Abstract: A multi-plate oil cooler with high joining strength with an inner fin while suppressing a usage amount of a nickel brazing filler, even when ferrite-based stainless steel with low wettability for a nickel brazing filler is used for a plate is provided. A plate made from a ferrite-based stainless steel plate and an inner fin made from a pure iron plate or a carbon steel plate are joined with a nickel brazing filler to form a multi-plate oil cooler. In general, a structure body is provided wherein a ferrite-based stainless steel and pure iron or a carbon steel are joined with a nickel brazing filler.

Abstract: A multi-plate oil cooler with high joining strength with an inner fin while suppressing a usage amount of a nickel brazing filler, even when ferrite-based stainless steel with low wettability for a nickel brazing filler is used for a plate is provided. A plate made from a ferrite-based stainless steel plate and an inner fin made from a pure iron plate or a carbon steel plate are joined with a nickel brazing filler to form a multi-plate oil cooler. In general, a structure body is provided wherein a ferrite-based stainless steel and pure iron or a carbon steel are joined with a nickel brazing filler.

Abstract: An air cleaner comprises a filter element, for filtrating air, including a frame structure, a case provided with an opening through which the filter element is inserted into the case and having an abutment surface to which the seal portion of the filter element contacts, and a holder provided with a lid portion closing the opening of the case when fitted to the case. The filter element is first inserted into the case and the holder is thereafter fitted into the case so as to contact the seal portion of the filter element to the abutment surface of the case.

Abstract: An air cleaner comprises a filter element, for filtrating air, including a frame structure, a case provided with an opening through which the filter element is inserted into the case and having an abutment surface to which the seal portion of the filter element contacts, and a holder provided with a lid portion closing the opening of the case when fitted to the case. The filter element is first inserted into the case and the holder is thereafter fitted into the case so as to contact the seal portion of the filter element to the abutment surface of the case.

Abstract: When an operation relating to print processing is to be instructed, a user information producing section produces an identification of a user and transmits the operation in a user name to which the identification is attached. A correctness inquiry judging section judges whether it is necessary to verify correctness of the identification, in accordance with a security policy stored in a support authentication level storing section. If necessary, a user verifying section is requested to verify the correctness. The user verifying section performs user verification corresponding to an authentication level. In a high level, reverification of the identification is performed by an authenticating section. In a middle level, user authentication based on an authentication scheme of the client environment is used. In a low level, the system believes the user name designated by the user. An operation controlling section judges whether the operation is allowed to the verified user.

Abstract: A network system capable of speedily selecting an intermediate system which can provide a shortest route of data communication among various intermediate systems even if routing information is not stored on the end system side, and in which the wasteful routing information is not held on the end system side, thereby minimizing an amount of routing information stored. In the network system, each packet for broadcast communication sent from each intermediate system is imparted to an intermediate system-address extracting unit 6 via a reception unit 2 and a packet processing unit 4 in the end system. The management-address extracting unit 6 extracts addresses of the intermediate systems from the packets, and stores these addresses in the management-address storage unit 8.

Abstract: A network system which comprises a plurality of networks, a single or a plurality of terminal devices connected to each of the plurality of networks, and a plurality of manager units for relaying data transferred between the terminal devices and for transmitting to the networks broadcasting communication data having a destination address for broadcasting and also having its own address to be used as a transmission originator, which is arranged to reduce the useless holding of routing information on decision of a communication path in the system so as to minimize the necessary memory capacity of each terminal device, monitors an elapse time after acquisition of the routing information and an elapse time after the last utilization thereof and, when any one of these elapse times exceeds their predetermined threshold times, deletes the associated routing information and its related information.

Abstract: A system for controlling a gain of an error signal amplifier, the system including an error signal generation device for generating a tracking error signal corresponding to an interval between a pickup information reading point, and a recording track, on a recording disk, a position detection unit for generating a position detection signal corresponding to a position of the pickup, an error signal amplifier for amplifying the tracking error signal, and a control device for controlling a tracking state of the pickup information reading point in accordance with an output of the error signal amplifier.