Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a substrate and a photosensitive layer containing a phthalocyanine pigment. The crystalline particles of the phthalocyanine pigment have a crystallite correlation length r and a particle size R of 400 nm or less, and a parameter k defined by r/R is in the range of 0.17 to 0.42.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer in this order, the charge transport layer containing a charge transport material. The charge transport layer is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member and contains a polycarbonate resin having a structural unit selected from group A and a structural unit selected from group B.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a hole transporting layer containing a polyester resin having a structural unit expressed by formula (1) as a hole transporting substance.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer in this order, the charge transport layer containing a charge transport material. The charge transport layer is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member and contains a polycarbonate resin having a structural unit selected from group A and a structural unit selected from group B (groups A and B defined in the disclosure).

Abstract: A charge transporting layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a polysiloxane resin having a terminal structure represented by the formula (1), at least one selected from the group consisting of a polycarbonate resin A having a structural unit represented by the formula (A) and a polyarylate resin B having a structural unit represented by the formula (B), and a charge transporting substance, wherein the content of the siloxane structure in the polysiloxane resin is not less than 0.5% by mass and not more than 10% by mass based on the total mass of whole resin in the charge transporting layer.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a substrate and a photosensitive layer containing a phthalocyanine pigment. The crystalline particles of the phthalocyanine pigment have a crystallite correlation length r and a particle size R of 400 nm or less, and a parameter k defined by r/R is in the range of 0.17 to 0.42.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member including a support and a photosensitive layer. The photosensitive layer contains crystalline complexes of hydroxygallium phthalocyanine and chlorogallium phthalocyanine, the crystalline complexes containing an amide compound represented by Formula (1): R1—NHCHO, where R1 represents a methyl group, a propyl group, or a vinyl group.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer in this order, the charge transport layer containing a charge transport material. The charge transport layer is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member and contains a polycarbonate resin having a structural unit selected from group A and a structural unit selected from group B (groups A and B defined in the disclosure).

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer in this order, the charge transport layer containing a charge transport material. The charge transport layer is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member and contains a polycarbonate resin having a structural unit selected from group A and a structural unit selected from group B (groups A and B defined in the disclosure).

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support member, a charge generating layer, and a charge transport layer in that order. The charge generating layer contains a gallium phthalocyanine crystal containing therein at least one amide compound selected from the group consisting of N-methylformamide, N-propylformamide, and N-vinylformamide. The charge transport layer contains fluorine-containing resin particles and a fluorine-containing copolymer.

Abstract: The charge generating layer includes a gallium phthalocyanine crystal in which an organic compound (P) is contained, the organic compound (P) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylformamide, N-propylformamide, N-vinylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone, the content of the organic compound (P) is 0.1% by mass or more and 1.5% by mass or less based on a gallium phthalocyanine in the gallium phthalocyanine crystal, and the charge transporting layer includes a resin having a siloxane structure, and a compound (Q) having a boiling point of 150° C. or more at 1 atm.

Abstract: To provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member that can allow a high-quality image, in which photomemory after repeated use in a high-speed process is suppressed, to be output, as well as a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus including the electrophotographic photosensitive member. An electrophotographic photosensitive member wherein a charge generating layer includes a gallium phthalocyanine crystal in which an organic compound is contained, wherein the organic compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylformamide, N-propylformamide, N-vinylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone, the content of the organic compound is 0.1% by mass or more and 2.0% by mass or less based on a gallium phthalocyanine in the gallium phthalocyanine crystal, and a charge transporting layer includes a polycarbonate resin having structural units represented by the following formula (1).

Abstract: Provided an electrophotographic image forming apparatus comprising an electrophotographic photosensitive member and a charging member. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a charge transport layer as a surface layer having a matrix-domain structure including specific resins. The charging member comprises an electro-conductive substrate, and an electro-conductive elastic layer. The electro-conductive elastic layer comprises a binder, and holding a bowl-shaped resin particle having an opening, so that at least a part of the bowl-shaped resin particle is exposed, and the charging member has a concavity derived from the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle on the surface thereof, and a protrusion derived from an edge of the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle on the surface thereof.

Abstract: A surface layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains (?) a particular siloxane-modified resin, (?) a particular compound, and a charge transporting substance. (?) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of hexanol, heptanol, cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, nitrobenzene, pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, benzyl acetate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, acetophenone, methyl salicylate, dimethyl phthalate, and sulfolane.

Abstract: The charge transporting layer as the surface layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a charge transporting substances represented by any one of formulae (1) to (5), a specific compound, and a specific resin (binder resin). The specific compound is hexanol, heptanol, cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, nitrobenzene, pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, benzyl acetate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, acetophenone, methyl salicylate, dimethyl phthalate, or sulfolane.

Abstract: A charge transporting layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a polysiloxane resin having a terminal structure represented by the formula (1), at least one selected from the group consisting of a polycarbonate resin A having a structural unit represented by the formula (A) and a polyarylate resin B having a structural unit represented by the formula (B), and a charge transporting substance, wherein the content of the siloxane structure in the polysiloxane resin is not less than 0.5% by mass and not more than 10% by mass based on the total mass of whole resin in the charge transporting layer.

Abstract: Provided an electrophotographic image forming apparatus comprising an electrophotographic photosensitive member and a charging member. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a charge transport layer as a surface layer having a matrix-domain structure including specific resins. The charging member comprises an electro-conductive substrate, and an electro-conductive elastic layer. The electro-conductive elastic layer comprises a binder, and holding a bowl-shaped resin particle having an opening, so that at least a part of the bowl-shaped resin particle is exposed, and the charging member has a concavity derived from the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle on the surface thereof, and a protrusion derived from an edge of the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle on the surface thereof.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a hole transporting layer containing a polyester resin having a structural unit expressed by formula (1) as a hole transporting substance.

Abstract: The charge transporting layer as the surface layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a charge transporting substances represented by any one of formulae (1) to (5), a specific compound, and a specific resin (binder resin). The specific compound is hexanol, heptanol, cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, nitrobenzene, pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, benzyl acetate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, acetophenone, methyl salicylate, dimethyl phthalate, or sulfolane.

Abstract: A surface layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member contains (?) a particular siloxane-modified resin, (?) a particular compound, and a charge transporting substance. (?) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of hexanol, heptanol, cyclohexanol, benzyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, nitrobenzene, pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, benzyl acetate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, acetophenone, methyl salicylate, dimethyl phthalate, and sulfolane.