Abstract: A radio frequency module packaging system and method characterized by compact package size, reduced packaging loss and variation, and reduced heat generation. The radio frequency module is provided with via holes, electrodes for signals, and grounding electrodes on the surface of a substrate. Under the electrodes for signals, via holes are made, and on both sides of the electrodes for signals, grounding via holes are made so that these via holes form microstrip lines. Both input and output ends of a high frequency circuit including an active device, formed as the module's functional circuit on the substrate, are routed through the via holes and connected to another circuit.

Abstract: The present invention can achieve a completely sub-modularized apparatus, prevent frequency thereof from being fluctuated and reduce manufacturing cost thereof. The present invention has a RF oscillator apparatus whose frequency is set in advance and which is compactly sub-modularized; a transceiving module case which is a base substrate; a transceiving module upper cover which is a seal material covering an upper portion of a conductive wall of the RF oscillator apparatus; a RF circuit substrate which is a wiring substrate loading the RF oscillator apparatus and a receiving mixer and the like; and a bonding wire connecting the RF oscillator apparatus and the receiving mixer and the RF circuit substrate to each other.

Abstract: A high frequency communication device which can reduce undesired electromagnetic coupling inside and outside a box thereof in which circuit parts constituting a transmitter-receiver circuit are contained.

Abstract: The present invention can achieve a completely sub-modularized apparatus, prevent frequency thereof from being fluctuated and reduce manufacturing cost thereof. The present invention has a RF oscillator apparatus whose frequency is set in advance and which is compactly sub-modularized; a transceiving module case which is a base substrate; a transceiving module upper cover which is a seal material covering an upper portion of a conductive wall of the RF oscillator apparatus; a RF circuit substrate which is a wiring substrate loading the RF oscillator apparatus and a receiving mixer and the like; and a bonding wire connecting the RF oscillator apparatus and the receiving mixer and the RF circuit substrate to each other.

Abstract: A high frequency communication device which can reduce undesired electromagnetic coupling inside and outside a box thereof in which circuit parts constituting a transmitter-receiver circuit are contained. Periodic structures (6) are provided on at least a part of a wall constituting a box (1, 4, 5) so that the periodic structures (6) serve as a filter which has a non-propagating frequency band corresponding a frequency band covering an undesired electromagnetic emission inside the box. Thus, undesired electromagnetic emission energy from any electromagnetic emission source can be confined locally to prevent a possible problem of electromagnetic interference.

Abstract: A high-frequency transmitter-receiver apparatus includes a transceiver circuit realized in a planar structure by a dielectric substrate and a semiconductor chip and a planar antenna formed on a dielectric substrate are provided on front and rear surfaces, respectively, of a single electrically conductive base plate. Signal lines of the planar circuit and the planar antenna are electrically interconnected by a coaxial line which extends through said base plate.

Abstract: A novel planar antenna is capable of feeding power to a plurality of radiation elements at a low loss and has a construction suitable for mass production. The antenna comprises a multilayer substrate formed by laminating at least two dielectric substrates and having at least an upper layer, an intermediate layer and a lower layer, upper conductive plate provided with a plurality of slots and laid in the upper layer, at least one strip line formed in the intermediate layer so as to correspond to the plurality of slots, and a lower conductive plate formed in the lower layer. At least two slots correspond to the strip line, the strip line has a feed point to which a center conductor included in a high-frequency signal transmission line is connected, and a grounding point to which a grounding conductor included in the high-frequency signal transmission line is connected is formed on a second conductive surface.

Abstract: An image forming substance removing apparatus for removing an image forming substance from an image holding member has a separating device for separating the image forming substance from the image holding member by separating a separating member having adhesive force stronger than adhesive force between the image holding member and the image forming substance attached onto this image holding member from the image forming substance on the image holding member after this separating member comes in contact with the image forming substance on the image holding member; and a cleaner for cleaning the separating member by removing the image forming substance attached onto the separating member therefrom.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device is provided for high-frequency or high-speed circuitry having stabilized characteristics and reduced influence on surrounding devices. In the device structure, ground leads extending from a metal substrate or metal layer for mounting ICs for high-frequency or high-speed circuitry are disposed adjacent to at least one side of signal leads and a width W or a space S of at least a part of the leads are set to inherent values for reducing the inductance of ground leads. Further, passive circuit chips for short-circuiting or blocking a high frequency signal are mounted on the metal substrate to suppress high-frequency component signals flowing through power supply leads and ground leads.

Abstract: An apparatus for constructing a building (K) is disclosed. The building (K) includes a framework constituted of permanent columns (10) and permanent beams (11). The apparatus (S) is provided with a temporary framework, (13) which is constructed and located above the building (K) under construction. Lifting mechanisms (14) for lifting the temporary framework (13) are provided at and supported by the permanent columns (10) of the building (K). Each of the lifting mechanisms (14) is able to lift the lifting mechanism (14) itself along the permanent column (10) of the building (K). A crane (12, 413, 511) is provided at the temporary framework (13) for hoisting and conveying structural elements (U) of the building (K), for example, the permanent columns (10) and beams (11). Alternatively, movable hoists (131, 607) are provided so as to transfer at least under the temporary framework (13).

Abstract: An automatic article transport system capable of transporting a plurality of articles to respective destination positions within a short time and at high efficiency. The system includes a plurality of fixed rails, a plurality of movable rails each capable of running along a pair of fixed rails, and a plurality of hoists capable of running on the movable rails and of lifting and lowering a member to be transported. Controllers are installed on the movable rails and the hoists, respectively. The system further includes a central controller having a table and a device for generating a path for a member to be transported, and transmitters for transmitting control electric power and control signals between the central controller and the controllers installed on the movable rails and the hoists. A transport path for a member to be transported is determined in the path generating device on the basis of data on members to be transported, transport sequence data, and equipment and structure data.

Abstract: An analog signal having a value A is converted into an n-bit digital signal. An optical calculation part performs a part of a calculation shown below for an A/D conversion as below.U.sub.i =[{{.SIGMA.(W.sub.ij .times.X.sub.j)+h.sub.i }.times.V}+A].times.Si . . . (1)The calculation of the equation (1) is performed fori=0, 1, . . . , n-1 respectively;the W.sub.ij is 0 if i.gtoreq.j.gtoreq.0, or -(2**j) if j>i.gtoreq.0; hi is -(2**i), or -{(2**i)-.epsilon.}(.vertline..epsilon..vertline..ltoreq.1);V and S.sub.i respectively have any desired positive values and the said .SIGMA. represents a summation of each expression following thereto for j=0, 1, . . . , n-1. The thresholding compares the result U.sub.i of the calculation of each equation (1) to a threshold value, and then 1 or 0 is selected. The result of the selection is then assigned to X.sub.i. The calculation of the equation (1) is then performed repeatedly until X.sub.i converge on solutions. The solution of each X.sub.

Abstract: An optical EXCLUSIVE-OR element in which the number of basic elements is reduced which results in increased integration of the element. The optical EXCLUSIVE-OR element comprises a substrate, a first optical functional element and a second optical functional element having the same structure as that of the first optical functional element. Each of the first and second optical functional elements has a light receiving portion and a light emitting portion. The light emitting portion is formed on the light receiving portion. The light emitting portion comprises semiconductor materials having an energy gap wider than the dominant peak energy of the input light, and the light receiving portion comprises semiconductor materials having an energy gap equal to or narrower than the dominant peak energy of the input light. A first electrode is formed over the first and second optical functional elements, and has windows which allow the input light and output light to pass through.

Abstract: An apparatus for constructing a building (K) is disclosed. The building (K) includes a framework constituted of permanent columns (10) and permanent beams (11). The apparatus (S) is provided with a temporary framework (13) which is constructed and located above the building (K) under construction. Lifting mechanisms (14) for lifting the temporary framework (13) are provided at and supported by the permanent columns (10) of the building (K). Each of the lifting mechanisms (14) is able to lift the lifting mechanism (14) itself along the permanent column (10) of the building (K). A crane (12, 413, 511) is provided at the temporary framework (13) for hoisting and conveying structural elements (U) of the building (K), for example, the permanent columns (10) and beams (11). Alternatively, movable hoists (131, 607) are provided so as to transfer at least under the temporary framework (13).

Abstract: A FET variable absorptive attenuator utilizes FETs as variable resistors controlled by voltages applied to their gate terminals, the FETs preferably being arranged in a T configuration with resistors connected in parallel with two series FETs, as well as a shunt FET in the form of a distributed shunt FET. One control voltage adjusts the resistances of the series FETs, and another controls the resistance of the distributed shunt FET. A proper combination of the two control voltages yields a desired level of attenuation with optimum input/output impedance matching. The resistors allow the series FETs to be biased well below their pinch-off voltages to minimize the parasitic capacitances of the series FETs at relatively high attenuation settings, improving the isolation for high attenuation settings at relatively high frequencies and also enabling the attenuator to function as a switch. They also improve the power-handling capability at high attenuation settings.

Abstract: A radial plunger pump is provided which includes a motor housing having a motor mounted therein. A pump housing is further provided and has a pump portion defined therein. A shaft is mounted between the motor and the pump portion so that the pump portion operates when rotation of the motor is transmitted to the pump portion by rotation of the shaft. A constant pressure chamber is defined between a first seal member and a second seal member both of which are fixed to the pump housing. The leakage of oil from the pump housing toward the motor housing is prevented by the first and second seal members and the constant pressure chamber. Further, a plate is provided within the constant pressure chamber which rotates with the shaft and prevents the entry of foreign objects into the constant pressure chamber through a constant pressure port which communicates to the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: A vector network analyzer system for measuring the complex impedance of devices and components at millimeter wavelengths is disclosed. A pair of directional couplers provide samples of the signal incident on and reflected from the element under test through reference and test channels, respectively. A 180.degree. hybrid, or magic tee, device receives the samples, mixes them vectorially, and produces outputs to two power detectors which provide amplitude and phase information about the complex reflection coefficient. Similar measurements are obtained for the complex transmission coefficient. A 90.degree. phase shifter consisting of a second magic tee and a PIN diode is connected in the reference channel to eliminate a phase measurement ambiguity. A computer processes the power detector output to determine the value of the unknown impedence. An electronically swept signal source allows measurements to be made automatically over a wide frequency band.