Abstract: A yellow water-based pigment dispersion liquid is provided that includes pigment particles dispersed with a significantly small particle size, that has excellent dispersion stability, that causes less precipitation even at low viscosity, and that provides high gloss when the dispersion liquid is used as a main component of inkjet recording ink. In order to produce the water-based pigment dispersion liquid, it is important to add, as a kneading aid, an acetylene glycol surfactant having a specific structure and an HLB value of 8 to 12 to a mixture containing a bis-acetoacetallylide pigment, a styrene-acrylic acid copolymer having an acid value of 145 to 175, a basic compound, and a humectant and then to knead the resultant mixture to obtain a pigment dispersion. By dispersing the pigment dispersion in a water-based medium, a water-based pigment dispersion liquid for inkjet recording having the characteristics above can be produced.

Abstract: A yellow water-based pigment dispersion liquid is provided that includes pigment particles dispersed with a significantly small particle size, that has excellent dispersion stability, that causes less precipitation even at low viscosity, and that provides high gloss when the dispersion liquid is used as a main component of inkjet recording ink. In order to produce the water-based pigment dispersion liquid, it is important to add, as a kneading aid, an acetylene glycol surfactant having a specific structure and an HLB value of 8 to 12 to a mixture containing a bis-acetoacetallylide pigment, a styrene-acrylic acid copolymer having an acid value of 145 to 175, a basic compound, and a humectant and then to knead the resultant mixture to obtain a pigment dispersion. By dispersing the pigment dispersion in a water-based medium, a water-based pigment dispersion liquid for inkjet recording having the characteristics above can be produced.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting an operating condition of an internal-combustion engine, particularly a knocking condition of a four stroke cycle gasoline engine including a black body light radiating member formed by an opaque film of a noble metal, a sapphire rod which is arranged to be inserted into a hole formed in an engine head block, the black body light radiating member being arranged on one end of the sapphire rod such that the black body light radiating member is positioned within a combustion chamber, an optical fiber having one end optically coupled with the other end of the sapphire rod, a light detector arranged to receive light emanating from the other end of the optical fiber to produce a temperature signal which represents the heat flux within the combustion chamber, and a signal processing circuit for processing the temperature signal to detect the operating condition of the engine.

Abstract: A length measuring device has a magnetic scale body including at least one origin signal magnetic section and a measurement signal magnetic section forming a magnetic grating, the magnetic scale body having a uniform frictional surface formed over the entire effective length of the scale body, and a detecting head body including an origin detecting head for detecting an origin signal and a measurement detecting head for detecting a measurement signal and provided with a scraper in elastic contact with the frictional surface of the magnetic scale body, the detecting head body moving relative to the magnetic scale of the body along the length of the latter.