Abstract: A simplified foundation is made up of metal. The simplified foundation includes a first drive pile to be driven into the soil in an angularly inclined manner, and a support for attaching a target construction product on its upper portion. The support is hollow, and bowl-shaped from a part on which to attach the target construction product downwardly toward any portion in which to insert the drive pile. Furthermore, the support includes a guide member for guiding the first drive pile.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a retainer for a constant velocity joint for automobiles or the like, which has improved flexural strength properties without sacrificing the machinability, using a steel corresponding to SCr 415 (JIS) or SCM 415 (JIS). This production process comprises the steps of: providing a steel comprising by weight carbon (C): 0.10 to 0.25%, silicon (Si): 0.03 to 0.15%, manganese (Mn): 0.20 to 0.60%, sulfur (S): 0.003 to 0.030%, chromium (Cr): 1.00 to 1.50%, titanium (Ti): 0.05 to 0.20%, boron (B): 0.0005 to 0.0050%, and nitrogen (N): not more than 0.01% with the balance consisting of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities; hot forging the steel at a heating temperature of 1000 to 1100° C. to prepare a forged product having a Rockwell hardness of not more than 88 HRB; machining and optionally piercing the forged product; carburizing and quenching and tempering the machined steel to attain an effective case depth of 0.4 to 0.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing an inner race for a constant velocity joint comprising the steps of: providing a steel comprising by weight carbon 0.10 to 0.25%, silicon 0.03 to 0.15%, manganese 0.20 to 0.60%, sulfur 0.003 to 0.030%, chromium 1.00 to 1.50%, titanium 0.05 to 0.20%, boron 0.0005 to 0.0050%, and nitrogen not more than 0.01% with the balance consisting of iron and impurities; hot rolling or hot forging the steel, to prepare a rolled/forged product; cold forging and machining the rolled/forged product; and carburizing, quenching, and tempering the machined rolled/forged product so that the treated steel satisfies an effective case depth of 0.4 to 0.9 mm, a thickness of abnormal-carburizing layer of not more than 15 &mgr;m, and an austenite grain size number as specified in JIS G 0551 of not less than 7.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing an inner race for a constant velocity joint for automobiles or the like, which has improved rolling fatigue life and flexural strength properties without sacrificing cold forgeability and machinability, using SCM 420 (JIS) or a steel corresponding to SCM 420. This production process comprises the steps of: providing a steel comprising by weight carbon (C): 0.10 to 0.25%, silicon (Si): 0.03 to 0.15%, manganese (Mn): 0.20 to 0.60%, sulfur (S): 0.003 to 0.030%, chromium (Cr): 1.00 to 1.50%, titanium (Ti): 0.05 to 0.20%, boron (B): 0.0005 to 0.0050%, and nitrogen (N): not more than 0.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a retainer for a constant velocity joint for automobiles or the like, which has improved flexural strength properties without sacrificing the machinability, using a steel corresponding to SCr 415 (JIS) or SCM 415 (JIS). This production process comprises the steps of: providing a steel comprising by weight carbon (C): 0.10 to 0.25%, silicon (Si): 0.03 to 0.15%, manganese (Mn): 0.20 to 0.60%, sulfur (S): 0.003 to 0.030%, chromium (Cr): 1.00 to 1.50%, titanium (Ti): 0.05 to 0.20%, boron (B): 0.0005 to 0.0050%, and nitrogen (N): not more than 0.01% with the balance consisting of iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities; hot forging the steel at a heating temperature of 1000 to 1100° C. to prepare a forged product having a Rockwell hardness of not more than 88 HRB; machining and optionally piercing the forged product; carburizing and quenching and tempering the machined steel to attain an effective case depth of 0.4 to 0.