Abstract: An image reading device, which can be included in an image forming apparatus, includes an image pickup device, a transparent member, a traveling body, and a housing. The traveling body includes a light source to emit light and guides the light reflected from a surface of the document to the image pickup device while moving in a sub scanning direction along the document surface on the transparent member. The housing accommodates the image pickup device and the traveling body, and includes a base member including a rectangular bottom surface and a side surface, and a rail member including a rail surface and a first vertical surface. The rail member further includes a fixing part that is a surface to be fixed to the bottom surface of the base member and to extend from one end of the rail member in the sub scanning direction to the other end.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a heating member, a pressing member, a first heating source, a second heating source and a reflection body. The reflection body reflects radiant heat irradiated from the first heating source toward a fixing nip side portion of the heating member and blocks radiant heat irradiated from the second heating source toward the fixing nip side portion of the heating member. After the heating of the heating member by either one of the heating sources is started until the heating member is heated to the sheet-passable temperature, an amount of radiant heat from the second heating source is larger than that of radiant heat from the first heating source, and after the heating member is heated to the sheet-passable temperature, an amount of radiant heat from the first heating source is larger than that of radiant heat from the second heating source.

Abstract: A measurement apparatus for measuring aberration based on return light of measuring light radiated to an object, includes a light source configured to emit the measuring light, a focusing unit configured to focus the measuring light on the object, an acquisition unit configured to acquire, from a storage unit, information indicating a state of the focusing unit corresponding to identification information of a specific object, and a control unit configured to control the focusing unit based on the acquired information indicating the state of the focusing unit.

Abstract: In order to reduce a width in a scanning direction with respect to an arrangement of measurement lights and to obtain a tomogram with a high SN ratio, an imaging apparatus according to the present invention adjusts an arrangement of a plurality of measurement lights in an object to be examined with respect to a scanning direction of a scanning unit for scanning the object to be examined with the plurality of measurement lights, based on a detection result of a detection unit for detecting the arrangement of the plurality of measurement lights.

Abstract: A transport container comprising a spherical container 1 and a heat accumulating material 2a, 2b disposed inside of the spherical container 1, wherein; the heat accumulating material 2a, 2b is provided with a space for holding a transported object therein, and the space is formed at the central part of the inside of the spherical container 1.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus configured to be disposed in an image forming apparatus. An image reading unit is configured to read an image from a document. A light permeable member has a surface configured to face the image on the document, the surface having a roughness of at most 0.5 S. A coating is disposed on the surface of the light permeable member, the coating configured to prevent adherence of contaminants on the surface.

Abstract: To provide an engine exhaust gas treatment system that can efficiently reduce and remove NOx using easy-to-handle urea as the reducing agent, regardless of the engine operating conditions. An exhaust gas denitration system in which an exhaust gas is introduced into the denitration catalyst reactor 5 provided in the exhaust gas flue 3, where NOx is reduced and removed in the presence of the denitrati on catalyst, wherein a diversion means provided in the exhaust gas flue 3 introduces part or all of the exhaust gas into a urea solution injection evaporator having a heating means by the heater 30, and the heat from the exhaust gas and the heat from the heater serve to generate ammonia that is then circled and mixed with the exhaust gas and introduced into the denitration catalyst reactor 4.

Abstract: A substrate alignment apparatus which aligns and fixes a substrate on a substrate stage includes a chucking pad fixed on the substrate stage to chuck and fix the substrate, a moving unit which moves the substrate with respect to the substrate stage such that a mark on the substrate stage and a mark on the substrate coincide with each other, and a determination unit which evaluates and controls a relative position between the chucking pad and the substrate after movement by the moving unit and determines whether the chucking pad can normally chuck the substrate.

Abstract: A transport container comprising a spherical container 1 and a heat accumulating material 2a, 2b disposed inside of the spherical container 1, wherein; the heat accumulating material 2a, 2b is provided with a space for holding a transported object therein, and the space is formed at the central part of the inside of the spherical container 1.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a heated body of a hollow cylindrical shape that is made of a conductive material and driven to rotate about an axis center, and a coil that heats the heated body by means of induction heating. The coil is formed of plural coil elements divided in an axial direction of the coil parallel to a rotational axis direction of the heated body, and the coil elements are aligned in such a manner that directions of magnetic fields of adjacent coil elements are opposite to each other. The heated body is set stationary in the rotational axis direction and the coil is reciprocally driven in the axial direction.

Abstract: A substrate alignment apparatus which aligns and fixes a substrate on a substrate stage includes a chucking pad fixed on the substrate stage to chuck and fix the substrate, a moving unit which moves the substrate with respect to the substrate stage such that a mark on the substrate stage and a mark on the substrate coincide with each other, and a determination unit which evaluates and controls a relative position between the chucking pad and the substrate after movement by the moving unit and determines whether the chucking pad can normally chuck the substrate.

Abstract: An optical unit may include an image pick-up device, a lens unit and a holding member. The image pick-up device may convert a reflected light reflected from an original document to an electric signal, after the light is irradiated on the original document from a light source. The lens unit may image the reflected light on the image pick-up device. The holding member may hold the image pick-up device and lenses. The direction of a fluctuation of a focal length of the lens unit caused by heat and a direction of the fluctuation of a distance between the image pick-up device and the lens unit caused by heat may agree with each other.

Abstract: A substrate alignment apparatus which aligns and fixes a substrate on a substrate stage includes a chucking pad fixed on the substrate stage to chuck and fix the substrate, a moving unit which moves the substrate with respect to the substrate stage such that a mark on the substrate stage and a mark on the substrate coincide with each other, and a determination unit which evaluates and controls a relative position between the chucking pad and the substrate after movement by the moving unit and determines whether the chucking pad can normally chuck the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a household cogeneration system which is adapted to a consumption power amount and a consumption heat amount of each consumer in an ordinary house and can easily handle a failure. The cogeneration system has an energy generating device constructed by: a plurality of electric/heat energy generating modules each having a jacket for sending electric energy and heat energy; a plurality of heat energy generating modules each having a jacket for sending heat energy and constructed by a mechanical power generating device and a heat pump device; and a base having a jacket for receiving the electric energy and the heat energy from the plurality of energy generating modules and supplying the energy from the modules in a lump to a consumer side.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus configured to be disposed in an image forming apparatus. An image reading unit is configured to read an image from a document. A light permeable member has a surface configured to face the image on the document, the surface having a roughness of at most 0.5 S. A coating is disposed on the surface of the light permeable member, the coating configured to prevent adherence of contaminants on the surface.

Abstract: To provide an engine exhaust gas treatment system that can efficiently reduce and remove NOx using easy-to-handle urea as the reducing agent, regardless of the engine operating conditions. An exhaust gas denitration system in which an exhaust gas is introduced into the denitration catalyst reactor 5 provided in the exhaust gas flue 3, where NOx is reduced and removed in the presence of the denitration catalyst, wherein a diversion means provided in the exhaust gas flue 3 introduces part or all of the exhaust gas into a urea solution injection evaporator having a heating means by the heater 30, and the heat from the exhaust gas and the heat from the heater serve to generate ammonia that is then circled and mixed with the exhaust gas and introduced into the denitration catalyst reactor 4.

Abstract: A substrate alignment apparatus which aligns and fixes a substrate on a substrate stage includes a chucking pad fixed on the substrate stage to chuck and fix the substrate, a moving unit which moves the substrate with respect to the substrate stage such that a mark on the substrate stage and a mark on the substrate coincide with each other, and a determination unit which manages a relative position between the chucking pad and the substrate after movement by the moving unit and determines whether the chucking pad can normally chuck the substrate.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a fusing device comprising of a fuser roller, which fuses toner on a sheet of paper, and a pressure roller getting into contact with the fuser roller to form a nip between them where the sheet of paper passes through. A fuser-side external heat roller having an internal heater comes into contact with the fuser roller. A pressure-side heat roller having an internal heater comes into contact with the pressure roller. The fuser roller and the pressure roller have approximately same outer diameter and are both composed of an elastic material. An approximate radius of the nip formed between the two rollers is set to be equal to or larger than a radius of the fuser roller or the pressure roller. In another construction, the rollers are different in outer diameter, but each composed of an elastic material and a nip between them is set to be equal to or larger than 1.25 times as large as the radius of either the fuser roller or the pressure roller with smaller outer diameter.

Abstract: An image forming machine having a reversing transport path in which a transport direction of a sheet introduced from an image forming transport path is reversed, a returning path in which the sheet reversely transported from the reversing transport path is returned below the image forming transport path with the directions of the face and back of the sheet being unchanged, and an inverting transport path in which the sheet from the returning path is turned upside down and readmitted into an upstream portion of the image forming transport path. A finisher including a sheet receiving stand placed below the returning path is provided, and at least one send-in unit for selectively sending in different length sheets onto the sheet receiving stand is disposed in the returning path.

Abstract: A switchback device has an inverting tray for temporarily holding a sheet guided inside the switchback device thereon; a guide unit for guiding the sheet in pressing contact with the inverting tray when the sheet exits the switchback device in an exiting direction on the inverting tray, the exiting direction opposite to an entering direction of the sheet on the inverting tray; a guide switching unit for selectively changing the guide unit to a sheet guide allow state to allow the sheet to enter in the entering direction on the inverting tray and a sheet pressing state to make the sheet in pressing contact with the inverting; and a sheet transporting unit for transporting the sheet out of the switchback device in the exiting direction on the inverting tray.