Abstract: An exhaust gas purification filter has a honeycomb structure body and upstream side plug members. Cell holes are composed of inlet cell holes and outlet cell holes. In a central area and an outer peripheral area, a gas flow channel cross sectional area Sc1 of the outlet cell holes is larger than a gas flow channel cross sectional area So1 of the inlet cell holes, where Sc1<So1. A first ratio Rc is smaller than a second ratio Ro. The first ratio Rc is a ratio of Sc1 and Sc2. The second ratio Ro is a ratio of So1 to So2. In a first direction X and a second direction Y, the inlet cell holes and the outlet cell holes are alternately arranged, and the cell walls in the central area are larger in thickness than the cell walls in the outer peripheral area.

Abstract: A honeycomb structural body includes: a porous cell wall that partitions a cylindrical casing; and a large number of cells extending in the axial direction X thereof and alternately blocked at an upstream end face. The large number of cells include plugged cells having plugs and penetrating cells that do not have the plugs. The plugged cells and the penetrating cells both include complete cells and incomplete cells. At least some of plugged incomplete cells of the incomplete cells have a cross-sectional area smaller than a cross-sectional area of penetrating complete cells, and are configured as blocked cells that are entirely blocked inside in the axial direction.

Abstract: An exhaust gas filter purifies exhaust gas containing particulate matter emitted from an engine. The filter has cell walls and cells surrounded by the cell walls. Through pores formed in the cell walls, adjacent cells are communicated. The cells have open cells opening along an axial direction of the filter, and plugged cells. An upstream end part of the plugged cell is plugged by a plug member. On a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, a flow-passage sectional area of the plugged cells is larger than a flow-passage sectional area of the open cells. A total length of the filter is not less than a first standard value and is not more than a critical length Lm determined by respective predetermined equations.

Abstract: An emissions control substrate. The emissions control substrate includes a first end in receipt of exhaust from an engine, and a second end from which exhaust exits the substrate. The second end is opposite to the first end. A plurality of channels are defined by sidewalls. The channels are arranged between the first end and the second end to direct exhaust from the engine through the emissions control substrate. The sidewalls at least one of filter and treat exhaust particulates as the exhaust passes through the sidewalls. The plurality of channels include at least one first channel defined by sidewalls that curve inward along lengths thereof from the first end to the second end.

Abstract: A honeycomb structural body includes: a porous cell wall that partitions a cylindrical casing; and a large number of cells extending in the axial direction X thereof and alternately blocked at an upstream end face. The large number of cells include plugged cells having plugs and penetrating cells that do not have the plugs. The plugged cells and the penetrating cells both include complete cells and incomplete cells. At least some of plugged incomplete cells of the incomplete cells have a cross-sectional area smaller than a cross-sectional area of penetrating complete cells, and are configured as blocked cells that are entirely blocked inside in the axial direction.

Abstract: An emissions control substrate. The emissions control substrate includes a first end in receipt of exhaust from an engine, and a second end from which exhaust exits the substrate. The second end is opposite to the first end. A plurality of channels are defined by sidewalls. The channels are arranged between the first end and the second end to direct exhaust from the engine through the emissions control substrate. The sidewalls at least one of filter and treat exhaust particulates as the exhaust passes through the sidewalls. The plurality of channels include at least one first channel defined by sidewalls that curve inward along lengths thereof from the first end to the second end.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification filter has a honeycomb structure body and upstream side plug members. Cell holes are composed of inlet cell holes and outlet cell holes. In a central area and an outer peripheral area, a gas flow channel cross sectional area Sc1 of the outlet cell holes is larger than a gas flow channel cross sectional area So1 of the inlet cell holes, where Sc1<So1. A first ratio Rc is smaller than a second ratio Ro. The first ratio Rc is a ratio of Sc1 and Sc2. The second ratio Ro is a ratio of So1 to So2. In a first direction X and a second direction Y, the inlet cell holes and the outlet cell holes are alternately arranged, and the cell walls in the central area are larger in thickness than the cell walls in the outer peripheral area.

Abstract: An exhaust gas filter purifies exhaust gas containing particulate matter emitted from an engine. The filter has cell walls and cells surrounded by the cell walls. Through pores formed in the cell walls, adjacent cells are communicated. The cells have open cells opening along an axial direction of the filter, and plugged cells. An upstream end part of the plugged cell is plugged by a plug member. On a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, a flow-passage sectional area of the plugged cells is larger than a flow-passage sectional area of the open cells. A total length of the filter is not less than a first standard value and is not more than a critical length Lm determined by respective predetermined equations.

Abstract: A monitoring device includes an acquiring unit, a first determination unit, a second determination unit and a notification unit. The acquiring unit periodically acquires status information from a printer having a consumable. The first determination unit determines a first state transition from an occurrence state of a consumable alarm to a release state of the consumable alarm and a second state transition from the release state of the consumable alarm to the occurrence state of the consumable alarm, based on the status information. If the first state transition is determined, the second determination unit determines, based on the status information, as to whether the determined first state transition is an apparent first state transition or an actual first state transition. If the actual first state transition is determined and then the second state transition is determined, the notification unit notifies an alarm relating to the consumable.

Abstract: A monitoring device includes an acquiring unit, a first determination unit, a second determination unit and a notification unit. The acquiring unit periodically acquires status information from a printer having a consumable. The first determination unit determines a first state transition from an occurrence state of a consumable alarm to a release state of the consumable alarm and a second state transition from the release state of the consumable alarm to the occurrence state of the consumable alarm, based on the status information. If the first state transition is determined, the second determination unit determines, based on the status information, as to whether the determined first state transition is an apparent first state transition or an actual first state transition. If the actual first state transition is determined and then the second state transition is determined, the notification unit notifies an alarm relating to the consumable.

Abstract: An e-mail print processing device that performs printing of an e-mail and a file attached to the e-mail received via a network, including: a reception history storage unit that stores a reception history of e-mails; a display unit that displays a list of the reception history of the e-mails stored in the reception history storage unit; a selection unit that selects by a user's operation an e-mail of which printing is confirmed from the reception history list of the e-mails displayed by the display unit; a confirmation notice generation unit that generates a confirmation notice of the e-mail selected by the selection unit; and a confirmation notice sending unit that sends the confirmation notice generated by the confirmation notice generation unit.

Abstract: An e-mail print processing device that performs printing of an e-mail and a file attached to the e-mail received via a network, including: a reception history storage unit that stores a reception history of e-mails; a display unit that displays a list of the reception history of the e-mails stored in the reception history storage unit; a selection unit that selects by a user's operation an e-mail of which printing is confirmed from the reception history list of the e-mails displayed by the display unit; a confirmation notice generation unit that generates a confirmation notice of the e-mail selected by the selection unit; and a confirmation notice sending unit that sends the confirmation notice generated by the confirmation notice generation unit.

Abstract: An Internet facsimile communication system for sending a document from a sending device to a receiving device via an Internet mail, in which the sending device includes a sending unit that sends the document with urgent designation information added thereto to the receiving device; and the receiving device includes: an information unit that informs reception of an urgent document if the document received from the sending device has the urgent designation information attached thereto; and a print control unit that immediately prints out the received document about which the reception of the urgent document has been informed by the information unit.

Abstract: An electronic mail communication system for sending an electronic mail from a sending side communication apparatus to a reception side communication apparatus through a network, in which the sending side communication apparatus includes: a processing instruction unit that instructs a content of processing of the attached file to be performed in the reception side communication apparatus; an electronic mail generation unit that generates an electronic mail including the processing content; and a sending unit that sends the electronic mail to the reception side communication apparatus; and the reception side communication apparatus includes: a reception unit that receives the electronic mail including the processing content; an extraction unit that extracts the processing content from the electronic mail; and a processing unit that implements processing of the electronic mail on the basis of the processing content extracted by the extraction unit.