Abstract: A colored toner for developing electrostatic images which has a degree of gelation of 2.0% or less and comprises an association of secondary particles containing polymer particles having acidic polar groups or basic polar groups and an organic pigment and/or an organic dye treated with a treatment agent containing a surface treatment agent which has the same ionic character as the polymer particles so that the absolute value of .zeta.-potential becomes 10 to 100 mV at pH 5, and a developer for electrostatic images which comprises this colored toner and a carrier.

Abstract: A colored toner for developing electrostatic images which has a degree of gelation of 2.0% or less and comprises an association of secondary particles containing polymer particles having acidic polar groups or basic polar groups and an organic pigment and/or an organic dye treated with a treatment agent containing a surface treatment agent which has the same ionic character as the polymer particles so that the absolute value of .zeta.-potential becomes 10 to 100 mV at pH 5, and a developer for electrostatic images which comprises this colored toner and a carrier.

Abstract: A moving body recognition apparatus which recognizes a shape and movement of an object moving in relation to an image input unit by extracting feature points, e.g. a peak of the object and a boundary of color, each in said images captured at a plurality of instants in time for observation by the image input unit. The moving body recognition apparatus comprises an image input unit for capturing images of an object as a moving body having a rotation, a feature point extraction unit for extracting feature points from the images inputted by the image input unit, a feature point storage unit for storing known position data of the extracted feature points, and a shape/movement recognition unit for calculating the actual positions and movements of the feature points of the object in the images by using the known position data of the extracted feature points outputted from the feature point storage unit.

Abstract: A moving body recognition apparatus which recognizes a shape and movement of an object moving in relation to an image input unit by extracting feature points, e.g. a peak of the object and a boundary of color, each in said images captured at a plurality of instants in time for observation by the image input unit. The moving body recognition apparatus comprises an image input unit for capturing images of an object as a moving body having a rotation, a feature point extraction unit for extracting feature points from the images inputted by the image input unit, a feature point storage unit for storing known position data of the extracted feature points, and a shape/movement recognition unit for calculating the actual positions and movements of the feature points of the object in the images by using the known position data of the extracted feature points outputted from the feature point storage unit.

Abstract: An apparatus recognizes road traffic lines and a car running ahead without regard to obstacles and noise signals. A video image recording unit on a car provides an image of the road ahead. Horizontal edges in the image are detected for determining the presence of a car ahead. Successive lateral sweeps in both directions from a center line that advance at predetermined sampling intervals from a proximal portion of the image toward a distal portion of the image provide data by which horizontal edges are determined for comparison against predetermined standards. A base line on the road for the car ahead is determined as the most proximal horizontal edge. Lines marking road lanes are detected by similar two directional search lines from a center line. Lane lines are identified in right and left proximal portions of the image and extrapolated to the distal portion of the image. Missing portions of lines are interpolated.

Abstract: A moving body recognition apparatus which recognizes a shape and movement of an object moving in relation to an image input unit by extracting feature points, e.g. a peak of the object and a boundary of color, each in said images captured at a plurality of instants in time for observation by the image input unit. The moving body recognition apparatus comprises an image input unit for capturing images of an object as a moving body having a rotation, a feature point extraction unit for extracting feature points from the images inputted by the image input unit, a feature point storage unit for storing known position data of the extracted feature points, and a shape/movement recognition unit for calculating the actual positions and movements of the feature points of the object in the images by using the known position data of the extracted feature points outputted from the feature point storage unit.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine of the present invention comprises at least first and second cylinder banks each including a plurality of cylinders or a single cylinder, a first valve operating mechanism provided for each of the cylinders of the first cylinder bank for operating an intake valve or an exhaust valve of the cylinder to open and close, and a second valve operating mechanism having a valve operating characteristic different from that of the first valve operating mechanism and provided for each of the cylinders of the second cylinder bank for operating an intake valve or an exhaust valve of the cylinder to open and close.

Abstract: Apparatus which recognizes a shape and movement of a moving body based on position data of feature points in an image of the moving body in an orthogonal projection image of the moving body. The moving body recognition apparatus includes a feature point position normalization unit for providing normalized coordinates of a feature point by determining an image capture plane of the moving body as the XY plane, a direction in which an orthogonal projection image of a rotation axis of the moving body formed on the image capture plane as the Y axis and a direction of an image capture operation as a Z axis perpendicular to the XY plane and a rotation axis calculation unit for calculating the angle between the axis of rotation of the moving body and the Y axis.

Abstract: Cleaning apparatus for an electronic game console and associated game cartridges, wherein the game console is of the type having a first edge connector adapted to engage a mating second edge connector provided in the game cartridge. The cleaning apparatus includes a cleaning cartridge having a housing portion at one end and a handle portion at the other end, the housing portion having first and second separable portions, and having a recessed forward end. A first cleaning element is mounted within the recessed forward end, the cleaning element being sized and shaped to correspond substantially to the first edge connector, so that the cleaning pad engages the second edge connector upon insertion into the game console port. A second cleaning element is carried within the housing portion of the cartridge, the second cleaning element including an elongated member having a washing pad on one end thereof and a drying pad on the other end thereof, for cleaning the edge connector of the game cartridge.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel method for the production of a substance which accelerates the hatching of potato cyst nematode eggs using root cells of plants of Solanaceae family.In this method, the cultivation of the root cells may be carried out in a specific medium, or, alternatively, the cells obtained by transformation of the root cells with Ri plasmid T-DNA is used.The disclosed method can be applied for the prevention of the damage by the cyst nematodes in potato cultivation.

Abstract: An electronic filing apparatus includes a determinating device for receiving an image signal to determine whether or not image represented by the image signal is image of an OMR sheet in accordance with a predetermined form. The form at least includes a field to fill in with a facsimile number and a field to fill in with data designating information for designating desired data. The electronic filing apparatus further includes a recognizing device for recognizing a facsimile number and data designating information from the image signal determined by the determining device as a signal representing the image of the OMR sheet, and an information delivering device for preparing data designated by the recognized data designating information and for transmitting the image signal of the prepared data to the output destination designated by the recognized facsimile number.

Abstract: A system for controlling an unmanned vehicle by detection of a guide line based on a picture image picked up by a camera on the vehicle, including a parameter (.rho., .theta.) deriving unit for deriving parameters (.rho., .theta.) of point extracted from a picture image picked up by a camera, and a maximum density parameter detection unit for integrating the densities of parameters derived by the parameter deriving unit and determining the maximum density parameter from the integrated densities of the parameters. The maximum density parameter is determined from the parameter derived by the parameter deriving unit, for the parameter area having at the center thereof the parameter estimated from the maximum density parameter, and the detected maximum density parameter is decided as the parameter of said guide line. The determination of steered amount by a fuzzy inference can be used.

Abstract: An image information display apparatus is provided, with a plurality of address producing portions which output active signals and address signals. When the active signals and address signals are output an effective address signal is selected in response to an address deciding portion from the plurality of address signals outputted by the address producing portion in accordance with a priority order signal and the active signal inputted from outside. Accordingly read the image information is sequentially read from the address in the memory to be expressed by the effective address signal for displaying the plurality of rectangular regions. As a result the image of image parameters to display the multiwindow are reduced so that the priority order of the overlapped rectangular regions, the display positions and so on may be easily changed.

Abstract: Cleaning apparatus for an electronic game console and associated game cartridges, wherein the game console is of the type having a first edge connector adapted to engage a mating second edge connector provided in the game cartridge. The cleaning apparatus includes a cleaning cartridge having a housing portion at one end and a handle portion at the other end, the housing portion having first and second separable portions, and having a recessed forward end. A first cleaning element is mounted within the recessed forward end, the cleaning element being sized and shaped to correspond substantially to the first edge connector, so that the cleaning pad engages the second edge connector upon insertion into the game console port. A second cleaning element is carried within the housing portion of the cartridge, the second cleaning element including an elongated member having a washing pad on one end thereof and a drying pad on the other end thereof, for cleaning the edge connector of the game cartridge.

Abstract: A display system includes a memory device, a central processing unit, a converting circuit and a display device. The memory device is for sequentially storing image data at addresses corresponding to positions in line and column directions of an original image to be displayed. The central processing unit controls the overall operation of the system and also retrieves the image data selectably either from every line or every Mth line. The converting circuit sequentially and temporarily stores the retrieved image data by extracting selectably either every bit or every Nth bit of the retrieved image data sequentially, M and N being integers greater than 1. These serial data formed by the converting circuit are displayed by the display device.

Abstract: In an information registering and retrieving apparatus, primary information of image signals converted from an original document or documents is registered by adding secondary information to the primary information and any desired primary information is retrieved by utilizing the secondary information. The apparatus is provided with a first output reservation device for storing, in a storage device, desired secondary information designated in the entire secondary information retrieved on the basis of any given retrieval condition and for interrupting an output of the desired primary information corresponding to the designated secondary information on a display and by a printer. It is further provided with a second output reservation device for storing, in the storage device, desired primary information designated in the entire primary information corresponding to the retrieved secondary information and for interrupting an output of the desired primary information by the printer.

Abstract: An image signal binary encoder for converting analog image signals into binary output signals, including an arithmetic circuit which calculates, when a predetermined area of a matrix having m rows and n columns and containing mxn points P.sub.a, b (a=i,---, i-m+1; b=j,---, j-n+1) is given so as to be enclosed by the points P.sub.i, j, P.sub.i-m+1, j, P.sub.i, j-n+1 and P.sub.i-m+1, j-n+1 where characters i, j, m and n denote natural numbers, respectively, an average of densities of the mxn points P.sub.a, b by calculating, on the supposition that characters x.sub.a, b denote the densities of the mxn points P.sub.a, b, respectively, a sum s.sub.i, j of n values from x.sub.i, j to x.sub.i, j-n+1 by the equation: s.sub.i, j =s.sub.i, j-1 +x.sub.i, j -x.sub.i, j-n and calculting a sum S.sub.i, j of m values from s.sub.i, j to s.sub.i-m+1, j by the equation: S.sub. i, j =S.sub.i-1, j +s.sub.i, j -s.sub.i-m, j and calculating an average A.sub.i, j of mxn values from x.sub.i, j to x.sub.

Abstract: In a tool exchange system, in which the selection of a tool (8) supported on a magazine (9) is done by the rotation of a main spindle (5) via a pair of gears (20) and (21), an elastic member (71) is provided so as to retain the magazine (9) in a machining position (pause position) which does not interfere with a machining operation. A first cam mechanism (11) is adapted to move the magazine (9) between a tool exchange position and the machining position in response to the vertical move of a Z-slider (3) moving along a column (1). A second cam mechanism (12) is adapted to operate a tool attachment/removal means (6).

Abstract: An engine cooling device comprises an oil jacket surrounding a cylinder portion of an engine, an oil gallery supplying high-pressure oil to various parts of the engine, and an oil pressure regulator disposed between the oil jacket and the oil gallery to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure oil supplied from the oil gallery and to supply the oil at a reduced pressure to the oil jacket. Thus, the required mechanical strength of the oil jacket can be decreased to decrease the weight of the engine cylinder block.

Abstract: An information record/retrieval device registers information by storing retrieval information formed thereon and searches desired information by using the stored retrieval information. Retrieval information is formed in a specified format which can be entered through an image input device which feeds image information to a control processing unit.