Abstract: Provided herein are microbial compositions that include: one or more photosynthetic microorganism(s); and one or more agricultural adjuvant(s); wherein the microbial composition has one or more of any of the following activities: produces one or more carbon species; produces one or more nitrogen species; produces one or more molecule(s) containing carbon and nitrogen; increases soil organic matter; improves soil water-holding capacity; demonstrates growth in different soil types with or without vegetation; protects vegetation against plant pathogens; protects vegetation against pests; promotes growth of vegetation; produces molecules having one or more of insecticidal, herbicidal, anti-fungal, weed controlling, and seed germination activity; promotes root growth of vegetation; and inhibits denitrification.