract: A short prevention control apparatus of an air conditioner for electric vehicles comprises a circuit breaker for a high voltage power source used to drive a compressor of the air conditioner, a drive circuit for driving a compressor motor and a short detecting circuit connected between a coupling wire and ground, wherein the wire connects the circuit breaker and the drive circuit. The short detecting circuit detects a short at a position between ground and a polar bus terminal of the drive circuit or an internal terminal of the compressor motor, when supply of a high voltage direct current is interrupted by the circuit breaker. A short in the air compressor side may be detected and determined without affecting the running of the electric vehicle.

Abstract: A power circuit of an air conditioner for electric vehicles includes a high voltage power source, a drive circuit for driving a compressor motor, and a capacitor connected between a positive side coupling and a negative side coupling to the high voltage power source. The power circuit comprises a diode provided in the positive side coupling and a switching element provided in the negative side coupling. The capacitor is charged by the pulsed operation of the switching element which is controlled by an operation control device. The capacitor may be quickly charged in a stable condition without burdening the devices in the power circuit. Consequently, the air conditioner may be quickly started.

Abstract: A method of stopping a scroll compressor that is driven by a 3-phase dc motor having 3-phase exciter windings is provided. The motor is energized by a 3-phase dc power that is produced from a dc power source through an electronic switching circuit. The switching circuit has three pairs of bridge-connected switching transistors whose switchings are individually controlled by a switching controller. One of each pair of the switching transistors belongs to a first transistor group that is connected to a positive terminal of the dc power source and the other belongs to a second transistor group that is connected to a negative terminal of the dc power source.

Abstract: A thin film magnet and a cylindrical ferromagnetic thin film having a high maximum energy product (greater than 120 kJ/m.sup.3) and thus suitable for use in miniature high performance devices are provided. The thin film magnet is produced by means of physical vapor deposition. The thin film magnet is an (Nd.sub.1-x R.sub.x).sub.y M.sub.1-y-z B.sub.z alloy having a ferromagnetic compound of the Nd.sub.2 Fe.sub.14 B type as its main phase, wherein R is Tb, Ho, and Dy and M is Fe metal or an Fe-based alloy including at least one of Co and Ni, 0.04.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.10,0.11.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.15, and 0.08.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.15. A perpendicular magnetization film having such a composition is deposited on the side wall of a substrate in the columnar (or cylindrical) form thereby obtaining a cylindrical ferromagnetic thin film having radial anisotropy.