Abstract: An image formation apparatus including at least one rotary member pressed onto the belt directly or indirectly and allowed to integrally rotate with the shift of the belt, a belt driving unit which moves the belt, or a rotary member driving unit which rotates the rotary member, and at least one of rotary member load correction unit for correcting variations in the load imposed on the rotary member and belt load correction unit for correcting variations in the load imposed on the belt.

Abstract: An optical-pickup device includes a plurality of light sources, an objective lens for converging light from the plurality of light sources on an optical disc, and at least one light-receiving element for receiving light reflected by the optical disc. A light source of the plurality of light sources, which light source is not used for recording/reproducing, is used for detecting relative tilt between the optical disc and the objective lens.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the present invention is capable of reducing the influence of the variation of rotation speed of an image carrier, which is ascribable to, e.g., the eccentricity of a driven transmission member mounted on the image carrier, on the misregister of different colors. Further, the apparatus of the present invention reduces the influence of the load variation of the image carrier acting on a transfer medium drive member on the misregister of different colors.

Abstract: An image formation apparatus is provided with a photosensitive drum, an optical writing device which writes an image on the outer surface of the photosensitive drum, a developing device which develops the image using toner an intermediate transfer belt onto which the toner image on the photosensitive drum is transferred, a rotation angle detection unit which detects the rotation angle of the photosensitive drum, an eccentric detection unit which detects the amount eccentricity of the photosensitive drum from the rotary axis of the photosensitive drum, and a correction unit which, obtains eccentricity of the photosensitive drum based on the amount eccentricity, the rotation angle and the radius of the photosensitive drum, and corrects a distortion and a color offset in the toner image based on the obtained eccentricity.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an optical recording/reproducing method and apparatus that accurately record data blocks onto an optical disk in a seamless formation while effectively reducing the deterioration of recording properties of the disk. The recording properties of the disk may deteriorate when data is repeatedly written to a same data block of the disk. In the optical recording/reproducing method and apparatus of the invention, a read clock signal is generated in response to recorded data on an optical storage medium. A write clock signal is generated in response to a position information carrying signal detected from the storage medium. A phase difference between the read clock signal and the write clock signal is detected when writing data blocks to the storage medium in a seamless formation. It is determined whether a phase of the write clock signal is delayed or advanced based on the phase difference.

Abstract: An optical recording method for an optical disk having a disk surface portion in which prepits, indicative of preformat information, are formed. In the optical recording method, a portion of a data signal which matches one of the prepits and corresponds to a write mark radially adjacent to one of the prepits is detected. Marks are recorded along a track of the disk by selectively using one of an optimal recording power and a proper recording power level, in accordance with the non-match portion or the match portion of the data signal. A radial width of the marks recorded in accordance with the match portion of the data signal is smaller than a radial width of the marks recorded in accordance with the non-match portion of the data signal. An optical reproducing method is adapted to accurately detect a wobble signal and a prepit signal from the optical disk to which data is recorded by the above optical recording method.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method to correct distortion in a photographic image of a concrete construction. A concrete construction is constructed by pouring concrete into spaces formed by a plurality of moldboards, whereby the removed moldboard left the prints thereof on the surface of the concrete construction. The present invention exploits these features of a concrete construction. A method according to present invention comprises the steps of determining positions of the print of vertexes of the moldboards in the image and modifying the image on the basis of the positions of the print of vertexes so as to remove distortion of the image.

Abstract: A laser scanning system including a wavelength tunable laser generating and emitting a laser beam having tunable wavelengths, and at least one photonic crystal receiving the laser beam emitted from the wavelength tunable laser. The photonic crystal deflects the received laser beam, during propagation within the photonic crystal, at an angle depending on the wavelength of the laser beam, and emits the deflected laser beam at various angles of emission depending on the angle deflected in the photonic crystal to scan the laser beams over the surface area of a body to be scanned. Non-linearities found in the wavelength versus scanning beam position relation are corrected with position sensors provided at both ends, and in between positions, of the beam scanning range on the photosensitive drum. With this configuration of the position sensors, the non-linearities are corrected and also beam scanning with high precession becomes feasible.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an optical recording/reproducing method and apparatus that accurately record data blocks onto an optical disk in a seamless formation while effectively reducing the deterioration of recording properties of the disk. The recording properties of the disk may deteriorate when data is repeatedly written to a same data block of the disk. In the optical recording/reproducing method and apparatus of the invention, a read clock signal is generated in response to recorded data on an optical storage medium. A write clock signal is generated in response to a position information carrying signal detected from the storage medium. A phase difference between the read clock signal and the write clock signal is detected when writing data blocks to the storage medium in a seamless formation. It is determined whether a phase of the write clock signal is delayed or advanced based on the phase difference.

Abstract: A device for driving an endless belt of the present invention includes a drive roller and a roller pair adjoining the drive roller at a side where a photoconductive element is positioned and contacting the belt. The eccentricity of the drive roller and that of the roller pair are reduced to reduce the variation of belt speed when the drive roller is controlled at a preselected angular velocity. Even when the drum is eccentric, the device stably operates integrally with the belt without any slip or oscillation.

Abstract: An objective lens driving apparatus having a focusing coil and a tracking coil arranged in a parallel relationship with a thin, flat shape so that both the focusing coil and the tracking coil can be moved by a single flat magnet. An objective lens supporting member supports the objective lens, and is movably supported on a stationary member. A drive motor is provided at least one side of the objective lens supporting member. A yoke is fixed to the stationary member, and a drive magnet is mounted to the yoke. The drive magnet has a flat surface parallel to both the focusing direction and the tracking direction, the flat surface having four single-pole areas each of which is magnetized in a direction perpendicular to the flat surface. A drive coil assembly including the focusing coil and the tracking coil is mounted on the objective lens supporting member.

Abstract: In an optical pickup method and device of the present invention, a grating unit separates a light beam, emitted by a light source, into a 0th order diffracted beam and 1st order diffracted beams. An objective lens focuses the diffracted beams, sent from the grating unit, onto a recording surface of an optical recording medium through a transparent substrate of the medium, so that a main spot is formed on the recording surface by the 0th order diffracted beam and sub-spots, interposing the main spot therebetween, are formed on the recording surface by the 1st order diffracted beams. A reflection beam detector receives reflection beams from the main spot and the sub-spots of the medium to generate detection signals from the received reflection beams.

Abstract: An image formation apparatus is provided with a photosensitive drum, an optical writing device which writes an image on the outer surface of the photosensitive drum, a developing device which develops the image using toner an intermediate transfer belt onto which the toner image on the photosensitive drum is transferred, a rotation angle detection unit which detects the rotation angle of the photosensitive drum, an eccentric detection unit which detects the amount eccentricity of the photosensitive drum from the rotary axis of the photosensitive drum, and a correction unit which, obtains eccentricity of the photosensitive drum based on the amount eccentricity, the rotation angle and the radius of the photosensitive drum, and corrects a distortion and a color offset in the toner image based on the obtained eccentricity.

Abstract: A method for aging steel-making slag comprising the steps of charging normal temperature steel-making slag crushed to the extent that the slag having a grain diameter of 25 mm or less which constitutes 80% or more of the total amount into a pressure vessel which can be closed tight enough to seal a pressure substantially higher than atmosphere. The pressure vessel is closed and pressureized steam is supplied into the said vessel for heating the said pressure vessel and slag to raise the temperature and the pressure in the said pressure vessel while discharging condensed hot water. The interior of the vessel is kept under a condition saturated by steam and pressurized up to 2 to 10 kg/cm.sup.2 G for 1 to 5 hours. The pressure in the pressure vessel is reduced to be equalized with atmosphere. The steel-making slag is then discharged from the vessel. Apparatus is provided for carrying out the above process and includes a pressure vessel having an opening lid for charging and discharging steel-making slag.

Abstract: A method for aging steel-making slag comprising the steps of charging normal temperature steel-making slag crushed to the extent that the slag having a grain diameter of 25 mm or less which constitutes 80% or more of the total amount into a pressure vessel which can be closed tight enough to seal a pressure substantially higher than atmosphere. The pressure vessel is closed and pressureized steam is supplied into the said vessel for heating the said pressure vessel and slag to raise the temperature and the pressure in the said pressure vessel while discharging condensed hot water. The interior of the vessel is kept under a condition saturated by steam and pressurized up to 2 to 10 kg/cm.sup.2 G for 1 to 5 hours. The pressure in the pressure vessel is reduced to be equalized with atmosphere. The steel-making slag is then discharged from the vessel. Apparatus is provided for carrying out the above process and includes a pressure vessel having an opening lid for charging and discharging steel-making slag.

Abstract: In a method of recycling iron and steel industry waste by processing the waste as an object substance by the use of a rotary kiln, the object substance is changed into a valuable material while the object substance travels within the rotary kiln from an upstream side to a downstream side. The object substance is heated on the upstream side of the rotary kiln within a reducing atmosphere to be reduced and molten into a reduced and molten product. The reduced and molten product is quickly sent to the downstream side without being adhered to an internal wall of the rotary kiln. The valuable material is extracted from the reduced and molten product which may be directly discharged out of the rotary kiln or which may be discharged after the reduced and molten product is once kept in a basin formed in the vicinity of the downstream side of the rotary kiln.

Abstract: In a control method of an optical disk unit, it is judged by performing a tentative tracking operation of an optical pickup in a constant region of an optical disk whether a tracking position of the optical pickup is located in a land or groove portion. After a correct tracking control condition is judged, an access operation according to command information is executed. The optical disk unit has a two-divisional light receiving element for receiving diffracted light caused by a pregroove and a prepit of the optical disk, and a differentiator for generating a difference signal between signals of this light receiving element. The optical disk unit further has an adder for generating a sum signal of the signals of the light receiving element, and a tracking signal selector for selecting the difference or sum signal when the tracking operation is performed in a pregroove or prepit region, respectively.

Abstract: In a control method of an optical disk unit, it is judged by performing a tentative tracking operation of an optical pickup in a constant region of an optical disk whether a tracking position of the optical pickup is located in a land or groove portion. After a correct tracking control condition is judged, an access operation according to command information is executed. The optical disk unit has a two-divisional light receiving element for receiving diffracted light caused by a pregroove and a prepit of the optical disk, and a differentiator for generating a difference signal between signals of this light receiving element. The optical disk unit further has an adder for generating a sum signal of the signals of the light receiving element, and a tracking signal selector for selecting the difference or sum signal when the tracking operation is performed in a pregroove or prepit region, respectively.

Abstract: An optical pickup unit is formed such that a portion on an upstream side of the air flow has a streamline shape or similar shape to the streamline shape so as to keep the air flow generated with high speed rotations of a disc-shaped recording medium away from a vicinity of an objective lens. According to this arrangement, dust contained in the air flow can be prevented from adhering to the surface of the objective lens. Moreover, the dust will not enter inside the optical pickup unit through a small clearance between a lens holder of the objective lens and a cover for the optical pickup unit.

Abstract: In a control method of an optical disk unit, it is judged by performing a tentative tracking operation of an optical pickup in a constant region of an optical disk whether a tracking position of the optical pickup is located in a land or groove portion. After a correct tracking control condition is judged, an access operation according to command information is executed. The optical disk unit has a two-divisional light receiving element for receiving diffracted light caused by a pregroove and a prepit of the optical disk, and a differentiator for generating a difference signal between signals of this light receiving element. The optical disk unit further has an adder for generating a sum signal of the signals of the light receiving element, and a tracking signal selector for selecting the difference or sum signal when the tracking operation is performed in a pregroove or prepit region, respectively.