Abstract: The pneumatic tire includes a belt layer that is formed by laminating a pair of cross belts and a circumferential reinforcing layer. Additionally, the pneumatic tire 1 includes a plurality of circumferential main grooves, and a plurality of land portions partitioned and formed by the circumferential main grooves in a tread portion. Also, the pneumatic tire includes a mark on a buttress portion in order to determine the time for renewal of the tire. Also, an outermost circumferential main groove is on an outer side in a tire width direction of the circumferential reinforcing layer. Also, a groove bottom gauge t of the outermost circumferential main groove and a distance D in a tire radial direction from a predetermined intersection point A to the mark have a relationship such that ?1.0?D/t?1.0, taking the outer side in the tire radial direction to be positive.

Abstract: The pneumatic tire includes a belt layer that is formed by laminating a pair of cross belts and a circumferential reinforcing layer. Additionally, the pneumatic tire 1 includes a plurality of circumferential main grooves, and a plurality of land portions partitioned and formed by the circumferential main grooves in a tread portion. Also, the pneumatic tire includes a mark on a buttress portion in order to determine the time for renewal of the tire. Also, an outermost circumferential main groove is on an outer side in a tire width direction of the circumferential reinforcing layer. Also, a groove bottom gauge t of the outermost circumferential main groove and a distance D in a tire radial direction from a predetermined intersection point A to the mark have a relationship such that ?1.0?D/t?1.0, taking the outer side in the tire radial direction to be positive.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire including a plurality of circumferential main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction, a plurality of land portions partitioned by the circumferential main grooves, a narrow groove extending in the tire circumferential direction and disposed in an edge portion of a road contact surface side and an outer side in the tire width direction of the shoulder land portion on an outermost side in a tire width direction, and a narrow rib that is partitioned by the narrow groove. The narrow rib includes an offset portion having a road contact surface offset inward in a tire radial direction from the road contact surface of the shoulder land portion, and a protrusion protruding in the tire radial direction from the offset portion, extending in the tire circumferential direction, and having a top surface that is substantially flush with a profile line of the shoulder land portion.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire including a plurality of circumferential main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction, a plurality of land portions partitioned by the circumferential main grooves, a narrow groove extending in the tire circumferential direction and disposed in an edge portion of a road contact surface side and an outer side in the tire width direction of the shoulder land portion on an outermost side in a tire width direction, and a narrow rib that is partitioned by the narrow groove. The narrow rib includes an offset portion having a road contact surface offset inward in a tire radial direction from the road contact surface of the shoulder land portion, and a protrusion protruding in the tire radial direction from the offset portion, extending in the tire circumferential direction, and having a top surface that is substantially flush with a profile line of the shoulder land portion.

Abstract: A novel examination method for accurately evaluating the effectiveness of treatment with an anticancer drug for the administration of the anticancer drug targeting a tumor-associated factor receptor is provided. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of trastuzumab (Herceptin™) of an anticancer drug, it was found to be meaningful to examine the expression of MUC4, that is, a substance which interacts with HER2/c-erbB-2 belonging to the epidermal growth factor receptor family on the surface of and/or within the cell membrane. From this fact, in order to treat various cancers with an anticancer drug targeting the tumor-associated factor receptors, it was found to be meaningful to detect previously the expression of intracellular ligands against the receptors. The finding completes the present invention.

Abstract: To provide a novel gene and protein involved in multidrug resistance in cancer, to elucidate functions of the gene and protein, to provide methods of detecting the gene and antibody against the protein and of testing and diagnosing cancer using the gene and antibody, we found a novel protein (RB1CC1) or polypeptide and gene thereof present in nucleus of human or animal cells and having transcription factor functions and/or functions inducing expression of retinoblastoma-1 gene (RB1 gene) or the gene product. We determined the amino acid sequence and cDNA sequence, conducted gene amplification and detection with primers hybridizing with the gene, tested for expression and mutation of the gene, discovered the gene relates to cancer cell proliferation and assayed cancers, prepared antibody against the protein and detected the protein using the antibody, whereby we found a relation between the protein and cancer cell proliferation, and assayed cancers.