Abstract: When data is transmitted to a destination of data transmission, a multiplex communication system 1 as a source of data transmission receives, from the destination of data transmission through a data reception processing unit 15, the information about the amount of data which can be successively received, compares the amount of data which can be successively received with the amount of data which can be successively transmitted as preset, selects the smaller amount, creates a packet for successively transmitting data frames corresponding to the amount of data as selected, and transmit said packet through a data transmission processing unit 14.

Abstract: When data is transmitted to a destination of data transmission, a multiplex communication system 1 as a source of data transmission receives, from the destination of data transmission through a data reception processing unit 15, the information about the amount of data which can be successively received, compares the amount of data which can be successively received with the amount of data which can be successively transmitted as preset, selects the smaller amount, creates a packet for successively transmitting data frames corresponding to the amount of data as selected, and transmit said packet through a data transmission processing unit 14.

Abstract: The main material of related photoconductors is silicon. When toner is blown onto a photoconductor, spots of NOx occur, which leads to occurrence of image blurring and image running, and image quality deteriorates substantially. In the present invention, there is provided a photoconductor for use in an electro-photographic photoconductor comprising a conductive substrate, a carrier blocking layer and a photosensitive layer, wherein a value for a polarized element of the most outer surface energy of the photoconductor is 2 [mN/cm] or less. The photoconductor can therefore be used without being heated to 35-45° C., heating equipment is unnecessary, and image blurring and image running do not occur. The present invention also includes defining of the most outer surface energy of the photoconductor having a surface protection layer composed mainly of silicon on the photosensitive layer.

Abstract: A first object of the present invention is to provide a photosensor for use in an apparatus such as a copying machine, a printer etc. employing an electrophotographic technology which can prevent an image anomaly such as a blurring from generation even if it is exposed to a high-humidity ambient for a long period and subjected to multiple repetitions of numerous printing characters.A second object of the invention is to provide a photosensor for use in electrophotography which is excellent in surface abrasion durability, humidity resistivity etc.To satisfy the first purpose mentioned above, a photoconductive layer 2 formed of an amorphous layer including silicon atoms as a major element is deposited on a conductive substrate 1 formed of aluminium etc.